scholarly journals Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology, using RUSLE with GIS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zeng ◽  
Shijie Wang ◽  
Xiaoyong Bai ◽  
Yangbing Li ◽  
Yichao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Erosion Area ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. In spite of previous studies on soil erosion in Karst landform, limited data are available regarding the spatial and temporal evolution and the correlation of spatial elements of soil erosion in Karst. The lack of this study leads to misassessment of environmental effects on the region especially in the mountainous area of Wuling in China. Soil erosion and rocky desertification in this area influence the survival and development of 0.22 billion people. For this reason, the typical Karst area in South China is the object of this study. This paper aims to analyze the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of soil erosion and investigate the relationship between soil erosion and rocky desertification by using GIS technology and modified universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) model to reveal the relationship between soil erosion and major natural elements in this area. (1) In 2000–2013, the proportion of the area of micro- and slight erosion increases, whereas the proportion of the area of moderate erosion and above decreases. Erosion of moderate and above levels changes into micro- and slight erosion. (2) The soil erosion area in slope zones at 15°–35° accounts for 60.59 % of the total erosion area and 40.44 % of total erosion. (3) The amplitude reduction in the annual erosion rate is higher in the Karst area than that in the non-Karst area. Soil erosion in different outcrop areas of rock generally shows an improving trend, but the dynamic changes in soil erosion significantly differ among various lithological distribution belts. (4) The soil erosion rate of rocky desertification area with moderate and below levels of erosion decreases, whereas the erosion rate of rocky desertification area with severe erosion level increases. Results show the gradual decrease in the temporal and spatial variation of soil erosion in the study area. Lithology is the geological basis of soil erosion. Changes in the spatial distribution of lithology and rocky desertification induce high soil loss. The area is characterized by high rocky desertification, low erosion module, and decreasing annual erosion rate.

scholarly journals Soil erosion evolution and spatial correlation analysis in a typical karst geomorphology using RUSLE with GIS

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Zeng ◽  
Shijie Wang ◽  
Xiaoyong Bai ◽  
Yangbing Li ◽  
Yichao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Karst Region ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Rocky Desertification ◽  
Soil Erosion Rate ◽  
Erosion Area

Abstract. Although some scholars have studied soil erosion in karst landforms, analyses of the spatial and temporal evolution of soil erosion and correlation analyses with spatial elements have been insufficient. The lack of research has led to an inaccurate assessment of environmental effects, especially in the mountainous area of Wuling in China. Soil erosion and rocky desertification in this area influence the survival and sustainability of a population of 0.22 billion people. This paper analyzes the spatiotemporal evolution of soil erosion and explores its relationship with rocky desertification using GIS technology and the revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE). Furthermore, this paper analyzes the relationship between soil erosion and major natural elements in southern China. The results are as follows: (1) from 2000 to 2013, the proportion of the area experiencing micro-erosion and mild erosion was at increasing risk in contrast to areas where moderate and high erosion are decreasing. The area changes in this time sequence reflect moderate to high levels of erosion tending to convert into micro-erosion and mild erosion. (2) The soil erosion area on the slope, at 15–35°, accounted for 60.59 % of the total erosion area, and the corresponding soil erosion accounted for 40.44 %. (3) The annual erosion rate in the karst region decreased much faster than in the non-karst region. Soil erosion in all of the rock outcrop areas indicates an improving trend, and dynamic changes in soil erosion significantly differ among the various lithological distribution belts. (4) The soil erosion rate decreased in the rocky desertification regions, to below moderate levels, but increased in the severe rocky desertification areas. The temporal and spatial variations in soil erosion gradually decreased in the study area. Differences in the spatial distribution between lithology and rocky desertification induced extensive soil loss. As rocky desertification became worse, the erosion modulus decreased and the decreasing rate of annual erosion slowed.

ASSESSMENT OF SOIL EROSION IN VINH LINH, QUANG TRI USING RMMF MODEL (REVISED MORGAN - MORGAN - FINNEY)

2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Quang Việt ◽  
Trương Đình Trọng ◽  
Hồ Thị Nga
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Soil Particle ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Gis Technology ◽  
Particle Detachment ◽  
Sediment Transport Capacity ◽  
Northern District ◽  
Runoff And Soil Loss

Vinh Linh, the northern district of Quang Tri province is characterized by a diversified topography with a large variety of elevations, high rainfall, and decreasing land cover due to forest exploiting for cultivation land. Thus, there is a high risk of erosion, soil fertility washout. With the support of GIS technology, the authors used the rMMF model to measure soil erosion. The input data of model including 15 coefficients related to topography, soil properties, climate and land cover. The simulations of rMMF include estimates of rainfall energy, runoff, soil particle detachment by raindrop, soil particle detachment by runoff, sediment transport capacity of runoff and soil loss. The result showed that amount of soil loss in year is estimated to vary between 0 kg/m2 minimum and 149 kg/m2 maximum and is divided into 4-classes of erosion. Light class almost covers the region researched (75.9% of total area), while moderate class occupies 8.1% of total area, strong classes only hold small area (16% of total area). Therefore, protection of the forest floor in sloping areas is one of the most effective methods to reduce soil erosion.

scholarly journals Analysis of Ownership Data from Consolidated Land Threatened by Water Erosion in the Vlára Basin, Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 51
Author(s):  
Alexandra Pagáč Mokrá ◽  
Jakub Pagáč ◽  
Zlatica Muchová ◽  
František Petrovič
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Water Erosion ◽  
Land Consolidation ◽  
Land Fragmentation ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Water erosion is a phenomenon that significantly damages agricultural land. The current land fragmentation in Slovakia and the complete ambiguity of who owns it leads to a lack of responsibility to care for the land in its current condition, which could affect its sustainability in the future. The reason so much soil has eroded is obvious when looking at current land management, with large fields, a lack of windbreaks between them, and no barriers to prevent soil runoff. Land consolidation might be the solution. This paper seeks to evaluate redistributed land and, based on modeling by the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method, to assess the degree of soil erosion risk. Ownership data provided information on how many owners and what amount of area to consider, while taking into account new conditions regarding water erosion. The results indicate that 2488 plots of 1607 owners which represent 12% of the model area are still endangered by water erosion, even after the completion of the land consolidation project. The results also presented a way of evaluating the territory and aims to trigger a discussion regarding an unambiguous definition of responsibility in the relationship between owner and user.

scholarly journals Evaluating of the spatial heterogeneity of soil loss tolerance and its effects on erosion risk in the carbonate areas of southern China

Solid Earth ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 661-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Li ◽  
Xiao Yong Bai ◽  
Shi Jie Wang ◽  
Luo Yi Qin ◽  
Yi Chao Tian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Spatial Heterogeneity ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Carbonate Rock ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Clastic Rock ◽  
Erosion Risk ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Loss Tolerance ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Soil loss tolerance (T value) is one of the criteria in determining the necessity of erosion control measures and ecological restoration strategy. However, the validity of this criterion in subtropical karst regions is strongly disputed. In this study, T value is calculated based on soil formation rate by using a digital distribution map of carbonate rock assemblage types. Results indicated a spatial heterogeneity and diversity in soil loss tolerance. Instead of only one criterion, a minimum of three criteria should be considered when investigating the carbonate areas of southern China because the one region, one T value concept may not be applicable to this region. T value is proportionate to the amount of argillaceous material, which determines the surface soil thickness of the formations in homogenous carbonate rock areas. Homogenous carbonate rock, carbonate rock intercalated with clastic rock areas and carbonate/clastic rock alternation areas have T values of 20, 50 and 100 t/(km2 a), and they are extremely, severely and moderately sensitive to soil erosion. Karst rocky desertification (KRD) is defined as extreme soil erosion and reflects the risks of erosion. Thus, the relationship between T value and erosion risk is determined using KRD as a parameter. The existence of KRD land is unrelated to the T value, although this parameter indicates erosion sensitivity. Erosion risk is strongly dependent on the relationship between real soil loss (RL) and T value rather than on either erosion intensity or the T value itself. If RL > > T, then the erosion risk is high despite of a low RL. Conversely, if T > > RL, then the soil is safe although RL is high. Overall, these findings may clarify the heterogeneity of T value and its effect on erosion risk in a karst environment.

scholarly journals Estimation of Soil Erosion using USLE and GIS

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3936-3939
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Environmental Problem ◽  
Gis Technique ◽  
Economic Imbalances ◽  
Factor C ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Soil erosion is one of the most serious environmental problem which must be taken in to consideration to prevent economic imbalances in nature. Soil erosion not only affect the agricultural productivity but also increases level of sedimentation. The study was carried out to determine the soil erosion for the watershed which is located in Godavari middle sub basin, Nanded district, Maharashtra state (India). The universal soil loss equation (USLE) and Geographic information system (GIS) technique was used to determine soil erosion. Present study revealed that, the study area is under moderate erosion with an average soil loss 7.233 tones/ha/yr. Where as minimum and maximum erosion rate observed as 5.39 tones/ha/yr to 10.27 tones/ha/yr respectively. The various maps of USLE factors prepared in QGIS environment. Statistically significant relationship obtained between soil loss and cover management factor (C). It was observed that C factor more influences in soil loss than any other factor.

scholarly journals Estimation of soil loss using remote sensing and GIS-based universal soil loss equation in northern catchment of Lake Tana Sub-basin, Upper Blue Nile Basin, Northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Veera Narayana Balabathina ◽  
R. P. Raju ◽  
Wuletaw Mulualem ◽  
Gedefaw Tadele
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Soil Erodibility ◽  
Lake Tana ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Soil Erosion Rate ◽  
Soil Loss Equation

Abstract Background Soil erosion is one of the major environmental challenges and has a significant impact on potential land productivity and food security in many highland regions of Ethiopia. Quantifying and identifying the spatial patterns of soil erosion is important for management. The present study aims to estimate soil erosion by water in the Northern catchment of Lake Tana basin in the NW highlands of Ethiopia. The estimations are based on available data through the application of the Universal Soil Loss Equation integrated with Geographic Information System and remote sensing technologies. The study further explored the effects of land use and land cover, topography, soil erodibility, and drainage density on soil erosion rate in the catchment. Results The total estimated soil loss in the catchment was 1,705,370 tons per year and the mean erosion rate was 37.89 t ha−1 year−1, with a standard deviation of 59.2 t ha−1 year−1. The average annual soil erosion rare for the sub-catchments Derma, Megech, Gumara, Garno, and Gabi Kura were estimated at 46.8, 40.9, 30.9, 30.0, and 29.7 t ha−1 year−1, respectively. Based on estimated erosion rates in the catchment, the grid cells were divided into five different erosion severity classes: very low, low, moderate, high and extreme. The soil erosion severity map showed about 58.9% of the area was in very low erosion potential (0–1 t ha−1 year−1) that contributes only 1.1% of the total soil loss, while 12.4% of the areas (36,617 ha) were in high and extreme erosion potential with erosion rates of 10 t ha−1 year−1 or more that contributed about 82.1% of the total soil loss in the catchment which should be a high priority. Areas with high to extreme erosion severity classes were mostly found in Megech, Gumero and Garno sub-catchments. Results of Multiple linear regression analysis showed a relationship between soil erosion rate (A) and USLE factors that soil erosion rate was most sensitive to the topographic factor (LS) followed by the support practice (P), soil erodibility (K), crop management (C) and rainfall erosivity factor (R). Barenland showed the most severe erosion, followed by croplands and plantation forests in the catchment. Conclusions Use of the erosion severity classes coupled with various individual factors can help to understand the primary processes affecting erosion and spatial patterns in the catchment. This could be used for the site-specific implementation of effective soil conservation practices and land use plans targeted in erosion-prone locations to control soil erosion.

scholarly journals Sediment Yield and Soil Loss Estimation Using GIS Based Soil Erosion Model: A Case Study in the MAN Catchment, Madhya Pradesh, India

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Manti Patil ◽  
Radheshyam Patel ◽  
Arnab Saha
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Reservoir Sedimentation ◽  
Reservoir Water ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Soil Erosion Rate

Soil erosion is one of the most critical environmental hazards of recent times. It broadly affects to agricultural land and reservoir sedimentation and its consequences are very harmful. In agricultural land, soil erosion affects the fertility of soil and its composition, crop production, soil quality and land quality, yield and crop quality, infiltration rate and water holding capacity, organic matter and plant nutrient and groundwater regimes. In reservoir sedimentation process the consequences of soil erosion process are reduction of the reservoir capacity, life of reservoir, water supply, power generation etc. Based on these two aspects, an attempt has been made to the present study utilizing Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) has been used in integration with remote sensing and GIS techniques to assess the spatial pattern of annual rate of soil erosion, average annual soil erosion rate and erosion prone areas in the MAN catchment. The RUSLE considers several factors such as rainfall, soil erodibility, slope length and steepness, land use and land cover and erosion control practice for soil erosion prediction. In the present study, it is found that average annual soil erosion rate for the MAN catchment is 13.01-tons/ha/year, which is higher than that of adopted and recommended values for the project. It has been found that 53% area of the MAN catchment has negligible soil erosion rate (less than 2-tons/ha/year). Its spatial distribution found on flat land of upper MAN catchment. It has been detected that 26% area of MAN catchment has moderate to extremely severe soil erosion rate (greater than 10-tons/ha/year). Its spatial distribution has been found on undulated topography of the middle MAN catchment. It is proposed to treat this area by catchment area treatment activity.

Tracer vertical movement and its affecting factors in karst soil profiles using the simulated leaching method

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghu He ◽  
Keli Zhang ◽  
Zihao Cao ◽  
Qihua Ke
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Southwest China ◽  
Vertical Movement ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Affecting Factors ◽  
Tracer Movement ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Movement Distance ◽  
Karst Geomorphology

<p>Soil erosion is a severe issue in Southwest China due to complex karst geomorphology and excessive farming activities. It is also difficult to observe and evaluate using traditional research methods. Fortunately, as a supplement to traditional methods, the <sup>137</sup>Cs tracing technique has strong potential to monitor and evaluate soil loss in karst regions. However, <sup>137</sup>Cs might move downward with tiny particles under adequate rainfall conditions. This is critical because it directly affects accuracy of using the <sup>137</sup>Cs conversion model to evaluate soil erosion. Thus, in our study, in order to explore whether tracers actually moved vertically and to evaluate the movement distance and the factors influencing the movement, magnetic powder (Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) and rare earth oxides (CeO<sub>2 </sub>and La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) were used as the substitute tracers under different conditions (rainfall and leaching area) of a simulated leaching experiment, which possess similar properties as <sup>137</sup>Cs and have no toxicity problems in humans and the environment. The results showed that tracers moved downward 6 cm when water was added to simulate 1-10-year rainfall conditions and 8 cm when water was added to simulate 15-20-year rainfall conditions. The movement distance of tracers increased slowly with increasing water input, and the concentration of the tracers that moved related indirectly to the leaching area. Tracer movement at the edge of the simulated profile was affected by tracer type and concentration since there was no transition layer between soil and plastic column. Our field observations in two karst watersheds showed that ignoring the vertical movement of tracer can cause the overestimation of soil loss amount by 6.90% and 22.22% respectively. This study proved that in the karst area of Southwest China with abundant rainfall, <sup>137</sup>Cs would move vertically, and the soil loss will be overestimated if the vertical movement distance of the tracer is ignored.</p>

scholarly journals Modelisation Du Risque D’érosion Hydrique Par L’équation Universelle Des Pertes En Terre Dans Le Rif Occidental: Cas Du Bassin Versant De Moulay Bouchta (Maroc)

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anis Zouagui ◽  
Mohamed Sabir ◽  
Mustapha Naimi ◽  
Mohamed Chikhaoui ◽  
Moncef Benmansour
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Slope Length ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Effect Of Support ◽  
Soil Losses

Soil erosion causes many environmental and socio-economic problems: loss of biodiversity, decrease in the productivity of agricultural land, siltation of dams and increased risk of flooding. It is therefore essential to establish a detailed evaluation of this process before any spatial planning. To evaluate the effects of soil erosion spatially and quantitatively in order to face this phenomenon, and propose the best conservation and land development strategies, the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) coupled with a geographic information system (GIS) is applied. This model is a multiplication of the five erosion factors: the erosivity of the rain, the erodibility of the soil, the inclination and the slope length, the vegetation cover and the anti-erosion practices. The study area is the Moulay Bouchta watershed (7 889 ha), which is located in the western part of the Rif Mountains, is characterized by a complex and contrasting landscape. The resulting soil loss map shows an average erosion rate of 39.5 (t/ha/yr), 87% of the basin has an erosion rate above the tolerance threshold for soil loss (7 (t/ha/yr)). Soil losses per subbasin range from 16.2 to 81.4 (t/ha/yr). The amount of eroded soil is estimated at 311,591 (t/yr), corresponding to a specific degradation of 12.1 (t/ha/yr). In the absence of any erosion control, 25% of the soil losses would reach the new dam located a little upstream of the basin outlet, reducing its water mobilization capacity to 59,625 (m3/yr). The application of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to soil erosion factors shows a significant influence of topographic factor (LS) on soil erosion process, followed by the effect of support practices (P), then by soil erodibility (K).

scholarly journals Quantification of water related soil erosion in the transboundary basin of the Bia (West Africa)

2021 ◽  
Vol 384 ◽  
pp. 107-112
Author(s):  
N'diaye Edwige Hermann Meledje ◽  
Kouakou Lazare Kouassi ◽  
Yao Alexis N'Go
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Catchment Area ◽  
Erosion Rate ◽  
Random Variable ◽  
Erosion Rates ◽  
Transboundary Basin ◽  
Large Heterogeneity

Abstract. In view of the complexity of the phenomenon of water related soil erosion in the Bia catchment area, linked to a large heterogeneity of soils, to a very scattered and in some places non-existent vegetation cover, and to a poorly distributed precipitation in both space and time, a mapping test of the “specific erosion” random variable is undertaken. The mapping of the intensity of the erosion hazard was carried out using the Universal Soil Loss Model (USLE). The map shows that the basin is generally characterized by relatively moderate erosion rates with an average erosion rate of 16 t/ha/year.

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