scholarly journals Geomorphological hazard analysis along the Egyptian Red Sea coast between Safaga and Quseir

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 751-766 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Youssef ◽  
B. Pradhan ◽  
A. F. D. Gaber ◽  
M. F. Buchroithner
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Vulnerability Maps ◽  
Legal Restrictions ◽  
Sea Area

Abstract. Geomophological hazard assessment is an important component of natural hazard risk assessment. This paper presents GIS-based geomorphological hazard mapping in the Red Sea area between Safaga and Quseir, Egypt. This includes the integration of published geological, geomorphological, and other data into GIS, and generation of new map products, combining governmental concerns and legal restrictions. Detailed geomorphological hazard maps for flooding zones and earth movement potential, especially along the roads and railways, have been prepared. Further the paper illustrates the application of vulnerability maps dealing with the effect of hazard on urban areas, tourist villages, industrial facilities, quarries, and road networks. These maps can help to initiate appropriate measures to mitigate the probable hazards in the area.

scholarly journals An approach for flood hazard modelling and mapping in the medium Valtellina

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1141-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Poretti ◽  
M. De Amicis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Experimental Modelling ◽  
Hydrodynamic Simulations ◽  
Lombardy Region ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Modelling Approach

Abstract. In the Lombardy Region, as in many other contexts all over the world, hazard maps do not have a precise legislative confirmation. Despite this, they are necessary to support several institutional activities, and among these, local urban planning. An approach to hazard analysis and mapping that fits the Lombardy Region legislative framework is presented here that introduces a level of experimental modelling, making use of SOBEK 1-D–2-D as a tool for hydrodynamic simulations. A stretch of 17 km of the Adda river in Valtellina has been modelled, referring to twelve scenarios characterised by different temporal probabilities, and comprising the main sources of uncertainty. The results were compared with available local hydraulic studies, and combined to obtain two complementary flood hazard maps which could usefully support urban planning. Advantages and drawbacks of this modelling approach, together with considerations related to flood hazard mapping are discussed.

scholarly journals Natural-Hazard Maps for Land-Use Planning in Norway

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (94) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hestnes ◽  
K. Lied
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Disaster Assistance ◽  
Hazard Zoning ◽  
Marine Areas

AbstractProblems concerning natural-hazard mapping have been discussed by the Norges Geotekniske Institutt in pilot projects sponsored by the National Fund for Natural Disaster Assistance. Hazard-registration maps, geomorphic hazard maps and hazard-zoning maps are defined. Hazard-zoning maps are preferable in land-use planning. Both survey maps (1 : 50000) and detailed maps (1:5000) are of interest. A survey map (c. 600 km2) would be mainly based on airphoto interpretation and could be prepared in about 150 h. Detailed mapping is more time consuming and should be limited to development areas.Mapping of “marine deposits” and “other areas” are handled by separate groups, mainly because of differences in technical and professional problems. This gives rise to two parallel series of survey maps and detailed maps.The proposed programmes for survey mapping states that 80% of the marine areas should be evaluated in 5 years (1980-84), and that one-third of the country should be examined for rockfalls, rock slides, and snow avalanches in 10 years. Other hazard types are impossible to identify by survey mapping. There is a rising demand for detailed maps but as yet there has been no research project to standardize methods.The hazard maps are intended primarily to be an aid in land-use planning.

scholarly journals Natural-Hazard Maps for Land-Use Planning in Norway

1980 ◽  
Vol 26 (94) ◽  
pp. 331-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Hestnes ◽  
K. Lied
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Pilot Projects ◽  
Marine Deposits ◽  
Disaster Assistance ◽  
Hazard Zoning ◽  
Marine Areas

AbstractProblems concerning natural-hazard mapping have been discussed by the Norges Geotekniske Institutt in pilot projects sponsored by the National Fund for Natural Disaster Assistance. Hazard-registration maps, geomorphic hazard maps and hazard-zoning maps are defined. Hazard-zoning maps are preferable in land-use planning. Both survey maps (1 : 50000) and detailed maps (1:5000) are of interest. A survey map (c. 600 km2) would be mainly based on airphoto interpretation and could be prepared in about 150 h. Detailed mapping is more time consuming and should be limited to development areas. Mapping of “marine deposits” and “other areas” are handled by separate groups, mainly because of differences in technical and professional problems. This gives rise to two parallel series of survey maps and detailed maps.The proposed programmes for survey mapping states that 80% of the marine areas should be evaluated in 5 years (1980-84), and that one-third of the country should be examined for rockfalls, rock slides, and snow avalanches in 10 years. Other hazard types are impossible to identify by survey mapping. There is a rising demand for detailed maps but as yet there has been no research project to standardize methods.The hazard maps are intended primarily to be an aid in land-use planning.

scholarly journals Multi-hazard assessment using GIS in the urban areas: Case study - Banja Luka municipality, B&H

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-50
Author(s):  
Radislav Tosic ◽  
Slavoljub Dragicevic ◽  
Novica Lovric ◽  
Ivica Milevski
Keyword(s):  
Urban Communities ◽  
Natural Hazards ◽  
Hazard Assessment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Mapping ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Banja Luka

The research presents a techniques for natural hazard assessment using GIS and cartographic approaches with multi-hazard mapping in urban communities, because natural hazards are a multi-dimensional phenomena which have a spatial component. Therefore the use of Remote Sensing and GIS has an important function and become essential in urban multi-hazard assessment. The first aim of this research was to determine the geographical distributions of the major types of natural hazards in the study area. Seismic hazards, landslides, rockfalls, floods, torrential floods, and excessive erosion are the most significant natural hazards within the territory of Banja Luka Municipality. Areas vulnerable to some of these natural hazards were singled out using analytical maps. Based on these analyses, an integral map of the natural hazards of the study area was created using multi-hazard assessment and the total vulnerability was determined by overlapping the results. The detailed analysis, through the focused research within the most vulnerable areas in the study area will highlight the administrative units (urban centres and communes) that are vulnerable to various types of natural hazard. The results presented in this article are the first multi-hazard assessment and the first version of the integral map of natural hazards in the Republic of Srpska.

scholarly journals Flood Modeling Assessment: A Case of Bishnumati River

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Noor Dangol
Keyword(s):  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Flood Frequency ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Hazard Maps ◽  
Flood Vulnerability ◽  
Barren Land ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Arc Gis ◽  
Vulnerability Maps

Flood, a common water induced disaster of a monsoon season, is the recurring phenomenon in Nepal. To study this disaster, different flood modelling had been conducted for different river basins following different modelling tools. This study describes the technical approach of probable flood vulnerability and hazard analysis of Bishnumati river catchment and analyze the result with previous study done for the same study area. The method adopted for previous study in 2009 was adopted in this study as well in order to compare the results. One dimensional hydraulic model HEC-RAS with HEC GeoRAS interface in co-ordination with Arc GIS was applied for the analysis.. Hazard maps, landuse vulnerability maps of various return periods (10 Yrs, 20Yrs, 50Yrs and 100Yrs), were prepared in ArcGIS. The results of flood frequency analyzed by WECS/ DHM method showed discharges of 445 m³/s, 541m³/s, 648m/s, 725 m³/s for 10, 20, 50 and 100 years return period floods. The primary data of the study showed most of the flooding area had water depth greater than 3m. The assessment of the flood inundated area showed that large percentage of vulnerable area lied in built up areas followed by barren land.

Study on Hazard Analysis Method of Earthquake Secondary Fire Disaster in Urban Area Based on GIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 3457-3461
Author(s):  
Tian Qi Li ◽  
Fei Geng
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Probability Model ◽  
Probability Models ◽  
Housing Density ◽  
Earthquake Excitation ◽  
Fire Disaster ◽  
High Hazard ◽  
The City ◽  
And Diffusion

In order to study the probability of occurrence of secondary fire after the earthquake in urban areas, the probability model of the hazard analysis that the fire occurred and the spread is established and applied. Probability models need to consider the destruction level of buildings under earthquake excitation as well as the probability of the leakage and diffusion of combustible material in the buildings in the corresponding destruction level, combination of weather, season, housing density and other factors to determine the probability of the single building earthquake secondary fire. On this basis , the natural administrative areas in the city as a unit , considering the factors of regional hazard analysis such as population density , property distribution and density within a region , to calculate the hazard indicator and determine the high hazard areas of secondary fire in the city. The Geographic Information System was used as the platform, to division of urban earthquake secondary fire high-hazard areas.

The benthos of the deeper sediments of the Firth of Clyde, with particular reference to organic enrichment

1986 ◽  
Vol 90 ◽  
pp. 329-350
Author(s):  
T. H. Pearson ◽  
A. D. Ansell ◽  
L. Robb
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Organic Enrichment ◽  
General Survey ◽  
Sludge Disposal ◽  
Benthic Infauna ◽  
Clyde Sea ◽  
Sea Area

SynopisA general survey of the biomass of the benthic infauna of the Clyde Sea Area and the distribution and abundance of the dominant species throughout the area, based on data from surveys undertaken in 1972 and 1974, is described. Recent surveys of the distribution of species along a well-defined gradient of organic enrichment on the Garroch Head sewage sludge disposal grounds in the central Firth of Clyde are used comparatively to suggest that benthic populations in the inner sea lochs, Kilbrannan Sound and in areas along the Ayrshire coast are markedly enriched. It is suggested that this enrichment may be caused by a general eutrophication of the Clyde Sea Area enhancing the effects of localised carbon inputs from urban areas.

scholarly journals Combined fluvial and pluvial urban flood hazard analysis: method development and application to Can Tho City, Mekong Delta, Vietnam

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 4967-5013 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Apel ◽  
O. M. Trepat ◽  
N. N. Hung ◽  
D. T. Chinh ◽  
B. Merz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrodynamic Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Method Development ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Mekong Delta ◽  
Rain Gauge ◽  
Convective Precipitation ◽  
Can Tho City

Abstract. Many urban areas experience both fluvial and pluvial floods, because locations next to rivers are preferred settlement areas, and the predominantly sealed urban surface prevents infiltration and facilitates surface inundation. The latter problem is enhanced in cities with insufficient or non-existent sewer systems. While there are a number of approaches to analyse either fluvial or pluvial flood hazard, studies of combined fluvial and pluvial flood hazard are hardly available. Thus this study aims at the analysis of fluvial and pluvial flood hazard individually, but also at developing a method for the analysis of combined pluvial and fluvial flood hazard. This combined fluvial-pluvial flood hazard analysis is performed taking Can Tho city, the largest city in the Vietnamese part of the Mekong Delta, as example. In this tropical environment the annual monsoon triggered floods of the Mekong River can coincide with heavy local convective precipitation events causing both fluvial and pluvial flooding at the same time. Fluvial flood hazard was estimated with a copula based bivariate extreme value statistic for the gauge Kratie at the upper boundary of the Mekong Delta and a large-scale hydrodynamic model of the Mekong Delta. This provided the boundaries for 2-dimensional hydrodynamic inundation simulation for Can Tho city. Pluvial hazard was estimated by a peak-over-threshold frequency estimation based on local rain gauge data, and a stochastic rain storm generator. Inundation was simulated by a 2-dimensional hydrodynamic model implemented on a Graphical Processor Unit (GPU) for time-efficient flood propagation modelling. All hazards – fluvial, pluvial and combined – were accompanied by an uncertainty estimation considering the natural variability of the flood events. This resulted in probabilistic flood hazard maps showing the maximum inundation depths for a selected set of probabilities of occurrence, with maps showing the expectation (median) and the uncertainty by percentile maps. The results are critically discussed and ways for their usage in flood risk management are outlined.

scholarly journals Transition from continental rifting to oceanic spreading in the northern Red Sea area

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sami El Khrepy ◽  
Ivan Koulakov ◽  
Nassir Al-Arifi ◽  
Mamdouh S. Alajmi ◽  
Ayman N. Qadrouh
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Plate Tectonics ◽  
Continental Rifting ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Lower Velocity ◽  
Velocity Anomaly ◽  
Oceanic Spreading ◽  
Lithospheric Extension ◽  
Sea Area ◽  
Northern Red Sea

<p><strong>Lithosphere extension, which plays an essential role in plate tectonics, occurs both in continents (as rift systems) and oceans (spreading along mid-oceanic ridges). The northern Red Sea area is a unique natural geodynamic laboratory, where the ongoing transition from continental rifting to oceanic spreading can be observed. Here, we analyze travel time data from a merged catalogue provided by the Egyptian and Saudi Arabian seismic networks to build a three-dimensional model of seismic velocities in the crust and uppermost mantle beneath the northern Red Sea and surroundings. The derived structures clearly reveal a high-velocity anomaly coinciding with the Red Sea basin and a narrow low-velocity anomaly centered along the rift axis. We interpret these structures as a transition of lithospheric extension from continental rifting to oceanic spreading. The transitional lithosphere is manifested by a dominantly positive seismic anomaly indicating the presence of a 50–70-km-thick and 200–300-km-wide cold lithosphere. Along the forming oceanic ridge axis, an elongated low-velocity anomaly marks a narrow localized nascent spreading zone that disrupts the transitional lithosphere. Along the eastern margins of the Red Sea, the lithosphere is disturbed by the lower-velocity anomalies coinciding with areas of basaltic magmatism.</strong></p>

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