A Scoping Review Examining Interventions Intended to Help LGBTQIA+ Youth Transition Out of Homelessness

Objective: Youth self-identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, questioning/queer, intersex, asexual, and other identities (LGBTQIA+) are overrepresented among the homeless youth population in western countries. Although scholars have documented the situations and events contributing to disproportionately high rates of homelessness among LGBTQIA+ youth compared to cisgender peers, researchers have not as thoroughly examined the efficacy of services available to this group to assist their transition from homelessness to stable residency. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the peer-reviewed literature to determine how many journal articles have been generated that addressed (a) the assessment of client satisfaction or (b) the effectiveness of intervention designed to help LGBTQIA+ homeless youth transition from homelessness to stable tenancy. Method: A database search of six peer-reviewed, health care publication indexes, with 50 key search terms was performed. The database search spanned publication years with no beginning year, but ended in January 2021. Results: Nineteen articles were identified that described programming, reported intervention outcomes, or outlined policies and recommendations intended to help LGBTQIA+ youth transition out of homelessness. Of the 19 studies, only five (26.31%) reported program evaluation (n=1, 5.26%), the assessment of intervention effectiveness (n=2, 10.52%), or an analysis of client satisfaction (n=2, 10.52%). Findings exemplify the dearth of scholarship and research examining this area of academic inquiry and public health need. Discussion: Without empirical research investigating service provision for the LGBTQIA+ homeless youth population, service providers have little data upon which to inform practice based on an understanding of the services that are needed and desired by this population to transition out of homelessness, the effectiveness and perceived satisfaction of those services, and whether services should be modified to better meet the needs of those for whom it was intended. Scholars and researchers are called upon to generate this needed public health research, which should include service recipient perspectives to target outcomes and interpret findings.

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Linking fathers and children in administrative data for public health research: a systematic scoping review

The Lancet ◽

10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02548-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 398 ◽

pp. S5

Author(s):

Irina Lut ◽

Katie Harron ◽

Pia Hardelid ◽

Margaret O'Brien ◽

Jenny Woodman

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Administrative Data ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Public Health Research

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"Hey Faggot" Understanding that the Current Homeless System Planning Policy, and Land Use Planning Tools is not Designed to Address the Socialized and Institutionalized Disregard for the LGBTQ Homeless Youth Population

10.32920/ryerson.14656020 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

James Bar

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Urban Planning ◽

Land Use Planning ◽

Homeless Youth ◽

Service Providers ◽

Current System ◽

Skills Training ◽

Survival Sex ◽

Planning Tools ◽

Youth Population

Making up a disproportionate amount of the homeless youth population, LGBTQ homeless youth face a myriad of problems from increased depression and anxiety, emotional and belonging issues; higher rates of suicide, drug and alcohol abuse; and higher rates of STI and heath problems associated with increased rates of survival sex. The findings, derived from a literature review, a review of current policies and land use planning tools in Toronto, interviews with two frontline homeless service providers and two policy workers, have brought to light areas where the profession of urban planning can contribute to reform the current system of shelter and support facilities. Through language and skills training, provincial and municipal policy on housing and homelessness, land use planning tools of zoning by-‐laws and public consultations and the siting of facilities, and political backing, urban planning can help to aid in the provision of services for LGBTQ homeless youth.

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Ethical, legal and social issues in the use of mobile technologies and archived cellphone data in the East African region: A Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.35062 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Juliet Sekandi ◽

Kenya Murray ◽

Corinne Berryman ◽

Paula Davis-Olwell ◽

Caroline Hurst ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mobile Phone ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Mobile Technologies ◽

Mobile Phone Data ◽

East African ◽

African Region ◽

East African Region

BACKGROUND Mobile phone adoption and the implementation of mobile health (mHealth) interventions to overcome health system challenges is on the rise in Africa and elsewhere in the world. Data derived from mobile phones hold great promise for transforming healthcare delivery and public health research. To date, little is known about the ethical, legal and social concerns related to the use of these data in Africa. OBJECTIVE We conducted a scoping review to explore the existing literature in order to understand the current ethical issues that arise when using mobile technology interventions and call detail records for public health research in the context of East Africa. METHODS We searched PubMed database for published studies describing ethical challenges while using mobile technologies and data in public health research between 2000 and 2020. A predefined search strategy was used as inclusion criteria with search terms such as “East Africa”, “mHealth”, “mobile phone data”, “public health”, “ethics”, or “privacy”. We followed five stages of a published framework for scoping reviews by Arksey and O’Malley. These stages include: (1) identifying the research question; (2) identifying relevant studies; (3) study selection; (4) charting the data; and (5) collating, summarizing, and reporting the results. Studies were screened using pre-specified eligibility criteria through a two-stage process by two independent reviewers. Data extracted included title, publication year, target population, geographic region, setting, and relevance to mHealth and ethics. RESULTS Of the 94 studies identified from PubMed, 33 met the review inclusion criteria for the final scoping review. The included studies were conducted in three out of five countries in the East African Community. Five themes emerged as major concerns for using mHealth interventions and mobile phone data: privacy and confidentiality, data security and protection concerns, sociocultural issues, regulatory and legal and, adequate informed consent process. CONCLUSIONS This scoping review identified major crosscutting concerns related to use of mobile technologies and mobile phone data common to the East African region. A comprehensive framework that accounts for ethical, sociocultural, legal and regulatory concerns and, adequate consent process is needed to guide the safe use of mobile technology data for public health research purposes.

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Trafficking in persons: a health concern?

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/s1413-81232009000400010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 1029-1035 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Cathy Zimmerman ◽

Ligia Kiss ◽

Mazeda Hossain ◽

Charlotte Watts

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Human Trafficking ◽

Service Providers ◽

Sexual Exploitation ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Health Needs ◽

Health Concern ◽

Brazilian Government ◽

The Government ◽

The Individual

Human trafficking is a phenomenon that has now been documented in most regions in the world. Although trafficking of women and girls for sexual exploitation is the most commonly recognised form of trafficking, it is widely acknowledged that human trafficking also involves men, women and children who are trafficked for various forms of labour exploitation and into other abusive circumstances. Despite the violence and harm inherent in most trafficking situations, there remains extremely little evidence on the individual and public health implications of any form of human trafficking. The Brazilian government has recently launched a national plan to combat human trafficking. However, because the health risks associated with human trafficking have not been well-recognised or documented, there is extremely limited reliable data on the health needs of trafficked persons to inform policy and practices.. Brazilian policy-makers and service providers should be encouraged to learn about the likely range of health impacts of trafficking, and incorporate this into anti-trafficking protection and response strategies. As well as prevention activities, the government, international and local organisations should work together with the public health research community to study the health needs of trafficked persons and explore opportunities to provide safe and appropriate services to victims in need of care.

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A scoping review of the use of Twitter for public health research

Computers in Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1016/j.compbiomed.2020.103770 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 122 ◽

pp. 103770 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Oduwa Edo-Osagie ◽

Beatriz De La Iglesia ◽

Iain Lake ◽

Obaghe Edeghere

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Public Health Research

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Biobanking in Estonia

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1177/1073110516644186 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 20-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Aime Keis

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Service Providers ◽

Adult Population ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Population Based ◽

Third Party ◽

International Data ◽

Genome Center ◽

Genealogical Information

Estonia is a democratic, parliamentary republic with a health care system that is built on the principle of compulsory, solidarity-based insurance and the all-round availability of services of private service providers. Estonia has specific biobank legislation as well as oversight via data protection laws. Its population-based biobank, the Estonian Genome Center (EGCUT), established in 2001, is one of the largest biobanks in Europe, and its database may be used only for scientific research, public health research, and statistics. The EGCUT can issue data to a third party, but only in coded form. This comprehensive database of genotypic, phenotypic, health, and genealogical information represents about 5% of Estonia's adult population, and is the largest cohort ever gathered in Estonia. Government approval is required for international data sharing, and sharing can be further limited by the requirement of ethics approval and permission from Estonian government.

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Diverse Approaches to Creating and Using Causal Loop Diagrams in Public Health Research: Recommendations From a Scoping Review

Public Health Reviews ◽

10.3389/phrs.2021.1604352 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

Author(s):

Lori Baugh Littlejohns ◽

Carly Hill ◽

Cory Neudorf

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Journal Article ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Group Processes ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Causal Loop ◽

Causal Loop Diagrams

Objectives: Complex systems thinking methods are increasingly called for and used as analytical lenses in public health research. The use of qualitative system mapping and in particular, causal loop diagrams (CLDs) is described as one promising method or tool. To our knowledge there are no published literature reviews that synthesize public health research regarding how CLDs are created and used.Methods: We conducted a scoping review to address this gap in the public health literature. Inclusion criteria included: 1) focused on public health research, 2) peer reviewed journal article, 3) described and/or created a CLD, and 4) published in English from January 2018 to March 2021. Twenty-three articles were selected from the search strategy.Results: CLDs were described as a new tool and were based upon primary and secondary data, researcher driven and group processes, and numerous data analysis methods and frameworks. Intended uses of CLDs ranged from illustrating complexity to informing policy and practice.Conclusion: From our learnings we propose nine recommendations for building knowledge and skill in creating and using CLDs for future public health research.

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Implications for public health research of models and theories of disability: a scoping study and evidence synthesis

Public Health Research ◽

10.3310/phr04080 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

pp. 1-166 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Maria Berghs ◽

Karl Atkin ◽

Hilary Graham ◽

Chris Hatton ◽

Carol Thomas

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Decision Aid ◽

Public Health Research ◽

Health Interventions ◽

Evidence Based ◽

Disabled People ◽

Public Health Interventions ◽

Models Of Disability

BackgroundPublic health interventions that are effective in the general population are often assumed to apply to people with impairments. However, the evidence to support this is limited and hence there is a need for public health research to take a more explicit account of disability and the perspectives of people with impairments.Objectives(1) To examine the literature on theories and models of disability; (2) to assess whether or not, and how, intervention studies of effectiveness could incorporate more inclusive approaches that are consistent with these theories and models; and (3) to use the findings to draw out implications for improving evaluative study designs and evidence-based practice.Review methodsThe project is a scoping review of the literature. The first stage examines theories and models of disability and reflects on possible connections between theories of disability and public health paradigms. This discussion is used to develop an ethical–empirical decision aid/checklist, informed by a human rights approach to disability and ecological approaches to public health. We apply this decision aid in the second stage of the review to evaluate the extent to which the 30 generic public health reviews of interventions and the 30 disability-specific public health interventions include the diverse experiences of disability. Five deliberation panels were also organised to further refine the decision aid: one with health-care professionals and four with politically and socially active disabled people.ResultsThe evidence from the review indicated that there has been limited public health engagement with theories and models of disability. Outcome measures were often insensitive to the experiences of disability. Even when disabled people were included, studies rarely engaged with their experiences in any meaningful way. More inclusive research should reflect how people live and ‘flourish’ with disability.LimitationsThe scoping review provides a broad appraisal of a particular field. It generates ideas for future practice rather than a definite framework for action.ConclusionsOur ethical–empirical decision aid offers a critical framework with which to evaluate current research practice. It also offers a resource for promoting more ethical and evidence-based public health research that is methodologically robust while being sensitive to the experiences of disability.Future workDeveloping more inclusive research and interventions that avoid conceptualising disability as either a ‘burden’ or ‘problem’ is an important starting point. This includes exploring ways of refining and validating current common outcome measures to ensure that they capture a diverse range of disabling experiences, as well as generating evidence on meaningful ways of engaging a broad range of disabled children and adults in the research process.FundingThe National Institute for Health Research Public Health Research programme.

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No Safe Place to Go - LGBTQ Youth Homelessness in Canada: Reviewing the Literature

Canadian Journal of Family and Youth / Le Journal Canadien de Famille et de la Jeunesse ◽

10.29173/cjfy16579 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 29-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Ilona Alex Abramovich

Keyword(s):

North America ◽

Support Services ◽

Homeless Youth ◽

Service Providers ◽

Lgbtq Youth ◽

Comprehensive Overview ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Youth Homelessness ◽

Safe Place ◽

Youth Population

Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transsexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) youth are overrepresented in the homeless youth population in North America. This review brings together the literature on the topic of LGBTQ youth homelessness and provides a comprehensive overview of the unique needs of this population, as well as gaps and barriers to support. The review culminates in recommendations for support services and further research on this topic. This review should be particularly useful for youth shelter and service providers, and policy makers to respond to the needs of this population and to enhance knowledge in this area more broadly.

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