scholarly journals THREE-DIMENSIONAL SURVEY OF GUATTARI CAVE WITH TRADITIONAL AND MOBILE PHONE CAMERAS

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W11 ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alessandri ◽  
V. Baiocchi ◽  
S. Del Pizzo ◽  
F. Di Ciaccio ◽  
M. Onori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Reference System ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Fisheye Lens ◽  
Gnss Receiver ◽  
Double Frequency

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Sometimes, the georeferencing of a cave in the global reference system can be challenging. Some difficulties may arise when narrow passages do not allow the use of classical topographic equipment or a terrestrial laser scanner. In these specific cases, the surveyor can employ a visual-based approach to produce both the followed path and the 3D model of the hypogeum. The report we are presenting is the result of a survey in the Guattari cave carried out using images taken by a Huawei P9 mobile phone and a Nikon D800E camera with a 16&amp;thinsp;mm fisheye lens. Several targets were measured in order to contain the deformation of the models. Three GCPs located just outside the cave have been used to georeference the models. The data have been acquired by a double frequency GNSS receiver in static session mode. The comparison between the two models shows a substantial concordance only in the area outside the cave where the GCPs were measured. In the innermost areas, the two models differ by as much as two meters.</p>

scholarly journals PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SURVEY WITH FISHEYE LENS FOR THE CHARACTERIZATION OF THE LA SASSA CAVE

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W9 ◽  
pp. 25-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Alessandri ◽  
V. Baiocchi ◽  
S. Del Pizzo ◽  
M. F. Rolfo ◽  
S. Troisi
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Fisheye Lens ◽  
Lazio Region ◽  
Double Frequency ◽  
Human Bones ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Global Reference Frame

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The survey of ancient cave can generally be performed by traditional topographic methods that allow also its georeferencing in a global reference frame; some difficulties may arise when there are narrow tunnels that do not consent the use of a total station or a terrestrial laser scanner. In such cases a visual-based approach can be used to produce, both the followed path and the 3D model of the hypogeal environment. A prompt photogrammetric survey has been used to reconstruct the morphology of the La Sassa Cave, situated in the municipality of Sonnino (Latina), in the lower Lazio region. In this cave, a very large quantity of Pleistocene animal bones was found, together with several fragments of Copper Age human bones and Bronze Age impasto potsherds.</p><p> The survey was carried out using a DSLR full frame camera Nikon D800E with a Nikkor 16<span class="thinspace"></span>mm fisheye lens pre-calibrated. During the acquisition, several targets were measured in order to contain the deformations model. The photogrammetric model has been georeferenced using 3 GCPs positioned outside the cave entrance where a double frequency GNSS receiver has acquired data in static session mode.</p>

scholarly journals Comparison of Depth Camera and Terrestrial Laser Scanner in Monitoring Structural Deflections

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Michael Bekele Maru ◽  
Donghwan Lee ◽  
Kassahun Demissie Tola ◽  
Seunghee Park
Keyword(s):  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Point Clouds ◽  
Depth Camera ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Cloud Data ◽  
3D Point Clouds ◽  
3D Information

Modeling a structure in the virtual world using three-dimensional (3D) information enhances our understanding, while also aiding in the visualization, of how a structure reacts to any disturbance. Generally, 3D point clouds are used for determining structural behavioral changes. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) is one of the crucial ways by which a 3D point cloud dataset can be generated. Additionally, 3D cameras are commonly used to develop a point cloud containing many points on the external surface of an object around it. The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of optical sensors, namely a depth camera (DC) and terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) in estimating structural deflection. We also utilized bilateral filtering techniques, which are commonly used in image processing, on the point cloud data for enhancing their accuracy and increasing the application prospects of these sensors in structure health monitoring. The results from these sensors were validated by comparing them with the outputs from a linear variable differential transformer sensor, which was mounted on the beam during an indoor experiment. The results showed that the datasets obtained from both the sensors were acceptable for nominal deflections of 3 mm and above because the error range was less than ±10%. However, the result obtained from the TLS were better than those obtained from the DC.

Accuracy assessment of a mobile terrestrial laser scanner for tree crops

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. H. S. Karp ◽  
A. F. Colaço ◽  
R. G. Trevisan ◽  
J. P. Molin
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Accuracy Assessment ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Tree Crops ◽  
Area Estimation ◽  
Gnss Receiver ◽  
Truncated Cone ◽  
Set Up

LiDAR technology is one option to collect spatial data about canopy geometry in many crops. However, the method of data acquisition includes many errors related to the LiDAR sensor, the GNSS receiver and the data acquisition set up. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the errors involved in the data acquisition from a mobile terrestrial laser scanner (MTLS). Regular shaped objects were scanned with a developed MTLS in two different tests: i) with the system mounted on a vehicle and ii) with the system mounted on a platform running over a rail. The errors of area estimation varied between 0.001 and 0.071 m2 for the circle, square and triangle objects. The errors on volume estimations were between 0.0003 and 0.0017 m3, for cylinders and truncated cone.

scholarly journals 3D MODELS OF OBJECTS IN PROCESS OF RECONSTRUCTION

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jovana Radović
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Laser System ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Accurate Data ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Airborne Laser

Within the last years terrestrial and airborne laser scanning has become a powerful technique for fast and efficient three-dimensional data acquisition of different kinds of objects. Airborne laser system (LiDAR) collects accurate georeferenced data of extremely large areas very quickly while the terrestrial laser scanner produces dense and geometrically accurate data. The combination of these two segments of laser scanning provides different areas of application. One of the applications is in the process of reconstruction of objects. Objects recorded with laser scanning technology and transferred into the final model represent the basis for building an object as it was original. In this paper, there will be shown two case studies based on usage of airborne and terrestrial laser scanning and processing of the data collected by them.

scholarly journals Accuracy Analysis Of Three Dimensional Models Of Building Prof. H. Soedarto S. H. Using The Terrestrial Laser Scanner Technology Based On Traverse Method

Teknik ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Yudo Prasetyo
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Accuracy Analysis ◽  
Dimensional Models ◽  
Data Point ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Teknologi dokumentasi gedung secara spasial untuk konservasi dan perencanaan tata ruang semakin berkembang pesat. Urgensi tingkat ketelitian dalam suatu pengukuran juga dituntut semakin tinggi. Salah satu teknologi pembentukan objek tiga dimensi yang berkembang saat ini adalah Terrestrial Laser Scanner (TLS). Metode pengukuran TLS terdiri atas 4 metode yaitu: Cloud to Cloud, Target to Target, Traverse, dan metode kombinasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa tingkat ketelitian metode Traverse dalam pengukuran suatu objek model tiga dimensi untuk keperluan dokumentasi gedung menggunakan TLS.Ketelitian metode Traverse akan diujikan pada Gedung Prof. H. Soedarto, S. H. Tingkat ketelitiannya diujikan pada dua parameter yakni hasil metode registrasi dan hasil visualisasi model tiga dimensi. Hasil analisis pengolahan data point cloud menunjukkan bahwa alat TLS dengan metode Traverse dapat digunakan untuk menghasilkan model tiga dimensi Gedung Prof. Sudarto, S. H. Nilai rata-rata validasi yang diperoleh adalah sebesar 0,004 meter dengan besaran ketelitian model RMSE sebesar ±0,00611 meter. 

scholarly journals Application of Terrestrial Laser Scanner to Evaluate the Influence of Root Collar Geometry on Stump Height after Mechanized Forest Operations

Forests ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Labelle ◽  
Joachim Heppelmann ◽  
Herbert Borchert
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Forest Operations ◽  
Different Characteristics ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Root Collar ◽  
Stump Diameter

The height of tree stumps following mechanized forest operations can be influenced by machine-, tree-, terrain-, and operator-related characteristics. High stumps may pose different economic and technical disadvantages. Aside from a reduction in product recovery (often associated with sawlog potential), leaving high stumps can complicate future entries if smaller equipment with low ground clearance is used, particularly in the case where new machine operating trails are required. The objective of this exploratory study was to examine if correlations existed between the height of tree stumps following mechanized harvesting and the shape of the above-ground root collar, stump diameter, and distance to the machine operating trail. In total, 202 sample stumps of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) and the surrounding terrain were scanned with a terrestrial laser scanner. The collected data was processed into a 3D-model and then analyzed. Stump height was compared with different characteristics such as stump diameter at the cut surface, distance to the machine operating trail, number of visible root flares per stump, and the root collar. The number of root flares per stump had a positive influence on stump diameter and height, showing a general trend of increasing diameter and height with the increasing number of root flares. Root angles also had an influence on the stump diameter. The diameter of a stump and the shape of the root collar at the cut surface together had a significant effect on stump height and the model reported explained half of the variation of stump heights. Taken together, these findings suggest that other factors than the ones studied can also contribute in influencing stump height during mechanized harvesting operations. Further investigations, including pre- and post-harvest scans of trees selected for removal, are warranted.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of an architectural object. Case study: Citadel fort No. 33 “Krakus” in Krakow

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 ◽  
pp. 00010
Author(s):  
Izabela Piech ◽  
Boguslawa Kwoczynska ◽  
Artur Ciszewski
Keyword(s):  
Point Cloud ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Dimensional Model ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Laser Measurements ◽  
The University

The aim of the study was to recreate, in the form of a 3D model, the Citadel fort No. 33 “Krakus” in Krakow. The data on the basis of which the three-dimensional model was made were obtained using a Leica ScanStation P40 terrestrial laser scanner, which is owned by the Faculty of Environmental Engineering and Geodesy of the University of Agriculture Hugona Kollataj in Krakow. The scope of field work included performing laser measurements, and then processing the point cloud in the Leica Cyclone 3D program and creating a full architectural model in SketchUp 2016.

3D Reconstruction of Mining Area Based on Terrestrial Laser Scanner and Calculation of Extraction

2013 ◽  
Vol 325-326 ◽  
pp. 1787-1791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hang Chen ◽  
Zhang Ying ◽  
Zhen Feng Shao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Du
Keyword(s):  
3D Reconstruction ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
3D Model ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanning ◽  
Mining Area ◽  
New Method ◽  
Terrestrial Laser Scanner ◽  
Surveying And Mapping

This paper analyzes the characteristics of terrestrial laser scanning technology and it's advantages of surveying and mapping application in mining area. Through the analysis of the specific topographical features of mining area, we design a new method in measurement based on the terrestrial laser scanning technology, and probe into the methods of 3D reconstruction and calculation of extraction. Experiments show that the proposed method can improve the efficiency of surveying and mapping in mining area , the 3D model can be used to monitor the extraction of mining area.

scholarly journals Assessment of Tuff Sea Cliff Stability Integrating Geological Surveys and Remote Sensing. Case History from Ventotene Island (Southern Italy)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruberti Daniela ◽  
Marino Ermanno ◽  
Pignalosa Antonio ◽  
Romano Pasquale ◽  
Vigliotti Marco
Keyword(s):  
3D Model ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Laser Scanner ◽  
Fracture Network ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
South Italy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Data Acquisition And Processing ◽  
Sea Cliff

This study provides a detailed integrated analysis of the erosional processes affecting the volcanoclastic headlands of a pocket beach, of a typical Tyrrhenian volcanic island (Ventotene, south Italy). It compares the survey carried out in 2012 and the recent landslides that occurred in 2018–2020. The studied tuff cliff is characterised by steep, up to overhanging walls affected by a fracture network, which locally isolates blocks in precarious equilibrium. The stability conditions of the southern Cala Nave Bay sea cliff were evaluated by integrating a geological field survey, structural analysis of discontinuities, and a detailed topographic survey consisting of a terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) and photogrammetry data acquisition and processing, providing a three-dimensional (3D) model of the sea cliff. The 3D model of the area affected by the recent landslides was created using proximity photogrammetry, the Structure for Motion (SfM) methodology. The fracture network was represented by using high-resolution digital models and projected to realize geostructural vertical mapping of the cliff. The data acquired in 2012 were more recently compared with further surveys carried out, following rock failures that occurred in winter 2019–2020. The detachment planes and failure modalities coincide perfectly with the ones previously assessed. The applied techniques and the comparison with the recent rock failures have proven to be important in defining these conditions to address risk mitigation interventions.

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