scholarly journals Stadtmuseen als kulturelle Praxis. Zur Geschichte eines bürgerlichen Phänomens

2021 ◽  
pp. 575-660
Author(s):  
Celine Wawruschka
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Local History ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Formed Part ◽  
The 19Th Century

Municipal Museums as Cultural Practice. On the History of a Bourgeois Phenomenon. Research on the history of bourgeois collections in Lower Austria in the long 19th century turns its attention to a regional culture of science and historiography that formed part of the cultural practices that united the increasingly heterogeneous middle classes. Until the mid-19th century, the oldest bourgeois collections were still guided by the ideals of the Enlightenment and hence they closely resembled the contemporary aristocratic and monastic collections. In the second half of the 19th century, the municipal museums focussed on exhibiting local history. Thus municipal museums created, stabilised and represented the identity of the provincial middle classes (Bürgertum) and reflected their emancipatory ambitions. Nevertheless, the elites of the society of orders, the nobility and the clergy, still exerted considerable influence, particularly via the learned societies at the time.

Ashantis in Warsaw: Notions of “Blackness” in Polish Society at the Turn of the 20th Century – A Preparatory Contribution to Polish Colonial History

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Łuksza
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Human Condition ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Polish Society ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

The author recognizes Włodzimierz Perzyński’s comedy Aszantka as a meaningful remnant of „blackness” in the history of Polish theatre, and therefore she uses it as a point of entrance into a broader inquiry about the entanglement of Polish society into European colonial project, and the ideas, values, and cultural practices it entailed. That is why in the article the author attempts to reconstruct possible concepts and images of “blackness” which Warsaw dwellers might have shared at the end of the 19th century by analysing the reception of the performances of alleged representatives of Ashanti people in the Warsaw circus in 1888. From “Ashanti” performances on, the popularity of this type of entertainment – so called ethnographic shows or human zoos – grew in the colonized capital of the Kingdom of Poland. The author points to “savageness” and “nakedness” as constitutive traits of “blackness” which she understands as a specific human condition, experienced both by overseas colonized societies as well as subaltern social groups (to which “Aszantka” from Perzyński’s comedy belonged) in European societies.

scholarly journals Filozoficzno-historyczne zaplecze etyki biznesu

2018 ◽  
pp. 151-179
Author(s):  
Paweł Więckowski
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Contract ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
European Culture ◽  
History Of ◽  
History Of Culture ◽  
The 19Th Century

The text describes different philosophical concepts and historically important cultural phenomena that should be considered while rethinking ethical side of business. Broad range of both philosophical (such as the search for the foundations of morality, social contract) and social subjects (such as history of centralized state, individualism) is presented to help the reflections. The background for analysis is the history of culture, especially of primary collective society; contrasted with it is individualism of classical Athens with corresponding reaction of philosophers; development of state and Christianity in Roman Empire; organismic medieval state; Renaissance, reformation and the birth of capitalism; the Enlightenment breakthrough and English capitalism; liberalism and Darwinism of the 19th century; the catastrophe of European culture and success of America of the 20th century.

scholarly journals A. N. Minh’s study of the history of the Saratov Volga region settlement

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-269
Author(s):  
Alla S. Mayorova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Local History ◽  
Volga Region ◽  
Special Study ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Archive ◽  
The 19Th Century

The issue of the Saratov Volga region settlement by the peasantry was covered in the first works on local history. The beginning of its special study was associated with the need to clarify the reasons for the tense social situation that had developed in the region by the middle of the 19th century. A. N. Minh’s monograph was the first attempt at a purposeful search and consolidation of evidence on peasant colonization. It opens a series of papers devoted to this problem and published by members of the Saratov Scientific Archive Commission.

scholarly journals Mi forma de matar las pulgas

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 250-269
Author(s):  
Eduardo Mejía Prado
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Local History ◽  
Research Experience ◽  
Native Soil ◽  
History Of ◽  
Siglo Xix ◽  
Valle Del Cauca ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Reflective Essay

El autor ofrece un ensayo reflexivo sobre su experiencia investigativa en la realización del proyecto Historia de Bugalagrande. Describe la forma en que investigó y escribió la historia local de su terruño natal, un pueblo en el Valle del Cauca, desde el establecimiento de estancias a comienzo del siglo XVII, su transformación en hacienda y luego indivisos, hasta constituirse físicamente en un pueblo con sus calles y plazas a finales del siglo XIX. El texto referencia los apoyos teóricos, metodológicos, manejo de fuentes y la narrativa desarrollada por el autor. Las reflexiones desnudan la influencia de historiadores clásicos del marxismo inglés, la microhistoria italiana, la microhistoria mexicana e historiadores locales del Valle del Cauca. El proyecto y la experiencia se desarrollaron durante el periodo sabático del investigador.Palabras clave: Bugalagrande, teoría, metodología, fuentes, historia local.My way of killing fleas AbstractThe author offers a reflective essay on his research experience in the execution of the Historia de Bugalagrande project. He describes the way in which he researched and wrote on the local history of his native soil, a town in Valle del Cauca, from the establishing of ranches in the beginning of the 17th century, it’s transformation into an estate, and later, undivided property, until physically constituting itself into a town with its streets and plazas at the end of the 19th century. The text gives reference to the theoretical and methodological contributions, the handling of sources, and the narration developed by the author. The reflections lay bare the influence of the classical English Marxist historians, Italian microhistory, Mexican microhistory, and local historians from Valle del Cauca. The project and the experience were developed during the researcher’s sabbatical. Keywords: Bugalagrande, theory, methodology, sources, local history

scholarly journals Collections coloniales?

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Claire Brizon
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Cultural Institutions ◽  
Global History ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Shed Light

Based on three case studies of artifacts from 18th century collections preserved in Swiss cultural institutions, I attempt to rethink the use of the word "colonial" before the 19th century, and to apply it to describe collections from the modern period. I attempt to shed light on how these collections could be exhibited to provide critical perspective on these artefacts and the stories they are allowed to tell, in view of the upcoming exhibition entitled Exotic Switzerland? A Global History of the Enlightenment to open in 2020 at the Palais de Rumine in Lausanne.

Konstantin Vysotsky and the Media Revolution in a Siberian Regional Town of the Second Half of the 19th Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 86-102
Author(s):  
Natalya P. Dvortsova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
Book Printing ◽  
Cultural Transformations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City ◽  
Printing House

The article describes the activities of Konstantin Vysotsky (1836-1886), who was first to open a photographic studio (1866), a lithographic studio (1867), a printing house (1869), and a newspaper (1879) in Tyumen. The first consideration of Vysotsky in the context of the history of the media and their transformations/revolutions contributes to the novelty of the research. It allows for a description of his experience of media transformations in a Siberian regional town of the second half of the 19th century in a systematic way, as opposed to the local and fragmentary descriptions which existed in science until now. The research methodology is integrative in nature: the study of book printing as a cultural practice in connection with economic, social and cultural transformations within the boundaries of cultural history (F. Barbier) is combined with contextual and intertextual approaches, bibliological and structural-typological analysis. The research material contains Vysotsky’s book, photographic, lithographic, and newspaper heritage stored in the Russian National Library, Tobolsk Historical and Architectural Museum-Reserve, I.Ya. Slovtsov Museum Complex (Tyumen), and the Digital Collection of the University of Tyumen entitled K.N. Vysotsky and the Media Culture of Tyumen. Vysotsky is presented both as an object and a subject of the economic, technological, social, and cultural transformations of the city. He was actively and creatively changing it. Based on the analysis of Vysotsky’s journalistic and publishing activities, his role in the history of the Tyumen shipping company and railway is revealed. The connection between Vysotsky and the landscape transformations of the city is shown. The idea that Vysotsky’s figure can be interpreted in the context of the phenomenon of new people in Russia in the 1860s-1870s is introduced. It is shown that the Tyumen generation of new people (N.M. Chukmaldin, K.N. Vysotsky, I. A. Kalganov, etc.) with their daily practices (reading, self-education, movement towards “light and will”, a new order in servant-master relations) was being formed largely under the influence of Nikolay Chernyshevsky’s novel What Is to Be Done? Tales of New People (1863), Nikolai Yadrintsev’s ideas of Siberian renovation, Ivan Turgenev’s interpretation of the image of Don Quixote (Hamlet and Don Quixote, 1860). Intertextual connections of the system of motifs revealing the image of new people in Nikolai Chukmaldin’s memoirs Notes on My Life (1902) and Chernyshevsky’s novel are presented. It is established that the first book published by Vysotsky, Charter of the Estate Manager Club in Tyumen, actually became a message about a new life of the city which Vysotsky and Chukmaldin addressed to the people of Tyumen. Another finding is the logic of Vysotsky’s professional development from photography to book printing. The author discusses the structure of the Vysotsky printing house repertoire dominated by documentary and non-fiction genres (road books, statutes, reports, calendars, catalogs, etc.). The complementarity of the book and visual (photographic and lithographic associated with the graphosphere) portraits of Tyumen created by Vysotsky contributed to a new hyper-reality which appeared in the city.

Von der Dreiständelehre zur Bereichsethik

1999 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 262-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Honecker
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Social Ethics ◽  
History Of Ethics ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Theological Foundations ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Abstract Social ethics today is understood as an ethics of the institutions of human social interaction. It originated as a discipline during the 19th century under the influence of the modern social sciences. Thus it is a child of the Enlightenment. A Look at the history of ethics, however, reveals that the reformational theory of the three estates (Dreiständelehre) represents an early stage in the development of social ethics. lts origin in Aristotelian philosophy, its development within the Lutheran Reformation, and its end in the Enlightenment are portrayed. Current differentiation of ethics into special areas (Bereichsethiken) as well as efforts to establish the ethos specific to and goveming the application of ethical principles to autonomaus areas of responsibility motivate the topic and intention of this reexamination of the historic theory of the three estates, especially with respect to its theological foundations

scholarly journals Content Analysis and Understanding of the First Local History of Sheki Province in the 19th Century

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjad Hosseini ◽  
Hossein Mir J’afari ◽  
Loghman Dehghan Niyeri
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Local History ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

scholarly journals A neurological bias in the history of hysteria: from the womb to the nervous system and Charcot

2014 ◽  
Vol 72 (12) ◽  
pp. 972-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marleide da Mota Gomes ◽  
Eliasz Engelhardt
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Behavioral Disorders ◽  
Neurological Disorder ◽  
Ancient Egypt ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

Hysteria conceptions, from ancient Egypt until the 19th century Parisian hospital based studies, are presented from gynaecological and demonological theories to neurological ones. The hysteria protean behavioral disorders based on nervous origin was proposed at the beginning, mainly in Great Britain, by the “enlightenment nerve doctors”. The following personages are highlighted: Galen, William, Sydenham, Cullen, Briquet, and Charcot with his School. Charcot who had hysteria and hypnotism probably as his most important long term work, developed his conceptions, initially, based on the same methodology he applied to studies of other neurological disorder. Some of his associates followed him in his hysteria theories, mainly Paul Richer and Gilles de La Tourette who produced, with the master's support, expressive books on Salpêtrière School view on hysteria.

scholarly journals Eurocentrism and the Historical Perception About the Malays

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 06005
Author(s):  
Azmi Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Indigenous People ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Local History ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
British Colonialism ◽  
European Values ◽  
History Of ◽  
The 19Th Century

This study examines the effects of Eurocentrism to the view of the character, nature and image of the Malays especially in the period of British colonialism in the 19th century. This research explains why Eurocentrism creates confusing and negative views of the nature, civilisation and wisdom of the indigenous people. Eurocentrism is a form of thoughts that often measures and defines non-European civilisation through historical, cultural, religious, geographical, scientific and progressive perspectives based on Western or European values, which is considered to be supreme. The beliefs transpired in the minds of scholars and European politicians as early as the 16th century, and some were extended in the writings about local history by means of the roles played by the European colonial explorers and administrators. In the process of colonising and exploiting the wealth of the indigenous people, the European explorers and administrators often created records that could explain not only the economic potentials of the area that they intend to colonise, but also depicted the inferior characteristics and civilisations of that society to justify their colonisation attempts. In the process, they produced a record of colonial history which later became key references to historians to understand and explain the traits of the indigenous peoples. The ideas behind that colonial history were not only biased as the result of exaggerating the ignorance and retrogression of the indigenous people; it even sought to undermine the wisdom and civilisation of the indigenous people. This is to highlight their own superiority and noble values when placed side by side with the values of the indigenous people. Despite the prejudice, the Eurocentric colonial history is very influential in Malaysia's historiography until this day. This study explains how the influence of thoughts has blurred the understanding of the actual traits of the indigenous peoples and create an apparent confusion over the history of Malay society.

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