scholarly journals CHINA’S MISSION IN SURVEYING，MAPPING AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION DURING GLOBAL GOVERNANCE

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-3 ◽  
pp. 629-632
Author(s):  
D. Jia ◽  
C. Xue ◽  
X. Chen
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Location Services ◽  
New Era ◽  
Public Products ◽  
External Assistance ◽  
The One ◽  
Surveying And Mapping

In the new era, it is proposed that China should be transformed from a participant and a cooperator into a designer, an impeller and a leader, continue taking an effect of responsible great power, increase public product supply, perfect a global governance system and contribute to China’s wisdom and China’s schemes during global governance, thus surveying and mapping geographic information takes on great mission. On the one hand, we have to timely grasp global geographic information data resources to provide an important scientific data support for China’s wisdom and China’s schemes. On the other hand, we have to provide surveying and mapping geographic information infrastructure construction and public products for developing countries, support location services within a global territorial scope, and realize the smoothness of talent flow, material flow and information flow between China and countries in the world. Meanwhile, external assistance and international communication and cooperation of surveying and mapping geographic information are also enhanced, and popularization and application of a geographic information technology in underdeveloped countries and regions are promoted.

Sustainable Development in a Global Context: A Success or a Nuisance?

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed El-Kamel Bakari
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Global Trade ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The North ◽  
Similar Vein ◽  
The One

AbstractThis article argues that the evolution of, and challenges to, sustainable development cannot be understood completely outside its contemporary global context, consisting mainly of three interconnected spheres, i.e., the global governance system, the North-South debate, and global trade liberalization. As the boundaries of these three spheres get more and more blurred in a context of an intensifying globalization, the project of sustainable development is very often faced with obstacles that set back its evolution and might very well bring it to a halt. Above all, sustainable development is now caught in the crossfire between the push for exponential economic growth, on the one hand, and a compelling need to reverse catastrophic ecological threats and social exigencies, on the other. More often than not, the current structure and scope of global governance constitutes more of a hindrance than a help to the emerging paradigm of sustainable development. Accordingly, this article seeks to pinpoint the different challenges to the implementation of sustainable development in the field of global governance and to discuss to what extent these challenges are inherent in the structure and scope of this system. In a similar vein, this article examines and discusses the challenges to sustainability within two other highly interrelated spheres, namely global trade and the North-South politics. With this end in view, a special focus is placed throughout this paper on the interconnectedness of, and overlap between, these three global spheres and the determinant role played by the major actors therein.

scholarly journals Design of cooperative update mechanism of national geographic conditions monitoring and basic surveying and mapping

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Fujun Luo ◽  
Yousong Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Image Interpretation ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
National Geographic ◽  
Internal Work ◽  
Field Verification ◽  
Collection Data ◽  
Geographical Elements ◽  
The One ◽  
Surveying And Mapping

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> National geographic conditions monitoring and basic surveying and mapping are two important tasks of the surveying and mapping department, and they are similar in production organization and technology realization. In the process of operation, both of them need to carry out internal collection, base map production, field verification and so on. It is operationally feasible to carry out cooperative production of national geographic conditions monitoring and basic surveying and mapping. From the perspective of technical process and method, both of them are carried out by combination internal and field work. Firstly, based on remote sensing images and thematic geographic data, the internal work will perform image interpretation and obtain staged results data. Then, the field verification will be carried out to make judgments and adjustments. Finally, the results of the field verification will be transferred back to the internal work, and the data will be further edited and organized in the internal work to obtain the final data.</p><p>Basic surveying and mapping focuses on abstract representation of the real world, but lacks comprehensive integration of information and in-depth knowledge mining. National geographic condition monitoring focuses on the spatial distribution, characteristics and interrelations of natural and human geographical elements on the surface. There are many differences between basic surveying and mapping and national geographic conditions monitoring in the content and index of data collection, data stratification and element attribute. But basic surveying and mapping results are the basic data for national geographic conditions monitoring and national geographic conditions monitoring data is an important update data source for basic surveying and mapping.</p><p>On the one hand, part of the geographic information can be updated on the basis of extracting relevant basic geographic information element data and attribute information, On the other hand, timely basic geographic information data can be used as the direct basis for the collection of geographic information.</p><p>This paper designs the technical methods and workflow of the cooperative update mechanism based on the relevant technical documents of national geographic conditions monitoring and basic surveying and mapping. It will enable one-time acquisition of data needed for the national geographic conditions monitoring and basic surveying and mapping, "one-time collection, classification and utilization". It will save a lot of time and effort, reduce workload and improve productivity.</p>

The Politicization of Authority beyond the Nation State

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
World Politics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Societal Actors ◽  
The One

This chapter argues that the notion of international cooperation as a purely executive, legal, or technocratic matter misses some decisive features of world politics today. International institutions are seen not only by political, but also by societal actors as political institutions exercising public authority requiring legitimacy. Two broad claims are tested. According to the first, the politicization of international institutions can be ascribed to the patterns of authority in the global governance system. The more political authority international institutions exercise, the more attention they attract, the more actors participate in debates and the more polarization in opinions takes place. The second broad claim is that politicization is a double-edged sword. On the one hand, it leads to a broadening of legitimation efforts including participatory and fairness-based narratives. On the other hand, politicization may also lead to a significant legitimacy gap that can undermine the authorities as a whole.

Counter-Institutionalization in the Global Governance System

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Rising Powers ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Double Standards ◽  
Unequal Distribution ◽  
System P ◽  
The One

States increasingly contest international institutions by “counter-institutionalization.” This comes in two forms. Counter-Institutionalization by Incumbent States (CMALL 4) means regime shifting and competitive regime creation. Incumbent states build and use parallel governance forums, especially when the dominant institution exercises authority on the basis of the “one-state, one-vote” principle. In that way, Western states insist on institutionalized inequality, asking for a global governance system that gives them a privileged role and allows for double standards. The costs of this strategy are significant. Rising powers also use the strategy of counter-institutionalization. They aim at changing existing, Western-biased institutions. Counter-Institutionalization by Rising Powers (CMALL 3) aims at voice—not at exit or loyalty. At the same time, there is an ongoing suspicion that stronger international institutions are instruments of Western dominance and help to prolong an unequal distribution of benefits. This tension leads to ambiguous responses, unified by the struggle against institutionalized inequality.

Conclusion

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Political System ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Causal Mechanisms

This chapter summarizes the argument of the book. It recapitulates the global governance as a political system founded on normative principles and reflexive authorities in order to identify the legitimation problems built into it; it points to the explanation of the rise of societal politicization and counter-institutionalization via causal mechanisms highlighting the endogenous dynamics of that global governance system; and, it sums up the conditions under which the subsequent processes of legitimation and delegitimation lead to the system’s decline or to a deepening of it. In addition, the conclusion submits that the arguments put forward in this book are in line with a newly emerging paradigm in International Relations. A “global politics paradigm” is increasingly complementing the “cooperation under anarchy paradigm” which has been dominant for around five decades. The chapter finishes with suggestions of areas for further research.

The Theoretical Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Historical Institutionalism ◽  
Governance System ◽  
State Consent

The authority–legitimation link states that international institutions exercising authority need to nurture the belief in their legitimacy. The authority–legitimation link points to fundamental challenges for the global governance system: with the rise of international authorities that are, at the same time, more intrusive, state consent is undermined and societies are affected directly. Consequently, legitimation problems arise, followed by processes of delegitimation, which then trigger responses by the challenged institutions. Using concepts of historical institutionalism, it is argued in this chapter that the authority–legitimation link produces reactive sequences either via the route of societal politicization or via counter-institutionalization by states. These reactive sequences may result in either a decline or a deepening of global governance depending on the responses of authority holders.

Legitimation Problems

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
Global Governance ◽  
International Institutions ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Social Purpose ◽  
International Authority ◽  
Legitimacy Beliefs

Political and epistemic authorities in the global governance system often restrain the freedom of constituent members and therefore need to be justified with reference to the impartial pursuit of a shared social purpose. An international authority must therefore develop a convincing legitimation narrative and display a sense of impartiality to be seen as legitimate. The thrust of the argument in this chapter is that the legitimacy of the global governance system is structurally precarious. Two legitimation problems can be identified: a technocratic bias in the justification of authority and the lack of impartiality in the exercise of authority. International institutions often have authority, but lack sufficient legitimacy beliefs.

Reflexive Authorities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Zürn
Keyword(s):  
International Relations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Separation Of Powers ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
State Actors

In this chapter, authority is developed as key concept for analyzing the global governance system. Max Weber’s foundational treatment is used to capture the paradox involved in the notion of “voluntary subordination.” Building on this foundation, the concept of reflexive authority is elaborated in contrast to two other concepts that have prevailed in international relations so far. The argument is laid out against the background of the global governance context, one in which the authority holders are in many respects weaker than most state actors. Two types of reflexive authority are identified: epistemic and political authority. Finally, the interplay between different authorities in global governance is analyzed to identify the major features of the global governance system. It is—to put it in the shortest possible form—a system of only loosely coupled spheres of authorities that is not coordinated by a meta-authority and lacks a proper separation of powers.

scholarly journals Research on Modern Marine Environmental Governance in China: Subject Identification, Structural Characteristics, and Operational Mechanisms

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 4485
Author(s):  
Qi Chen ◽  
Huijuan Yu ◽  
Yezhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Governance Structure ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Operational Mechanism ◽  
The One ◽  
Process Coordination ◽  
Marine Environmental

Under the guidance of modern environmental governance concepts, there have been profound changes in the subject, structure, and operational mechanism of the modern marine environmental governance in China. This paper first classifies the subjects of modern marine environmental governance in China, as well as their relationships; analyses the structural characteristics from the three levels of rights, society, and region; explores the operational mechanism; and builds the framework of the modern marine environmental governance system in China. Both the central and local governments act as the leaders of the modern marine environmental governance system in China, and there have been many new changes in their relationships. On the one hand, the interest and goals of the central and local governments have gradually converged under the pressure system. On the other hand, local governments follow the principles of comprehensive governance regarding the coastline and collaborative cooperation is gradually beginning to occur. Different governance subjects are interrelated and intertwined to form a complete modern marine environmental governance structure, which includes the following three levels: the governmental power structure; the social structure, which involves collaboration between multiple entities; and the regional structure, which involves land-sea coordination in environmental governance. These structures each play their parts in the overall process of the marine environmental governance’s institutional arrangements, process coordination, and feedback adjustments and ultimately constitute a dynamic and complete modern marine environmental governance operational system.

scholarly journals A modified NK algorithm based on BP neural network and DEMATEL for evolution path optimization of urban innovation ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruijian Liu ◽  
Fangcheng Tang ◽  
Yuhan Wang ◽  
Shaofang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Bp Neural Network ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Innovation Network ◽  
Governance System ◽  
Innovation Ecosystem ◽  
Governance Capacity ◽  
New Era ◽  
Evolution Path ◽  
Simulation Results

AbstractIn the new era, the key measure to accelerate the construction of smart city, so as to promote the modernization of urban governance system and governance capacity, is to establish a good urban innovation ecosystem, and guide its continuous evolution to the direction of the highest efficiency and the best performance. Focusing on solving the practical problem of “how the urban innovation ecosystem evolves”, this paper develops a NK algorithm using BP neural network and DEMATEL method. First, through literature research, constructing the urban innovation ecosystem including five subsystems of innovation talents, innovation subjects, innovation resources, innovation environment and innovation network. Then, taking Beijing as an example, the weights and the number of epistatic relationships of each subsystem in its innovation ecosystem are calculated by BP neural network and DEMATEL method, and the NK model is modified; on this basis, the fitness values corresponding to different states of the system are calculated using MATLAB software, and the optimal evolution path of Beijing innovation ecosystem is determined through the comparison of 100,000 simulation results. The results show that the optimal evolution path of Beijing's innovation ecosystem is to create a favorable environment and culture for innovation first; then increase the input of innovation resources; and then promote the development of innovation network assets; on this basis, cultivate, attract and retain innovative talents; and finally strengthen the construction of innovation subjects.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document