scholarly journals Water and Energy nexus: findings of the World Water Development Report 2014

2015 ◽  
Vol 366 ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
M. Miletto
Keyword(s):  
Policy Makers ◽  
Water Development ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World ◽  
Access To Water ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Many

Abstract. The post-2015 Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are likely to include increased access to water and energy services. The fifth edition of the United Nations World Water Development Report (WWDR) Water and Energy aims to contribute to the this international process by informing the decision-making about the interlinkages, potential synergies and trade-offs as well as by stressing the need for appropriate responses and regulatory frameworks that account for both water and energy priorities. The Report provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the impacts of ever-increasing energy production on water resources and water users, including agriculture, rapidly expanding cities, expanding industry and the environment. It analyses major and emerging trends from around the world, with examples of how some of the trend-related challenges have been addressed, their implications for policy-makers, and further actions that can be taken by stakeholders and the international community. As the first of a new series of theme-oriented reports to be released on an annual basis, the WWDR 2014 marks a pivotal new direction for the WWDR series, for the World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP), and the many partner agencies that contribute substantially in the production of the flagship report of UN-Water.

Emerging trends in the diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis

Parasitology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 137 (14) ◽  
pp. 1977-1986 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAGDALENA RADWANSKA
Keyword(s):  
Human African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
African Trypanosomiasis ◽  
Protozoan Parasites ◽  
Trypanosoma Brucei Gambiense ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many ◽  
Molecular Parasitology

SUMMARYHuman African trypanosomiasis (HAT) or sleeping sickness is caused by protozoan parasitesTrypanosoma brucei gambienseandT. b. rhodesiense. Despite the enormous technological progress in molecular parasitology in recent years, the diagnosis of HAT is still problematic due to the lack of specific tools. To date, there are two realities when it comes to HAT; the first one being the world of modern experimental laboratories, equipped with the latest state-of-the-art technology, and the second being the world of HAT diagnosis, where the latest semi-commercial test was introduced 30 years ago (Magnuset al.1978). Hence, it appears that the lack of progress in HAT diagnosis is not primarily due to a lack of scientific interest or a lack of research funds, but mainly results from the many obstacles encountered in the translation of basic research into field-applicable diagnostics. This review will provide an overview of current diagnostic methods and highlight specific difficulties in solving the shortcomings of these methods. Future perspectives for accurate, robust, affordable diagnostics will be discussed as well.

New Corona Virus, Food Security and Identifying Policy Options

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Jock R. Anderson ◽  
Latha Nagarajan ◽  
Anwar Naseem ◽  
Carl E. Pray ◽  
Thomas A. Reardon
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Food Policy ◽  
Policy Options ◽  
Major Objective ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals

Achieving food security for all has long been a major objective in public policy around the world, and even globally as enshrined in the contemporary UN Sustainable Development Goals. The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 creates additional challenges to food policy-makers and the paper charts some key elements of response to these challenges.

scholarly journals Metacoupled Tourism and Wildlife Translocations Affect Synergies and Trade-Offs among Sustainable Development Goals across Spillover Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (18) ◽  
pp. 7677
Author(s):  
Zhiqiang Zhao ◽  
Meng Cai ◽  
Thomas Connor ◽  
Min Gon Chung ◽  
Jianguo Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Wildlife Trade ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Environmental Interactions ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Sustainability Governance ◽  
Empirical Demonstration

Synergies and trade-offs among the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) have been hotly debated. Although the world is increasingly metacoupled (socioeconomic-environmental interactions within and across adjacent or distant systems), there is little understanding of the impacts of globally widespread and important flows on enhancing or compromising sustainability in different systems. Here, we used a new integrated framework to guide SDG synergy and trade-off analysis within and across systems, as influenced by cross-boundary tourism and wildlife translocations. The world’s terrestrial protected areas alone receive approximately 8 billion visits per year, generating a direct economic impact of US $600 billion. Globally, more than 5000 animal species and 29,000 plant species are traded across country borders, and the wildlife trade has arguably contributed to zoonotic disease worldwide, such as the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. We synthesized 22 cases of tourism and wildlife translocations across six continents and found 33 synergies and 14 trade-offs among 10 SDGs within focal systems and across spillover systems. Our study provides an empirical demonstration of SDG interactions across spillover systems and insights for holistic sustainability governance, contributing to fostering synergies and reducing trade-offs to achieve global sustainable development in the metacoupled Anthropocene.

Airbnb, Platform Capitalism and the Globalised Home

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-118
Author(s):  
Nicole Gurran ◽  
◽  
Pranita Shrestha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rental Housing ◽  
Housing Markets ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Residential Homes ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The World ◽  
The Many

Airbnb, the most ubiquitous of the many online short-term rental platforms offering residential homes to tourists, has infiltrated local neighbourhoods and housing markets throughout the world. It has also divided policy-makers and communities over whether tourism in residential homes is a benign example of the so-called ‘sharing’ economy or a malignant practice which destroys neighbourhoods. These differing positions reflect alternative and changing notions of ‘home’ within wider processes of financialisation and platform capitalism. This paper examines these themes with reference to stakeholder statements solicited in response to government inquiries on how to regulate short-term rental housing in Australia.

scholarly journals Drivers of sustainability transformations: leverage points, contexts and conjunctures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Björn-Ola Linnér ◽  
Victoria Wibeck
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
News Media ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Transformative Change ◽  
Dynamic Complexity ◽  
Leverage Points ◽  
2030 Agenda ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Many

AbstractWhile increasing hopes are being attached to deliberate societal transformative change to achieve the targets of the 2030 Agenda and the Paris Agreement, questions remain about whether and whereby such profound systemic change can be governed. This paper analyses how transformative changes are intended to be encouraged and achieved, where and when. The paper explores critical drivers and how they relate to leverage points at different places in the societal systems. The paper builds on a comprehensive sense-making analysis of scholarly literature, policy documents, including countries’ contributions to the Paris Agreement and national reviews of progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals, international news media and lay focus group discussions on five continents. There are great variations in how drivers were made sense of in the data. The many ongoing interacting transformations across societies involve different social, cultural, and political contexts, while the implementation of the 2030 Agenda also contains goal conflicts and unavoidable trade-offs. The paper highlights four categories of drivers as particularly important to consider in view of international transformation efforts: technological innovations, political economy redistribution, new narratives, and transformative learning. Four features are important for bringing clarity on how deliberate transformations can be encouraged: (1) the function of drivers in enabling and restricting transformations of societal systems characterised by detailed or dynamic complexity, (2) cultural and geographical contexts of transformations, (3) where in the systems the drivers are intended to intervene, and (4) the role of critical junctions in time, where transformative trajectories can branch out.

scholarly journals Sustainable Development Goals – Quo Vadis, Cities of the World?

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-179
Author(s):  
G Venkatesh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Millennium Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Sustainable Cities ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Quo Vadis ◽  
Global Population ◽  
Global Energy Consumption

The United Nations unveiled a set of 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in September 2015, with 169 targets and a little over 230 indicators. This was a sequel to the Millennium Development Goals whose remit ended in 2015. Challenges lie ahead for governments around the world – national, provincial and municipal – to adapt the targets and indicators to effect a meaningful transition towards sustainable development by 2030. Cities are where the battle for sustainable development will be won or lost – they contribute 80% of the global GDP, and account for 70% each of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. With over two-thirds of the global population likely to live in cities by 2060, this is more than a cliché. A clutch of sustainable cities makes a sustainable province; a clutch of sustainable provinces makes a sustainable country, and it follows that several sustainable countries learning and sharing and helping other countries, will make for a sustainable world in the 21st century and further on into the future. While moving forward, trade-offs and complementarities must not be forgotten. Often, there are serendipitous benefits when complementarities which exist are not factored in, but the trade-offs if forgotten may end up robbing Peter to pay Paul. Despite the interregnum brought about by the Corona Virus pandemic in 2020, the world will be getting up, dusting itself clean and moving ahead in the next decade towards the SDGs set for year-2030.

scholarly journals Managing the global land resource

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1874) ◽  
pp. 20172798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pete Smith
Keyword(s):  
Climate Impact ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Global Challenge ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Gas Removal ◽  
Global Land ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Many ◽  
Change Mitigation ◽  
Broad Overview

With a growing population with changing demands, competition for the global land resource is increasing. We need to feed a projected population of 9–10 billion by 2050, rising to approximately 12 billion by 2100. At the same time, we need to reduce the climate impact of agriculture, forestry and other land use, and we almost certainly need to deliver land-based greenhouse gas removal for additional climate change mitigation. In addition, we need to deliver progress towards meeting the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, all without compromising the many ecosystem services provided by land and without exceeding planetary boundaries. Managing the land to tackle these pressing issues is a major global challenge. In this perspective paper, I provide a very broad overview of the main challenges, and explore co-benefits, trade-offs and possible solutions.

scholarly journals What Can Science, Technology, and Innovation Offer in the Achievement of Sustainable Development Goals?

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-20
Author(s):  
Ademola A. Adenle ◽  
Marian R. Chertow ◽  
Ellen H.M. Moors ◽  
David J. Pannell
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Many ◽  
Science Technology And Innovation

This chapter discusses the many ways that science, technology, and innovation (STI) can bolster the global agenda of the United Nations (UN) toward meeting the sustainable development goals (SDGs). It shows how STI applications can make multiple contributions to the achievement of SDGs. It is particularly important for developing countries to harness STI, while managing resulting trade-offs, to deliver sustainable development effectively. The SDGs simultaneously touch upon environmental, social and economic aspects of development but integrating these aspects into the implementation of the SDGs is challenging for both policymakers and researchers. To meet its SDG targets, the global community must mobilize STI across multiple sectors, support new investments in innovation, and contribute to policy design that addresses a range of barriers.

The Future

2020 ◽  
pp. 225-238
Author(s):  
Constantine Michalopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Human Condition ◽  
Absolute Poverty ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
The World ◽  
Global Problems ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
The Many ◽  
Global Population

Much has changed since the Utstein Four burst onto the international scene twenty years ago: a resurgent nationalism and xenophobia are undermining efforts to address global problems. Yet, the world today in many respects is a better place than it was twenty years ago: the share of the global population living in absolute poverty is the lowest in human history; people are better educated and nourished, and live longer and healthier lives. Many challenges remain: while global inequality has declined, within country inequality has increased; women still fare worse than men in practically all aspects of the human condition; and climate change is inexorably marching on, threatening the very existence of humankind. Still, it has been said that a peaceful earth inhabited by about ten billion people without anyone suffering poverty is not a wild fantasy. It is feasible. That is what the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are about. Among the many things the U4 were credited with was their contribution to the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals in 2015. The last chapter tries to draw lessons from the U4 experience of twenty years ago that can be useful in addressing the future challenges humanity faces in achieving the SDGs.

UN World Water Development Report 2015: "Water for a Sustainable World"

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloé Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Social Equity ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Comprehensive Overview ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Global Sustainability ◽  
Change Factors ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
The World

The WWDR 2015 demonstrates how water resources and services are essential to achieving global sustainability. Taking account of economic growth, social equity and environmental sustainability, the report’s forward-looking narrative describes how major challenges and change factors in the modern world will affect – and can be affected by – water resources, services and related benefits. The report provides a comprehensive overview of major and emerging trends from around the world, with examples of how some of the trend‐related challenges have been addressed, their implications for policy‐makers, and further actions that can be taken by stakeholders and the international community. Supply Use/Reuse Vulnerability

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