IDENTIFYING LAND USE AND LAND COVER (LULC) CHANGE FROM 2000 TO 2025 DRIVEN BY TOURISM GROWTH: A STUDY CASE IN BALI

Abstract. Bali has been open to tourism since the beginning of the 20th century and is known as the first tourist destination in Indonesia. The Denpasar, Badung, Gianyar, and Tabanan (Sarbagita) areas experience the most rapid growth of tourism activity in Bali. This rapid tourism growth has caused land use and land cover (LULC) to change drastically. This study mapped the land-use change in Bali from 2000 to 2025. The land change modeller (LCM) tool in ArcGIS was employed to conduct this analysis. The images were classified into agricultural land, open area, mangrove, vegetation/forest, and built-up area. Some Landsat images in 2000 and 2015 were exploited in predicting the land use and land cover (LULC) change in 2019 and 2025. To measure the accuracy of prediction, Landsat 8 OLI images for 2019 were classified and tested to verify the LULC model for 2019. The Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network was trained with two influencing factors: elevation and road network. The result showed that the built-up growth direction expanded from the Denpasar area to the neighbouring areas, and land was converted from agriculture, open area and vegetation/forest to built-up for all observation years. The built-up was predicted growing up to 43 % from 2015 to 2025. This model could support decision-makers in issuing a policy for monitoring LULC since the Kappa coefficients were more than 80% for all models.

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Monitoring Land Encroachment and Land Use & Land Cover (LULC) Change in The Pachhua Dun, Dehradun District Using Landsat Images 1989 and 2020

JGISE Journal of Geospatial Information Science and Engineering ◽

10.22146/jgise.64857 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 71

Author(s):

Rahul Thapa ◽

Vijay Bahuguna

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Change Detection ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Rate Of Change ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Global Changes ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Lulc Change

Remote sensing and G.I.S help acquire information on changing land use and land cover (LULC), and it plays a pivotal role in measuring and monitoring such local and global changes. The present analysis has been executed on Landsat 5 TM, 1989 and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS, 2020 images of Pachhua Dun, including Dehradun & Mussoorie urban agglomeration. The present study aims to detect the land encroachment or area of change; rate of change and monitoring spatio-temporal variation in LULC change between 1989-2020 using change detection technique, supervised maximum likelihood classification, and Overall accuracy & Kappa Coefficient (K) was applied as an accuracy assessment tool. The results derived from the change detection analysis exhibits that the highest growth rate was recorded in built-up areas +247.75% (110 km2) and revealed the annual rate of change of 3.55 km2. or 7.99%, the highest among all LULC class during the overall study period of 31 years. The result also found that among all LULC class, the most significant LULC conversion took place from agricultural land to built-up areas followed by open/scrubland and vegetation/forest cover; approximately 69.9km2 of the area under agricultural land was found to be converted into built-up areas. At the same time, 38.9 km2 area of vegetation/forest cover and 36.3 km2 of the area of open/scrubland have converted into agricultural land. Rising anthropogenic influence and unsustainable land-use practices in the study area have led to a large-scale human encroachment and rapid transformation of the natural landscape into the cultural landscape. This analysis provides the essential long-term Geospatial information related to LULC change for making optimum decision-making process and sustainable land-use planning in the Pachhua Dun-Dehradun District, Uttarakhand, India.

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Spatial-Temporal Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Urban Areas Using Remote Sensing Images and GIS Analysis: The Case Study of Opole, Poland

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences11080312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 312

Author(s):

Barbara Wiatkowska ◽

Janusz Słodczyk ◽

Aleksandra Stokowska

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Satellite Imagery ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Management Procedures

Urban expansion is a dynamic and complex phenomenon, often involving adverse changes in land use and land cover (LULC). This paper uses satellite imagery from Landsat-5 TM, Landsat-8 OLI, Sentinel-2 MSI, and GIS technology to analyse LULC changes in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020. The research was carried out in Opole, the capital of the Opole Agglomeration (south-western Poland). Maps produced from supervised spectral classification of remote sensing data revealed that in 20 years, built-up areas have increased about 40%, mainly at the expense of agricultural land. Detection of changes in the spatial pattern of LULC showed that the highest average rate of increase in built-up areas occurred in the zone 3–6 km (11.7%) and above 6 km (10.4%) from the centre of Opole. The analysis of the increase of built-up land in relation to the decreasing population (SDG 11.3.1) has confirmed the ongoing process of demographic suburbanisation. The paper shows that satellite imagery and GIS can be a valuable tool for local authorities and planners to monitor the scale of urbanisation processes for the purpose of adapting space management procedures to the changing environment.

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Dynamics of forage and land cover changes in Teltele district of Borana rangelands, southern Ethiopia: using geospatial and field survey data

BMC Ecology ◽

10.1186/s12898-020-00320-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Yeneayehu Fenetahun ◽

Wang Yong-dong ◽

Yuan You ◽

Xu Xinwen

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Biomass Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Southern Ethiopia ◽

Forest Land ◽

Lulc Change ◽

Grass Land ◽

Land Use Types ◽

Bare Land

Abstract Background The gradual conversion of rangelands into other land use types is one of the main challenges affecting the sustainable management of rangelands in Teltele. This study aimed to examine the changes, drivers, trends in land use and land cover (LULC), to determine the link between the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) and forage biomass and the associated impacts of forage biomass production dynamics on the Teltele rangelands in Southern Ethiopia. A Combination of remote sensing data, field interviews, discussion and observations data were used to examine the dynamics of LULC between 1992 and 2019 and forage biomass production. Results The result indicate that there is a marked increase in farm land (35.3%), bare land (13.8%) and shrub land (4.8%), while the reduction found in grass land (54.5%), wet land (69.3%) and forest land (10.5%). The larger change in land observed in both grassland and wetland part was observed during the period from 1995–2000 and 2015–2019, this is due to climate change impact (El-Niño) happened in Teltele rangeland during the year 1999 and 2016 respectively. The quantity of forage in different land use/cover types, grass land had the highest average amount of forage biomass of 2092.3 kg/ha, followed by wetland with 1231 kg/ha, forest land with 1191.3 kg/ha, shrub land with 180 kg/ha, agricultural land with 139.5 kg/ha and bare land with 58.1 kg/ha. Conclusions The significant linkage observed between NDVI and LULC change types (when a high NDVI value, the LULC changes also shows positive value or an increasing trend). In addition, NDVI value directly related to the greenness status of vegetation occurred on each LULC change types and its value directly linkage forage biomass production pattern with grassland land use types. 64.8% (grass land), 43.3% (agricultural land), 75.1% (forest land), 50.6% (shrub land), 80.5% (bare land) and 75.5% (wet land) more or higher dry biomass production in the wet season compared to the dry season.

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Land use and land cover changes in the Lower Neretva Region from 1990 to 2020

Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin ◽

10.21861/hgg.2021.83.02.01 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 83 (2) ◽

pp. 7-31

Author(s):

Josip Šetka ◽

◽

Petra Radeljak Kaufmann ◽

Luka Valožić ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Confusion Matrix ◽

Hybrid Approach ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Economic Changes ◽

Sparse Vegetation ◽

Landsat 7

Changes in land use and land cover are the result of complex interactions between humans and their environment. This study examines land use and land cover changes in the Lower Neretva Region between 1990 and 2020. Political and economic changes in the early 1990s resulted in changes in the landscape, both directly and indirectly. Multispectral image processing was used to create thematic maps of land use and land cover for 1990, 2005, and 2020. Satellite images from Landsat 5, Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 were the main source of data. Land use and land cover structure was assessed using a hybrid approach, combining unsupervised and manual (visual) classification methods. An assessment of classification accuracy was carried out using a confusion matrix and kappa coefficient. According to the results of the study, the percentage of built-up areas increased by almost 33%. Agricultural land and forests and grasslands also increased, while the proportion of swamps and sparse vegetation areas decreased.

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Retrieval of Land-Use/Land Cover Change (LUCC) Maps and Urban Expansion Dynamics of Hyderabad, Pakistan via Landsat Datasets and Support Vector Machine Framework

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13163337 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (16) ◽

pp. 3337

Author(s):

Shaker Ul Din ◽

Hugo Wai Leung Mak

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Support Vector Machine ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Support Vector ◽

Land Use Land Cover ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Barren Land

Land-use/land cover change (LUCC) is an important problem in developing and under-developing countries with regard to global climatic changes and urban morphological distribution. Since the 1900s, urbanization has become an underlying cause of LUCC, and more than 55% of the world’s population resides in cities. The speedy growth, development and expansion of urban centers, rapid inhabitant’s growth, land insufficiency, the necessity for more manufacture, advancement of technologies remain among the several drivers of LUCC around the globe at present. In this study, the urban expansion or sprawl, together with spatial dynamics of Hyderabad, Pakistan over the last four decades were investigated and reviewed, based on remotely sensed Landsat images from 1979 to 2020. In particular, radiometric and atmospheric corrections were applied to these raw images, then the Gaussian-based Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel was used for training, within the 10-fold support vector machine (SVM) supervised classification framework. After spatial LUCC maps were retrieved, different metrics like Producer’s Accuracy (PA), User’s Accuracy (UA) and KAPPA coefficient (KC) were adopted for spatial accuracy assessment to ensure the reliability of the proposed satellite-based retrieval mechanism. Landsat-derived results showed that there was an increase in the amount of built-up area and a decrease in vegetation and agricultural lands. Built-up area in 1979 only covered 30.69% of the total area, while it has increased and reached 65.04% after four decades. In contrast, continuous reduction of agricultural land, vegetation, waterbody, and barren land was observed. Overall, throughout the four-decade period, the portions of agricultural land, vegetation, waterbody, and barren land have decreased by 13.74%, 46.41%, 49.64% and 85.27%, respectively. These remotely observed changes highlight and symbolize the spatial characteristics of “rural to urban transition” and socioeconomic development within a modernized city, Hyderabad, which open new windows for detecting potential land-use changes and laying down feasible future urban development and planning strategies.

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Evaluation of Land Use and Land Cover Change and Its Drivers in Battambang Province, Cambodia from 1998 to 2018

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su132011170 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (20) ◽

pp. 11170

Author(s):

Taingaun Sourn ◽

Sophak Pok ◽

Phanith Chou ◽

Nareth Nut ◽

Dyna Theng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Forest Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Development Economic ◽

Infrastructure Development ◽

Lulc Change ◽

Barren Land ◽

Land Prices

The main objective of this research was to evaluate land use and land cover (LULC) change in Battambang province of Cambodia over the last two decades. The LULC maps for 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018 were produced from Landsat satellite imagery using the supervised classification technique with the maximum likelihood algorithm. Each map consisted of seven LULC classes: built-up area, water feature, grassland, shrubland, agricultural land, barren land and forest cover. The overall accuracies of the LULC maps were 93%, 82%, 94%, 93% and 83% for 1998, 2003, 2008, 2013 and 2018, respectively. The LULC change results showed a significant increase in agricultural land, and a large decrease in forest cover. Most of the changes in both LULC types occurred during 2003–2008. Overall, agricultural land, shrubland, water features, built-up areas and barren land increased by 287,600 hectares, 58,600 hectares, 8300 hectares, 4600 hectares and 1300 hectares, respectively, while forest cover and grassland decreased by 284,500 hectares and 76,000 hectares respectively. The rate of LULC changes in the upland areas were higher than those in the lowland areas of the province. The main drivers of LULC change identified over the period of study were policy, legal framework and projects to improve economy, population growth, infrastructure development, economic growth, rising land prices, and climate and environmental change. Landmine clearance projects and land concessions resulted in a transition from forest cover and shrubland to agricultural land. Population and economic growth not only resulted in an increase of built-up area, but also led to increasing demand for agricultural land and rising land prices, which triggered the changes of other LULC types. This research provides a long-term and detailed analysis of LULC change together with its drivers, which is useful for decision-makers to make and implement better policies for sustainable land management.

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Land Use and Land Cover Change in Khorezm, Uzbekistan

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202122701002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 227 ◽

pp. 01002

Author(s):

Sherzod Rakhmonov ◽

Uktam Umurzakov ◽

Kosimdjon Rakhmonov ◽

Iqbol Bozarov ◽

Ozodbek Karamatov

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Land Cover Change ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Aral Sea ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Urban And Regional Planning ◽

Saline Land

This article depicts on discussions about land use and land cover change distribution in Khorezm province, Uzbekistan between 1987 and 2019. For the study Landsat 5 TM and Landsat 8 OLI respectively used to detect land use changes in the study area. Khorezm region affected by Aral Sea shrinkage having received salt wind from northeast of the region. Moreover, population increased within study period, making population density intense. Research is carried out to detect reflection of ecology and density in land use. RS techniques maximum likelihood employed to classify land use to generate land cover distribution map. In total seven class selected such as agricultural land, built up, bare land, lowland, saline land, sand and waterbody. The research of Khorezm region for 32 years has been thoroughly studied and found out that agricultural land, built up and saline land increased tremendously while lowland and bare soil are decreased accordingly. The result map can be used for decision makers and government bodies for future long term urban and regional planning.

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Analysis of Land Use and Land Cover Changes in Urban Areas Using Remote Sensing: Case of Blantyre City

Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society ◽

10.1155/2021/8011565 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Jane Ferah Gondwe ◽

Sun Li ◽

Rodger Millar Munthali

Keyword(s):

Remote Sensing ◽

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Lulc Changes ◽

Wide Range ◽

Landsat 7 ◽

Artificial Neural Network Ann

Blantyre City has experienced a wide range of changes in land use and land cover (LULC). This study used Remote Sensing (RS) to detect and quantify LULC changes that occurred in the city throughout a twenty-year study period, using Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper (ETM+) images from 1999 and 2010 and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) images from 2019. A supervised classification method using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was used to classify and map LULC types. The kappa coefficient and the overall accuracy were used to ascertain the classification accuracy. Using the classified images, a postclassification comparison approach was used to detect LULC changes between 1999 and 2019. The study revealed that built-up land and agricultural land increased in their respective areas by 28.54 km2 (194.81%) and 35.80 km2 (27.16%) with corresponding annual change rates of 1.43 km·year−1 and 1.79 km·year−1. The area of bare land, forest land, herbaceous land, and waterbody, respectively, decreased by 0.05%, 90.52%, 71.67%, and 6.90%. The LULC changes in the study area were attributed to urbanization, population growth, social-economic growth, and climate change. The findings of this study provide information on the changes in LULC and driving factors, which Blantyre City authorities can utilize to develop sustainable development plans.

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Spatio-temporal analysis of land cover changes in the evergreen and semi-evergreen rainforests: A case study in Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh

International Journal of Forestry, Ecology and Environment ◽

10.18801/ijfee.020220.10 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 87-99

Author(s):

M. Mamnun ◽

S. Hossen

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Temporal Analysis ◽

Present Condition ◽

Land Cover Changes ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽

Barren Land ◽

Spatio Temporal

The main purpose of this study is to describe the spatio-temporal analysis of land use and land cover status and to identify land cover changes, especially of deforestation and degradation in evergreen, semi-evergreen rainforests of Chittagong Hill Tracts from 1988-2018 by using Landsat 8 OLI-TIRS and Landsat 5 TM satellite imagery. The ArcGIS v10.5 and ERDAS Imagine v15 software were used to process satellite imageries and assess quantitative data for land-use change assessment of this study area. The study revealed that the area of forest land and water body decreased by 17.92% and 5.43% respectively from 1988-2018. On the other hand, the area of agricultural land, barren land and settlement increased by 45.66%, 312.08% and 240.01% respectively. If the present condition remains constant, the projection of future land-use/ land cover changes for the next 15 years will predict that more than 7.37% dense forest (2253.83 ha) land will be decreased and 19.60% agricultural will be converted to other land uses. This study suggests that proper policy should be adopted urgently to conserve residual forest coverage and restore it to regain its past appearance.

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African Civet Habitat Mapping in Illu-Abbabora Zone, Southwest Ethiopia: Geospatial Approach

Remote Sensing of Land ◽

10.21523/gcj1.2021050101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

K. V. Suryabhagavan ◽

Mintesnot Berhanu ◽

Bezawork Afework ◽

Afework Bekele ◽

M. Balakrishnan

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Cover ◽

Agricultural Development ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Linear Models ◽

Land Use Changes ◽

Landsat Images ◽

Southwest Ethiopia ◽

Major Producer ◽

Land Cover Maps

The African Civet (Civettictis Civetta Shreber, 1778) is one of the important natural animal resources of Ethiopia. Ethiopia is the major producer of the Civet perineal gland secretion (known as “civet”) used extensively as a base in perfume industry. However, there is no improvement in civet farming processes in rural Ethiopia, and the farmers still live in a poor state. Majority of rural population in Ethiopia is depending on agriculture, and hence land-use changes during the past couple of decades are mostly linked to agricultural development. Present study was undertaken to predict the spatial distribution of land-use and land-cover and habitats of the African Civet here in after referred as civet(s) in Illu-Abbabora Zone, Southwest Ethiopia. Landsat images of three years: 1985, 2000 and 2018 were classified to generate land-use/land-cover maps, locate forests and other land classes. Results of the study revealed that forest and wetland habitats decreased by an estimated 11.12 km2/yr-1 and 2.39 km2/yr-1, respectively during the period of 1985-2018. In contrast, the extent of agricultural land, urban area and Gumro tea plantation increased by an estimated 13.36 km2/yr-1, 0.59 km2/yr-1 and 0.43 km2/yr-1, respectively. Habitat suitability approach was found to have great potential in predicting potential habitats of the civets through complex non-linear models.

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