High-frequency monitoring reveals nutrient sources and transport processes in an agriculture-dominated lowland water system

Abstract. Many agriculture-dominated lowland water systems worldwide suffer from eutrophication caused by high nutrient loads. Insight in the hydrochemical functioning of embanked polder catchments is highly relevant for improving the water quality in such areas. This paper introduces new insights in nutrient sources and transport processes in a low elevated polder in the Netherlands using high-frequency monitoring technology at the outlet, where the water is pumped into a higher situated lake, combined with a low-frequency water quality monitoring program at six locations within the drainage area. Seasonal trends and short scale temporal dynamics in concentrations indicated that the NO3 concentration at the pumping station originated from N-loss from agricultural lands. The NO3 loads appear as losses with drain water discharge after intensive rainfall events during the winter months due to preferential flow through the cracked clay soil. Transfer function-noise modelling of hourly NO3 concentrations reveals that a large part of the dynamics in NO3 concentrations during the winter months can be related to rainfall. The total phosphorus (TP) concentration almost doubled during operation of the pumping station which points to resuspension of particulate P from channel bed sediments induced by changes in water flow due to pumping. Rainfall events that caused peaks in NO3 concentrations did not results in TP concentration peaks. The by rainfall induced and NO3 enriched quick interflow, may also be enriched in TP but this is then buffered in the water system due to sedimentation of particulate P. Increased TP concentrations associated with run-off events is only observed during a rainfall event at the end of a freeze–thaw cycle. All these observations suggest that the P retention potential of polder water systems is highly due to the artificial pumping regime that buffers high flows. As the TP concentration is affected by operation of the pumping station, timing of sampling relative to the operating hours of the pumping station should be accounted for when calculating P export loads, determining trends in water quality or when judging water quality status of polder water systems.

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High-frequency monitoring reveals nutrient sources and transport processes in an agriculture-dominated lowland water system

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-20-1851-2016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 1851-1868 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Bas van der Grift ◽

Hans Peter Broers ◽

Wilbert Berendrecht ◽

Joachim Rozemeijer ◽

Leonard Osté ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

High Frequency ◽

Preferential Flow ◽

Temporal Dynamics ◽

Water Systems ◽

Transport Processes ◽

Rainfall Events ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Pumping Station ◽

Frequency Monitoring

Abstract. Many agriculture-dominated lowland water systems worldwide suffer from eutrophication caused by high nutrient loads. Insight in the hydrochemical functioning of embanked polder catchments is highly relevant for improving the water quality in such areas or for reducing export loads to downstream water bodies. This paper introduces new insights in nutrient sources and transport processes in a polder in the Netherlands situated below sea level using high-frequency monitoring technology at the outlet, where the water is pumped into a higher situated lake, combined with a low-frequency water quality monitoring programme at six locations within the drainage area. Seasonal trends and short-scale temporal dynamics in concentrations indicated that the NO3 concentration at the pumping station originated from N loss from agricultural lands. The NO3 loads appear as losses via tube drains after intensive rainfall events during the winter months due to preferential flow through the cracked clay soil. Transfer function-noise modelling of hourly NO3 concentrations reveals that a large part of the dynamics in NO3 concentrations during the winter months can be related to rainfall. The total phosphorus (TP) concentration and turbidity almost doubled during operation of the pumping station, which points to resuspension of particulate P from channel bed sediments induced by changes in water flow due to pumping. Rainfall events that caused peaks in NO3 concentrations did not results in TP concentration peaks. The rainfall induced and NO3 enriched quick interflow, may also be enriched in TP but retention of TP due to sedimentation of particulate P then results in the absence of rainfall induced TP concentration peaks. Increased TP concentrations associated with run-off events is only observed during a rainfall event at the end of a freeze–thaw cycle. All these observations suggest that the P retention potential of polder water systems is primarily due to the artificial pumping regime that buffers high flows. As the TP concentration is affected by operation of the pumping station, timing of sampling relative to the operating hours of the pumping station should be accounted for when calculating P export loads, determining trends in water quality, or when judging water quality status of polder water systems.

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Evolution of physicochemical species concentration in streams based on heavy rainfall event data obtained for high-frequency monitoring

RBRH ◽

10.1590/2318-0331.011616055 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 653-665

Author(s):

Rubia Girardi ◽

Adilson Pinheiro ◽

Edson Torres ◽

Vander Kaufmann ◽

Luis Hamilton Pospissil Garbossa

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Level ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

High Frequency ◽

Heavy Rainfall ◽

Rainfall Event ◽

Heavy Rainfall Event ◽

Rainfall Events ◽

Frequency Monitoring ◽

Heavy Rainfall Events

ABSTRACT Studies carried out over short time intervals assist in understanding the biogeochemical processes occurring relatively fast in natural waters. High frequency monitoring shows a greater variability in the water quality during and immediately after heavy rainfall events. This paper presents an assessment of the surface water quality parameters in the Atlantic Forest biome, caused by heavy rainfall events. The work was developed in two fluviometric sections of the Concordia River watershed, located in the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil. The spatial distribution of land use shows the predominance of Atlantic Forest in fluviometric section 1 (FS1) and pasture, forestry, agriculture, and Atlantic Forest in fluviometric section 2 (FS2). In each selected heavy rainfall event, the evolution rainfall height, the water level, and physicochemical parameters of water were analyzed. In all events, the water quality changed due to the heavy rainfall. After the events, an increase in water level and turbidity in both fluviometric sections were detected. In addition, the ammonium ion concentration increased in the river, and the pH value and nitrate concentration decreased. The electrical conductivity presented different behavior in each section. The dissolved oxygen concentration increased in 19 of 27 events. The principal component (PC1) correlated with the turbidity in FS1, and it correlated with level, turbidity, and pH in FS2.

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Sewers and the Quality of Canals and Ditches in Amsterdam

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0486 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 27 (5-6) ◽

pp. 61-67 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Jacobs ◽

J. W. van Sluis

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

Sediment Quality ◽

Water System ◽

Water Systems ◽

Sewer System ◽

Water And Sediment ◽

Combined Sewer ◽

Water And Sediment Quality

The surface water system of Amsterdam is very complicated. Of two characteristic types of water systems the influences on water and sediment quality are investigated. The importance of the sewer output to the total loads is different for both water systems. In a polder the load from the sewers is much more important than in the canal basin. Measures to reduce the emission from the sewers are much more effective in a polder. The effect of these measures on sediment quality is more than the effect on water quality. Some differences between a combined sewer system and a separate sewer system can be found in sediment quality.

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High-frequency monitoring reveals seasonal and event-scale water quality variation in a temporally frozen river

Journal of Hydrology ◽

10.1016/j.jhydrol.2018.07.037 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 564 ◽

pp. 619-639 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. Kämäri ◽

S. Tattari ◽

E. Lotsari ◽

J. Koskiaho ◽

C.E.M. Lloyd

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

High Frequency ◽

Event Scale ◽

Water Quality Variation ◽

Frequency Monitoring ◽

Quality Variation

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High-frequency monitoring of surface water quality at the outlet of the Ibrahim River (Lebanon): A multivariate assessment

Ecological Indicators ◽

10.1016/j.ecolind.2019.04.061 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 13-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Paula El Najjar ◽

Amine Kassouf ◽

Anne Probst ◽

Jean-Luc Probst ◽

Naim Ouaini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Surface Water ◽

High Frequency ◽

Surface Water Quality ◽

Frequency Monitoring

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The Water Quality of the River Enborne, UK: Observations from High-Frequency Monitoring in a Rural, Lowland River System

Water ◽

10.3390/w6010150 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 150-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

Sarah Halliday ◽

Richard Skeffington ◽

Michael Bowes ◽

Emma Gozzard ◽

Jonathan Newman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

High Frequency ◽

River System ◽

Lowland River ◽

Frequency Monitoring

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Drivers of nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in a groundwater-fed urban catchment revealed by high frequency monitoring

10.5194/hess-2020-34 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Liang Yu ◽

Joachim C. Rozemeijer ◽

Hans Peter Broers ◽

Boris M. van Breukelen ◽

Jack J. Middelburg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Water Column ◽

High Frequency ◽

Water Bodies ◽

Organic N ◽

Hydrological Process ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Urban Catchment ◽

Event Scale ◽

Frequency Monitoring

Abstract. Eutrophication of water bodies has been a problem causing severe degradation of water quality in cities. To gain mechanistic understanding of the temporal dynamics of nitrogen and phosphorus in a groundwater fed low-lying urban polder, we applied high frequency monitoring in Geuzenveld, a polder in the city of Amsterdam. The high frequency monitoring equipment was installed at the pumping station where water leaves the polder. From 2016 March to 2017 June, total phosphorus (TP), ammonium (NH4), turbidity, electrical conductivity (EC), and water temperature were measured at intervals smaller than 20 minutes. This paper discusses the results at three time scales: annual scale, rain event scale, and single pumping event scale. Mixing of upwelling groundwater and runoff was the dominant hydrological process and governed the temporal pattern of the EC, while N and P fluxes from the polder were also significantly regulated by primary production and iron transformations. The mixing of groundwater and runoff water governed water quality through variation of the intensity and duration of the events. For NH4, the dominant form of N in surface water originating from groundwater seepage, we observed low concentrations during the algae growing season, while concentrations were governed by mixing of groundwater and precipitation inputs in the late autumn and winter. The depletion of dissolved NH4 in spring suggests uptake by primary producers, consistent with high chlorophyll-a, O2, and suspended solids during this period. Total P and turbidity were high during winter, due to the release of reduced iron and P from anoxic sediment to the water column. Rapid Fe2+ oxidation in the water column is the major cause of turbidity. In the other seasons, P is retained in the sediment by iron oxides. Nitrogen is exported from the polder to the downstream water bodies throughout the whole year, mostly in the form of NH4, but as organic N in spring. P leaves the polder mainly during winter, primarily associated with Fe(OH)3 colloids and as dissolved P. Based on this new understanding of the dynamics of N and P in this low lying urban catchment, it is possible to formulate management strategies that can effectively control and reduce eutrophication situation in urban polders and receiving downstream waters.

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Toward a comprehensive explanatory model of reliance on alternatives to the tap: evidence from California's retail water stores

Journal of Water and Health ◽

10.2166/wh.2019.289 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 17 (3) ◽

pp. 455-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Gregory Pierce ◽

Larry Lai

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Tap Water ◽

Water System ◽

Water Systems ◽

Water Quality Standards ◽

Explanatory Factors ◽

Premise Plumbing ◽

Education Campaigns ◽

The Relationship ◽

Secondary Contamination

Abstract Building on a recent increase in scholarly attention to the problem of tap water mistrust and resulting negative health impacts, we examine the relationship between neighborhood reliance on tap water alternatives and a range of explanatory factors. We model retail water store locations as a proxy for reliance on tap water alternatives in urbanized neighborhoods across California. Our study is unique in its inclusion of variables representing both compliance with primary and secondary water quality standards by publicly regulated drinking water systems serving particular neighborhoods, other water system attributes and the socioeconomic characteristics of neighborhoods. The location of retail water stores in urbanized neighborhoods does not appear strongly related to observed measures of water quality. Secondary contamination shows a weak relationship to tap alternative reliance, and primary contamination was not correlated with higher levels of tap alternative reliance. On the other hand, our research suggests that other socioeconomic factors, particularly country of birth, are associated with the prevalence of more water stores. Increasing reliance on tap water likely requires measuring and addressing secondary contamination found in distributional systems and premise plumbing, and more aggressive public education campaigns.

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