Internet regulation: The need for more transparent Internet filtering systems and improved measurement of public opinion on Internet filtering

First Monday ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Koumartzis ◽  
Andreas Veglis
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
World Wide ◽  
National Level ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Internet Filtering ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Democracies

All around the world, the phenomenon of Internet regulation is on the rise as more and more countries implement such policies, from Asian authoritarian regimes to Western democracies. At the same time, the great majority of Internet users are not aware that they access a filtered version of World Wide Web due to the “non–transparent” policy of many governments, something that results to a very dangerous precedent for the future of the Internet. In this paper, the authors promote and encourage the participation of Internet users in the designing procedure of Internet Regulation Systems (IRSs), as a way to develop effective and ethically correct systems. This can be done via well–formatted surveys conducted in national level in order to measure public opinion and point out user’s needs. To justify their approach, the authors discuss the results of the available related surveys conducted around the globe. Last, in order to attract researchers in the field, they launched a portal for the International project WebObserver.net (http://webobserver.net/) via which they provide all the needed tools for researchers to conduct such surveys with ease and with the minimum time needed.

The Survey

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-91
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
National Level ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Safeguard Measures ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World

There are very few surveys conducted worldwide regarding internet users' opinions about internet regulation. What's more, the authors have already discussed the importance of measuring public opinion around the world in their endeavour to design and propose a fair IRS that will be accepted by the internet users at a national level. In this chapter, the authors discuss the design of their questionnaire and how it was evolved from the initial 2007 UK questionnaire to the current one that was used for conducting surveys in six different countries. This chapter presents the procedure that was used for collecting responses and what kinds of “safeguard” measures were taken in order to avoid deterioration of the gathered survey data. What's more, the analysis procedure of the gathered data is being presented, and the authors discuss the possibility of biased questionnaires and how the latter can be tackled further in future research.

Internet Regulation and Online Censorship

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 66-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Koumartzis ◽  
Andreas Veglis
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Democracies

This paper explores the development of Internet regulation policies worldwide since the birth of the World Wide Web, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the main filtering methods in use today, and presents two of the most important Internet Regulation Systems (IRS) implemented in authoritarian regimes and Western democracies around the globe. Moreover, the authors propose the conduction of well-designed surveys worldwide in order to measure Internet User's opinion and use such results as a starting point for developing a fair “Internet Regulation System” (fair IRS) in the future. Last, the authors introduce a new online tool for conducting related surveys, www.WebObserver.net project.

Internet Regulation and Online Censorship

2019 ◽  
pp. 1640-1656
Author(s):  
Nikolaos Koumartzis ◽  
Andreas Veglis
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Online Tool ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Internet Regulation ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Western Democracies

This paper explores the development of Internet regulation policies worldwide since the birth of the World Wide Web, describes the advantages and disadvantages of the main filtering methods in use today, and presents two of the most important Internet Regulation Systems (IRS) implemented in authoritarian regimes and Western democracies around the globe. Moreover, the authors propose the conduction of well-designed surveys worldwide in order to measure Internet User's opinion and use such results as a starting point for developing a fair “Internet Regulation System” (fair IRS) in the future. Last, the authors introduce a new online tool for conducting related surveys, www.WebObserver.net project.

The New French Electoral Law and the Elections of 1928

1928 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 684-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter R. Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
National Elections ◽  
National Union ◽  
Logical Interpretation ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Program ◽  
Electoral Law ◽  
Western Democracies

The year 1928 will witness national elections in at least three of the great western democracies of the world. The first of these important electoral contests took place in France on the last two Sundays in April. Following a campaign of unique character, some 8,000,000 voters went to the polls to pass judgment upon the record of M. Poincaré's National Union government—a government headed, strangely enough, by the same man whom the electorate had seemingly repudiated four years earlier. Not only was this contest unusual in that it brought into play certain new kinds of campaign technique, but when carefully analyzed in the light of the operation of the new electoral law, the outcome almost defies any logical interpretation. On the surface, it has been heralded as a great personal triumph for Premier Poincaré as the “savior of the franc.” But more than that one cannot say; for he presented his case without the least semblance of a political program, and the party complexion of the newly elected Chamber of Deputies is baffling. Nor is one certain that it faithfully reflects the existing state of public opinion in the nation.A resumé of the provisions of the latest electoral law, enacted in July, 1927, is necessary for a full understanding of what happened at the polls. In France, as all students of politics know, “electoral reform” is a perennial question. Since 1871 five successive systems of voting have been used: to 1885, the scrutin uninominal, or d'arrondissement; from 1885 to 1889, the scrutin de liste; from 1889 to 1919, the scrutin uninominal again; from 1919 to 1927, the scrutin de liste, with partial proportional representation; and now a reversion once more to the old scrutin uninominal.

Democracy, Narcissism, and the World Wide Web

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 252-274
Author(s):  
Craig Condella ◽  
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Martin Heidegger ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
The World ◽  
Ongoing Development ◽  
Democratic Ideals

Against a thinker like Martin Heidegger who takes restraints on individual freedom and the promotion of authoritarianism as implicit features in the ongoing development of technology, Andrew Feenberg argues for a “democratic rationalization” of modern technology whereby people effectively choose their own futures, not in spite of their tools, but increasingly because of them. Acknowledging the Web’s democratic potential, I believe that a new threat—far different from authoritarian regimes or structures—has emerged: a rampant and multifarious narcissism that threatens to drown democratic ideals in a wave of self-obsession and self-promotion.

Web Algorithms for Information Retrieval

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Bouchra Frikh ◽  
Brahim Ouhbi
Keyword(s):  
World Wide ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Quality Information ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Page Rank ◽  
Ranking Algorithms ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

The World Wide Web has emerged to become the biggest and most popular way of communication and information dissemination. Every day, the Web is expending and people generally rely on search engine to explore the web. Because of its rapid and chaotic growth, the resulting network of information lacks of organization and structure. It is a challenge for service provider to provide proper, relevant and quality information to the internet users by using the web page contents and hyperlinks between web pages. This paper deals with analysis and comparison of web pages ranking algorithms based on various parameters to find out their advantages and limitations for ranking web pages and to give the further scope of research in web pages ranking algorithms. Six important algorithms: the Page Rank, Query Dependent-PageRank, HITS, SALSA, Simultaneous Terms Query Dependent-PageRank (SQD-PageRank) and Onto-SQD-PageRank are presented and their performances are discussed.

scholarly journals 1050 COMPUTER AIDED COMMUNICATION FOR HORTICULTURISTS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 579a-579
Author(s):  
Tim Rhodus
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Secondary Science ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Science Students ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Live Action ◽  
Travel Distances

Effective communication of horticultural information over long distances requires the ability to present and receive not only text-based information but also images, sounds, and live-action video. Until recently, the Internet enabled users to communicate in each of these four modes, but not simultaneously. However, as a result of the World-Wide Web (WWW) project and the creation of NCSA Mosaic software, Internet users are able to access and deliver practically any form of communication, as long as it can be digitized. Information from around the world on literally thousands of subjects is now available 24 hours a day. Opportunities to communicate with the general public, primary and secondary science students, or practicing horticulturists are no longer limited by publication delays, travel distances, or media limitations.

Machine Translation as the Future of International Online Communication

2011 ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
N. St. Germaine-Madison
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
Machine Translation ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
The World ◽  
Native Speakers Of English

American “ownership” of the World Wide Web is on the decline. In fact, two-thirds to three-fourths of Internet users are not native speakers of English. It thus does not require a leap of logic to imagine how many more non-U.S. users would buy from American e-commerce sites or even purchase American-manufactured products if they had access to translations of these e-commerce pages and technical documents in their native languages. The most oftcited reason for not providing content in other languages, however, is the sheer cost involved of first hiring a translator to translate the original content and then keeping material updated. This chapter examines uses of machine translation as a mechanism for addressing these linguistic needs.

Web Caching System

2017 ◽  
pp. 184-204
Author(s):  
Sathiyamoorthi V.
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Web Caching ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Great Demand ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Internet Medium

It is generally observed throughout the world that in the last two decades, while the average speed of computers has almost doubled in a span of around eighteen months, the average speed of the network has doubled merely in a span of just eight months! In order to improve the performance, more and more researchers are focusing their research in the field of computers and its related technologies. World Wide Web (WWW) is one of the services provided by the Internet medium for sharing of information. As a result, millions of applications run on the Internet and cause increased network traffic and put a great demand on the available network infrastructure. With the increase in the number of Internet users, it is necessary to enhance the speed. This paper addresses the above issues and proposes a novel integrated approach by reviewing the works related to Web caching and Web pre-fetching.

Librarians as Info Architects

2011 ◽  
pp. 189-201
Author(s):  
Paula J. Wolfe ◽  
Lori A. Olson
Keyword(s):  
World Wide Web ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

Many Internet users believe that archival collections should and will be digitized and placed on the World Wide Web for all to use. This belief derives from several unrealistic ideas about what the Web can do, what archival collections are, and that technology, including processing, storage and display, is free. Attempts have been made by small and large libraries to meet expectations only to find that staff requirements, as well as financial and technological issues, present too many difficulties to overcome (Nelson, 1996). Archivists are now reevaluating the Web and the benefits it offers to their repositories.

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