scholarly journals New continuous total ozone, UV, VIS and PAR measurements at Marambio, 64° S, Antarctica

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 947-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Lakkala ◽  
Margit Aun ◽  
Ricardo Sanchez ◽  
Germar Bernhard ◽  
Eija Asmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract. A ground-based ultraviolet (GUV) multi-filter radiometer was set up at Marambio, 64∘ S, 56∘ W, Antarctica, in 2017. The instrument continuously measures ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible (VIS) radiation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The measurements are designed for providing high-quality long-term time series that can be used to assess the impact of global climate change in the Antarctic region. The quality assurance includes regular absolute calibrations and solar comparisons performed at Marambio and at Sodankylä, Finland. The measurements continue observations at Marambio that were performed with (Norwegian Institute for Air Re-search UV Radiometer (NILU-UV) radiometers between 2000 and 2010 as part of the Antarctic NILU-UV network. These measurements are ideally suited for assessing the effects of the ongoing stratospheric ozone recovery on the ecosystem, as the data products include information on radiation at various wavelengths ranging from UV to VIS so that changes on biologically effective radiation due to ozone can be separated from those due to other factors. Data products include total ozone, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), visible (VIS) radiation at 555 nm, UV index, UV irradiance at 5 channels, UVB and UVA dose rate and daily dose, and biologically weighted UV dose rate and daily dose, calculated with 10 different action spectra. The data from the last 5 d and the daily maximum UV index time series are plotted and updated daily on the following web page: http://fmiarc.fmi.fi/sub_sites/GUVant/ (last access: 17 April 2020). The first 2 years of UV measurements were very different in terms of the results: for October, November and December the monthly average of daily maximum UVB dose rates were clearly higher in 2018 than in 2017. The largest difference was observed in October, when the average of daily maximum UVB dose rates was 76 and 102 µW cm−2 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. Monthly averages of the 3 months were similar in 2018, while in 2017 the monthly average of October was lower than those of November and December. The VIS and PAR time series show that daily maxima in 2018–2019 exceed those in 2017–2018 during late spring and summer (mid-November–January). The studied dataset, including daily maximum irradiances at five UV channels and one VIS channel; daily maximum UVB, UVA, and PAR dose rates; noon UVB, UVA, and PAR dose rates; noon total column ozone; and UVB and UVA daily doses, is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3688700 (Lakkala et al., 2019).

scholarly journals New continuous total ozone, UV, VIS and PAR measurements at Marambio 64° S, Antarctica

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Lakkala ◽  
Margit Aun ◽  
Ricardo Sanchez ◽  
Germar Bernhard ◽  
Eija Asmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Data Products ◽  
The Antarctic

Abstract. A GUV multifilter radiometer was set up at Marambio, 64° S 56° W, Antarctica, in 2017. The instrument measures continuously ultraviolet (UV) radiation, visible (VIS) radiation and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). The measurements are designed for providing high quality long-term time series which can be used to assess the impact of global climate change in the Antarctic region. The quality assurance includes regular absolute calibrations and solar comparisons performed at the site and at Sodankylä, Finland. The actual measurements continue the time series measured at Marambio with NILU-UV radiometers during 2000–2010 as part of the Antarctic NILU-UV network. They are optimal for assessing the effects of the ongoing stratospheric ozone recovery on the ecosystem as the data products include information on radiation at various wavelengths ranging from UV to VIS so that changes on biologically effective radiation due to ozone can be separated from those due to other factors. The final data products are total ozone, PAR, VIS radiation at 555 nm, UV index, UV irradiance at 5 channels, UVB and UVA dose rate/daily dose, and biologically weighted UV dose rate/ daily dose, including 10 different action spectra. The data from the last five days and the daily maximum UV index time series are plotted and updated daily on the web page fmiarc.fmi.fi/sub_sites/GUVant/. The first two years of UV measurements were very different in terms of the results: The monthly average of daily maximum UVB dose rates were clearly higher in 2018 than in 2017 during the period from October to December. The largest difference was observed in October, when the average of daily maximum UVB dose rates was 7.6 kWm−2 and 10.2 kWm−2 in 2017 and 2018, respectively. The monthly averages were close to each other for all the three months in 2018, while in 2017 the monthly average of October was lower than those of November and December. VIS and PAR time series show that daily maxima in 2018–2019 exceed those in 2017–2018 during the late spring and the summer (mid-November–January). The studied dataset is freely accessible at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3553634 (Lakkala et al.,2019).

scholarly journals UV measurements at Marambio and Ushuaia during 2000–2010

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Lakkala ◽  
Alberto Redondas ◽  
Outi Meinander ◽  
Laura Thölix ◽  
Britta Hamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Ozone Amount ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Abstract. Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiances were measured with NILU-UV multichannel radiometers at Ushuaia (54° S) and Marambio (64° S) between 2000 and 2013. The measurements were part of the Antarctic NILU-UV network, which was started in cooperation between Spain, Argentina and Finland. The erythemally weighted UV irradiance time series of both stations were analyzed for the first time in this study. The quality assurance procedures included a traveling refence instrument to transfer the irradiance scale to the stations. The time series were homogenized and high quality measurements were available for the period 2000–2010. During this period UV indices of 11 or more were measured on 5 and 35 days at Marambio and Ushuaia, correspondingly. At Marambio, the peak daily maximum UV index of 12 and dailydoses of around 7 kJ/m2 were measured in November 2007. Typically the highest UV daily doses were at both stations around 6 kJ/m2, and they occurred on time periods, when the station was inside the polar vortex with very low total ozone amount. At both stations, dailydoses of late November could even exceed those of summer. At Marambio, in some years, also dailydoses in October can be as high as those during the summer. At Ushuaia, the peak daily maximum UV index of 13 was measured twice: in November 2003 and 2009. Also during those days, the station of Ushuaia was inside the polar vortex.

scholarly journals Antarctic network of lamp-calibrated multichannel radiometers for continuous ozone and uv radiation data

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 3383-3404 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Redondas ◽  
C. Torres ◽  
O. Meinander ◽  
K. Lakkala ◽  
R. García ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Photosynthetically Active Radiation ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Active Radiation ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Polynomial Fit ◽  
Data Products ◽  
Cloud Parameter ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Uva Radiation

Abstract. Three NILU-UV multichannel radiometers have been installed in 1999 at the Argentinian sites of Ushuaia (54S), Marambio (64S) and Belgrano-II (77S) in order to continuously monitor UV radiation, photosynthetically active radiation and total ozone. The measurements were established by INM, Spain in collaboration with FMI, Finland, DNA-IAA, Argentina and CADIC, Argentina to observe and characterize the spatial and temporal evolution of ozone and ultraviolet radiation in the Antarctic region. Special attention has been given to the quality control and quality assurance of the measurements under harsh climatological conditions. The ozone and UV time series of 2000–2006 were calibrated using a polynomial fit for lamp measurements performed every second week all year round. The gaps in these data are minimal, with almost no data missing, and the data products are available from http://www.polarvortex.org in near real time. The data products include the erythemally-weighted UV, UVB and UVA radiation, photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), total ozone (O3) and a cloud parameter (CLT). For UV data, dose rates as well as daily doses are available; from these the maximum measured UV indices (UVI), during 2000–2006, were 12.0, 9.7 and 8.1 at Ushuaia, Marambio and Belgrano-II, respectively.

scholarly journals UV measurements at Marambio and Ushuaia during 2000–2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (21) ◽  
pp. 16019-16031 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaisa Lakkala ◽  
Alberto Redondas ◽  
Outi Meinander ◽  
Laura Thölix ◽  
Britta Hamari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Uv Irradiance ◽  
Ozone Amount ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
First Time ◽  
Solar Ultraviolet

Abstract. Solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiances were measured with NILU-UV multichannel radiometers at Ushuaia (54∘ S) and Marambio (64∘ S) between 2000 and 2013. The measurements were part of the Antarctic NILU-UV network, which was started in cooperation between Spain, Argentina and Finland. The erythemally weighted UV irradiance time series of both stations were analysed for the first time. The quality assurance procedures included a travelling reference instrument to transfer the irradiance scale to the stations. The time series were homogenized and high quality measurements were available for the period 2000–2010. During this period UV indices of 11 or more were measured on 5 and 35 days at Marambio and Ushuaia, respectively. At Marambio, the peak daily maximum UV index of 12 and daily doses of around 7 kJ m−2 were measured in November 2007. The highest UV daily doses at both stations were typically around 6 kJ m−2 and occurred when the stations were inside the polar vortex, resulting in very low total ozone amount. At both stations, daily doses in late November could even exceed those in the summer. At Marambio, in some years, also daily doses in October can be as high as those during the summer. At Ushuaia, the peak daily maximum UV index of 13 was measured twice: in November 2003 and 2009. Also during those days, the station of Ushuaia was inside the polar vortex.

scholarly journals Operational surface UV radiation product from GOME-2 and AVHRR/3 data

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 4537-4580 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Kujanpää ◽  
N. Kalakoski
Keyword(s):  
Uv Radiation ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Cloud Cover ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Cloud Optical Depth ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
German Aerospace

Abstract. The surface ultraviolet (UV) radiation product, version 1.20, generated operationally in the framework of the Satellite Application Facility on Ozone and Atmospheric Chemistry Monitoring (O3M SAF) of the European Organisation for the Exploitation of Meteorological Satellites (EUMETSAT) is described. The product is based on the total ozone column derived from the measurements of the second Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME-2) instrument aboard EUMETSAT's polar orbiting meteorological operational (Metop) satellites. The input total ozone product is generated by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) also within the O3M SAF framework. Polar orbiting satellites provide global coverage but infrequent sampling of the diurnal cloud cover. The diurnal variation of the surface UV radiation is extremely strong due to modulation by solar elevation and rapidly changing cloud cover. At the minimum, one sample of the cloud cover in the morning and another in the afternoon are needed to derive daily maximum and daily integrated surface UV radiation quantities. This is achieved by retrieving cloud optical depth from the channel 1 reflectance of the third Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR/3) instrument aboard both Metop in the morning orbit (daytime descending node around 09:30 LT) and Polar Orbiting Environmental Satellites (POES) of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in the afternoon orbit (daytime ascending node around 14:30 LT). In addition, more overpasses are used at high latitudes where the swaths of consecutive orbits overlap. The input satellite data are received from EUMETSAT's Multicast Distribution System (EUMETCast) using commercial telecommunication satellites for broadcasting the data to the user community. The surface UV product includes daily maximum dose rates and integrated daily doses with different biological weighting functions, integrated UVB and UVA radiation, solar noon UV Index and daily maximum photolysis frequencies of ozone and nitrogen dioxide at the surface level. The quantities are computed in a 0.5° × 0.5° regular latitude–longitude grid and stored as daily files in the hierarchical data format (HDF5) within two weeks from sensing. The product files are archived in the O3M SAF distributed archive and can be ordered via the EUMETSAT Data Centre.

scholarly journals The ultraviolet radiation environment during an expedition across the Drake Passage and on the Antarctic Peninsula

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Russell ◽  
Manmohan Gohlan ◽  
Andrew Smedley ◽  
Martin Densham
Keyword(s):  
Antarctic Peninsula ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
Drake Passage ◽  
Radiation Environment ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Antarctic Expedition ◽  
Low Altitude ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Ozone Column

AbstractPolysulphone ultraviolet dosimetry badges were deployed daily during a British Services Antarctic Expedition to the Antarctic Peninsula, including a cruise period across the Drake Passage. The expedition was undertaken from 20 December 2011 to 7 March 2012. Badges were successfully analysed from 46 days of the expedition with a daily mean of 1.8 kJ m-2 erythemal daily dose (EDD) and a range of 0.3–4.3 kJ m-2 EDD. The results indicate that the ultraviolet EDD experienced was comparable to temperate, mid-latitude locations in the spring/late summer. The variability of the badge measurements was mostly consistent with observations from a local ground-based radiometer and equivalent satellite-derived products. However, such comparisons are limited by the changing location/altitude of the expedition and known biases in the satellite data. This highlights that the new dataset of exposure experienced at the Antarctic surface complements those produced by stationary ground-based instruments or satellites and, therefore, that the badge dataset brings a new element to this issue. The highest EDD values during the expedition occurred at high altitude, and the lowest EDD values occurred at low altitude and high latitude with relatively high total ozone column concentration.

scholarly journals Monthly Temperature Observations for Uganda

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (10) ◽  
pp. 2363-2372 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Christy
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Minimum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum Temperature ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Record Keeping ◽  
Monthly Average ◽  
Weather Observations ◽  
Temperature Observations

AbstractThe International Surface Temperature Initiative is a worldwide effort to locate weather observations, digitize them for public access, and attach provenance to them. As part of that effort, this study sought documents of temperature observations for the nation of Uganda. Although scattered reports were found for the 1890s, consistent record keeping appears to have begun in 1900. Data were keyed in from images of several types of old forms as well as accessed electronically from several sources to extend the time series of 32 stations with at least 4 yr of data back as far as data were available. Important gaps still remain; 1979–93 has virtually no observations from any station. Because many stations were represented by more than one data source, a scheme is described to extract the “best guess” values for each station of monthly averages of the daily maximum, minimum, and mean temperature. A preliminary examination of the national time series indicates that, since the early twentieth century, it appears that Uganda experienced essentially no change in monthly-average daily maximum temperature but did experience a considerable rise in monthly-average daily minimum temperature, concentrated in the last three decades. Because there are many gaps in the data, it is hoped that readers with information on extant data that were not discovered for this study will contact the author or the project so that the data may be archived.

scholarly journals Measuring the Antarctic ozone hole with the new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 2353-2361 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. Kramarova ◽  
E. R. Nash ◽  
P. A. Newman ◽  
P. K. Bhartia ◽  
R. D. McPeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Excellent Agreement ◽  
Vertical Profile ◽  
Total Ozone ◽  
Ozone Hole ◽  
Ozone Concentrations ◽  
The Future ◽  
Antarctic Ozone ◽  
The Antarctic ◽  
Antarctic Ozone Hole

Abstract. The new Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS), which launched on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite in October 2011, gives a detailed view of the development of the Antarctic ozone hole and extends the long series of satellite ozone measurements that go back to the early 1970s. OMPS includes two modules – nadir and limb – to measure profile and total ozone concentrations. The new limb module is designed to measure the vertical profile of ozone between the lowermost stratosphere and the mesosphere. The OMPS observations over Antarctica show excellent agreement with the measurements obtained from independent satellite and ground-based instruments. This validation demonstrates that OMPS data can ably extend the ozone time series over Antarctica in the future. The OMPS observations are used to monitor and characterize the evolution of the 2012 Antarctic ozone hole. While large ozone losses were observed in September 2012, a strong ozone rebound occurred in October and November 2012. This ozone rebound is characterized by rapid increases of ozone at mid-stratospheric levels and a splitting of the ozone hole in early November. The 2012 Antarctic ozone hole was the second smallest on record since 1988.

scholarly journals The unusual persistence of an ozone hole over a southern mid-latitude station during the Antarctic spring 2009: a multi-instrument study

2012 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1435-1449 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Wolfram ◽  
J. Salvador ◽  
F. Orte ◽  
R. D'Elia ◽  
S. Godin-Beekmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Ozone ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Polar Vortex ◽  
Relative Difference ◽  
Atmospheric Composition ◽  
Absolute Difference ◽  
Daily Maximum ◽  
Uv Index ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Ozone Column

Abstract. Record-low ozone column densities (with a minimum of 212 DU) persisted over three weeks at the Río Gallegos NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station (51.5° S, 69.3° W) in November 2009. Total ozone remained two standard deviations below the climatological mean for five consecutive days during this period. The statistical analysis of 30 years of satellite data from the Multi Sensor Reanalysis (MSR) database for Río Gallegos revealed that such a long-lasting low-ozone episode is a rare occurrence. The event is examined using height-resolved ozone lidar measurements at Río Gallegos, and observations from satellite and ground-based instruments. The computed relative difference between the measured total ozone and the climatological monthly mean shows reductions varying between 10 and 30% with an average decrease of 25%. The mean absolute difference of total ozone column with respect to climatological monthly mean ozone column is around 75 DU. Extreme values of the UV index (UVI) were measured at the ground for this period, with the daily maximum UVI of around 13 on 15 and 28 November. The high-resolution MIMOSA-CHIM (Modélisation Isentrope du transport Méso-échelle de l'Ozone Stratosphérique par Advection) model was used to interpret the ozone depletion event. An ozone decrease of about 2 ppmv was observed in mid-November at the 550 K isentropic level (~22 km). The position of Río Gallegos relative to the polar vortex was classified using equivalent latitude maps. During the second week of November, the vortex was over the station at all isentropic levels, but after 20 November and until the end of the month, only the 10 lower levels in the stratosphere were affected by vortex overpasses with ozone poor air masses. A rapid recovery of the ozone column density was observed later, due to an ozone rich filament moving over Río Gallegos between 18 and 24 km in the first two weeks of December 2009.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document