scholarly journals Derivation of groundwater flow-paths based on semi-automatic extraction of lineaments from remote sensing data

2011 ◽  
Vol 15 (8) ◽  
pp. 2665-2678 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Mallast ◽  
R. Gloaguen ◽  
S. Geyer ◽  
T. Rödiger ◽  
C. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Auxiliary Information ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Well Data

Abstract. In this paper we present a semi-automatic method to infer groundwater flow-paths based on the extraction of lineaments from digital elevation models. This method is especially adequate in remote and inaccessible areas where in-situ data are scarce. The combined method of linear filtering and object-based classification provides a lineament map with a high degree of accuracy. Subsequently, lineaments are differentiated into geological and morphological lineaments using auxiliary information and finally evaluated in terms of hydro-geological significance. Using the example of the western catchment of the Dead Sea (Israel/Palestine), the orientation and location of the differentiated lineaments are compared to characteristics of known structural features. We demonstrate that a strong correlation between lineaments and structural features exists. Using Euclidean distances between lineaments and wells provides an assessment criterion to evaluate the hydraulic significance of detected lineaments. Based on this analysis, we suggest that the statistical analysis of lineaments allows a delineation of flow-paths and thus significant information on groundwater movements. To validate the flow-paths we compare them to existing results of groundwater models that are based on well data.

scholarly journals Semi-automatic extraction of lineaments from remote sensing data and the derivation of groundwater flow-paths

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1399-1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Mallast ◽  
R. Gloaguen ◽  
S. Geyer ◽  
T. Rödiger ◽  
C. Siebert
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Aster Gdem ◽  
The Dead ◽  
Probable Origin ◽  
Well Data ◽  
High Degree

Abstract. We describe a semi-automatic method to objectively and reproducibly extract lineaments based on the global one arc-second ASTER GDEM. The combined method of linear filtering and object-based classification ensures a high degree of accuracy resulting in a lineament map. Subsequently lineaments are differentiated into geological and morphological lineaments to assign a probable origin and hence a hydro-geological significance. In the western catchment area of the Dead Sea (Israel) the orientation and location of the differentiated lineaments are compared to characteristics of known structural features. The authors demonstrate that a strong correlation between lineaments and structural features exist, being either influenced by the Syrian Arc paleostress field or the Dead Sea stress field or by both. Subsequently, we analyse the distances between lineaments and wells thereby creating an assessment criterion concerning the hydraulic significance of detected lineaments. Derived from this analysis the authors suggest that the statistic analysis of lineaments allows a delineation of flow-paths and thus significant information for groundwater analysis. We validate the flow-path delineation by comparison with existing groundwater model results based on well data.

scholarly journals Faulting patterns in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge potentially influence groundwater flow paths

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimrod Inbar ◽  
Eliahu Rosenthal ◽  
Fabien Magri ◽  
Marwan Alraggad ◽  
Peter Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Structural Investigations ◽  
Transboundary Water Resources ◽  
Pull Apart Basin

Abstract. Recent studies investigating groundwater parameters, e.g., heads, chemical composition, and heat transfer, argued that groundwater flow paths in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge (LYG) area are controlled by geological features such as faults or dikes. However, the nature of such features, as well as their exact locations, were so far unknown. In the present paper, we propose a new fault pattern in the LYG area by compiling and revising geological and geophysical data from the study area, including borehole information, geological map cross sections, and seismic data from the southern Golan Heights and northern Ajloun mountains. The presented pattern is composed of strike–slip and thrust faults, which are associated with the Dead Sea transform system and with the Kinnarot pull-apart basin. Compressional and tensional structures developed in different places, forming a series of fault blocks probably causing a non-uniform spatial hydraulic connection between them. This study provides a coarse fault-block model and improved structural constraints that serve as fundamental input for future hydrogeological modeling which is a suggested solution for an enigmatic hydrological situation concerning three riparian states (Syria, Jordan, and Israel) in a water-scarce region. In areas of water scarcity and transboundary water resources, transient 3-D flow simulations of the resource are the most appropriate solution to understand reservoir behavior. This is an important tool for the development of management strategies. However, those models must be based on realistic geometry, including structural features. The study at the LYG is intended to show the importance of such kinds of structural investigations for providing the necessary database in geologically stressed areas without sufficient data. Furthermore, during the hydrogeological investigation, a mismatch with results of pull-apart basin rim fault evolution studies was discovered. We argue that this mismatch may result from the settings at the eastern rim of the basin as the en-echelon changes from pull-apart basins (Dead Sea, Kinnarot, Hula) to a push-up ridge (Hermon).

scholarly journals Faulting patterns determining groundwater flow paths in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nimrod Inbar ◽  
Eliahu Rosenthal ◽  
Fabien Magri ◽  
Marwan Alraggad ◽  
Peter Möller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Groundwater Flow ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
Dead Sea ◽  
Structural Constraints ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Dead Sea Transform ◽  
Geological Maps ◽  
Fault Block ◽  
Geological Features

Abstract. Recent studies investigating groundwater parameters e.g. heads, chemical composition and heat transfer, argued that groundwater flow paths in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge area are controlled by geological features such as faults or dikes (Goretzki et al., 2016; Magri et al., 2016; Roded et al., 2013; Siebert et al., 2014). However, the nature of such features as well as their exact locations were previously unknown. In the present manuscript, we propose a new fault pattern in the Lower Yarmouk Gorge area constructed by compiling and revising geological and geophysical data from the study area including borehole information, geological maps cross-sections and seismic data from southern Golan Heights and northern Ajloun Mountain. The presented pattern is composed of strike-slip and thrust faults, which are associated with the Dead Sea Transform system and with the Kinnarot pull-apart basin. Compressional and tensional structures developed in different places forming a series of fault-blocks probably causing a non-uniform spatial hydraulic connection between them. This study provides a coarse fault block model and improved structural constraints that serve as fundamental input for future hydrogeological modelling.

scholarly journals Geomorphology of the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin: A GIS-based approach to hydrogeologic mapping

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255496
Author(s):  
Ross Ensley ◽  
Richard D. Hansen ◽  
Carlos Morales-Aguilar ◽  
Josie Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Western Boundary ◽  
Drainage Basins ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Thin Section Analysis ◽  
Karst Landscapes ◽  
Elevation Model ◽  
Karst Landforms

This paper classifies the karst landscapes of the Petén Plateau and defines the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin by illustrating the distribution of its karst hydrologic features. Archaeological and spatial research of the Mirador-Calakmul area of Guatemala and Mexico has shown it to be a karst basin with geopolitical implications. Current research characterizes the karst landscapes of the Petén Plateau, maps the distribution of karst hydrologic features, and delineates the basin in geomorphological terms. To further this aim, multiple forms of remote sensing data including orthophotographs, a satellite Digital Elevation Model, satellite multispectral images, and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data have been integrated to interpret the karst features in the study area. Outcrop study and thin section analysis of the upper Buena Vista Formation document that the dominant lithologies are a shallow water algal boundstone interbedded with terrestrial caliche. Karst landforms have been mapped over the Petén Plateau and we identify five karst landscapes, the largest of which is a fluviokarst landscape dominated by karst valleys. We further map karst hydrologic features including seasonal swamps, dolines, intermittent lakes, intermittent streams, solution-enhanced fractures, and springs all of which are characteristic of drainage basins. Boundaries of the karst basin are mapped from multiple lines of evidence including distribution of the karst valleys, a line of springs along the western boundary of the fluviokarst landscape, and a surface drainage analysis. We capture and classify hydrologic data points and develop a regional groundwater map that indicates subsurface flow from east to west within the basin. A drainage map illustrates the extensive system of karst valleys, boundaries, and inferred groundwater flow paths of the Mirador-Calakmul Karst Basin. It was within this geomorphological setting that the ancient Maya developed an extensive civilization during the Middle and Late Preclassic periods (1000 BCE-150 CE).

New methodical approaches to mapping of geosystems (by the example of Baikalian Siberia’s geosystems)

2018 ◽  
Vol 937 (7) ◽  
pp. 23-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.N. Vladimirov
Keyword(s):  
Global Climate ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Structural Dynamic ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
North Asia ◽  
Elevation Model

The article considers a new approach to landscape mapping based on the synthesis of remote sensing data of high and medium spatial resolution, a digital elevation model, maps of various thematic contents, a set of global climate data, and materials of field research. The map of the Baikalian’s Siberia geosystems is based on the principles of the multistage regional-typological and structural-dynamic classification of geosystems proposed by Academician V.B. Sochava. The structure of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia is characterized by great complexity, both in the set of natural complexes and in the degree of their contrast. The regional classification range covers the geosystems inherent in different subcontinents of Asia and reflects their interpenetration, being a unique landscape-situational example of Siberian nature within North Asia. The map of the geosystems of the Baikalian Siberia reflects the main structural and dynamic diversity of geosystems in the region in the systems of their geographic and genetic spatial structures. These landscape cartographic studies fit into a single system of geographic forecasting and create a new fundamental scientific basis for developing recommendations for optimizing nature management in the Baikal region within the framework of implementing state environmental policy.

Brazilian aviation nowcasting system: current stage and some results

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinícius Almeida ◽  
Gutemberg França ◽  
Francisco Albuquerque Neto ◽  
Haroldo Campos Velho ◽  
Manoel Almeida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Remote Sensing Data ◽  
Weather Forecast ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
In Situ Data ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
Under Construction ◽  
Convective Weather

<p>Emphasizes some aspects of the aviation forecasting system under construction for use by the integrated meteorological center (CIMAER) in Brazil. It consists of a set of hybrid models based on determinism and machine learning that use remote sensing data (such as lighting sensor, SODAR, satellite and soon RADAR), in situ data (from the surface weather station and radiosonde) and aircraft data (such as retransmission of aircraft weather data and vertical acceleration). The idea is to gradually operationalize the system to assist CIMAER´s meteorologists in generating their nowcasting, for example, of visibility, ceiling, turbulence, convective weather, ice, etc. with objectivity and precision. Some test results of the developed nowcasting models are highlighted as examples of nowcasting namely: a) visibility and ceiling up to 1h for Santos Dumont airport; b) 6-8h convective weather forecast for the Rio de Janeiro area and the São Paulo-Rio de Janeiro route. Finally, the steps in development and the futures are superficially covered.</p>

scholarly journals Enhanced DEM-based flow path delineation methods for urban flood modelling

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 568-579
Author(s):  
J. P. Leitão ◽  
D. Prodanović ◽  
S. Boonya-aroonnet ◽  
Č. Maksimović
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Overland Flow ◽  
Flow Path ◽  
Flow Paths ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Bouncing Ball ◽  
Digital Elevation ◽  
Synthetic Test ◽  
Water Accumulation ◽  
Flooding Events

In order to simulate surface runoff and flooding, one-dimensional (1D) overland flow networks can be automatically delineated using digital elevation models (DEM). The resulting network comprises flow paths and terrain depressions/ponds and is essential to reliably model pluvial (surface) flooding events in urban areas by so-called 1D/1D models. Conventional automatic DEM-based flow path delineation methods have problems in producing realistic overland flow paths when detailed high-resolution DEMs of urban areas are used. The aim of this paper is to present the results of research and development of three enhanced DEM-based overland flow path delineation methods; these methods are triggered when the conventional flow path delineation process stops due to a flow obstacle. Two of the methods, the ‘bouncing ball and buildings’ and ‘bouncing ball and A*’ methods, are based on the conventional ‘bouncing ball’ concept; the third proposed method, the ‘sliding ball’ method, is based on the physical water accumulation concept. These enhanced methods were tested and their results were compared with results obtained using two conventional flow path delineation methods using a semi-synthetic test DEM. The results showed significant improvements in terms of the reliability of the delineated overland flow paths when using these enhanced methods.

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