scholarly journals SHARED NETWORKS: THE PATHS OF LATIN-CENTRIC INDIGENOUS NETWORKS TO A PLURIVERSAL INTERNET

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda R. Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Indigenous People ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Electromagnetic Spectrum ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Local Networks ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Network Interconnection ◽  
Shared Networks

This research paper examines the emergence of shared networks in Tseltal and Zapoteco communities in Chiapas and Oaxaca (Mexico): internet first mile signal-sharing practices that articulate interconnection infrastructure and coexistence values to extend the internet to areas where the services of existing larger internet service providers are unsatisfactory or unavailable. In the case studies analyzed, indigenous people become internet codesigners by infrastructuring for their own local networks and interconnecting to the global internet. The paper argues that a hybrid materializes at the level of network interconnection when comunalidad, or the way of these communities, supported by unlicensed frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum, towers, radio antennas, houses rooftops, routers, and cables meet the values of the internet service providers and their policies. Shared networks are a result of what these arrangements both enact and constrain, and the evidence of vivid struggles of Latin-centric indigenous networks towards a pluriversal internet.

Cyberpolitik

ADALAH ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Munadhil Abdul Muqsith
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Total Population ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Mailing List ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
Internet Media ◽  
First Time

Abstract:The internet developed for the first time in Indonesia in the early 1990s. Starting from the pagayuban network, it is now expanding without boundaries anywhere. A survey conducted by the Indonesian Internet Service Providers Association (APJII) said that the number of internet users in Indonesia in 2012 reached 63 million people or 24.23 percent of the country's total population. Next year, that figure is predicted to increase by close to 30 percent to 82 million users and continue to grow to 107 million in 2014 and 139 million or 50 percent of the total population in 2015. million people. This matter also results in political communication with the internet media, or is often said to be cyber politics. Cyber politics in Indonesia has faced growth in recent years. There are many facilities that support the growth of cyber politics, such as Facebook, Twitter, mailing list, YouTube, and others.Keywords: Cyberpolitik, Internet  Abstrak:Internet berkembang pertama kali di Indonesia pada awal tahun 1990-an. Diawali dari pagayuban network kini berkembang luas tanpa batas dimanapun juga. Suatu survei yang diselenggarakan Asosiasi Penyelenggara Jasa Internet Indonesia (APJII) mengatakan kalau jumlah pengguna internet di Indonesia tahun 2012 menggapai 63 juta orang ataupun 24,23 persen dari total populasi negeri ini. Tahun depan, angka itu diprediksi naik dekat 30 persen jadi 82 juta pengguna serta terus berkembang jadi 107 juta pada 2014 serta 139 juta ataupun 50 persen total populasi pada 2015. juta orang. Perihal ini pula berakibat pada komunikasi politik dengan media internet, ataupun kerap diucap dengan cyber politic. Cyber politic di Indonesia hadapi pertumbuhan sebagian tahun terakhir. Banyaknya fasilitas yang menunjang pertumbuhan cyber politic semacam terdapatnya facebook, Twitter, mailing list, youtobe, serta lain-lain.Kata Kunci: Cyberpolitik, Internet 

STRATEGIC INTERACTION OF PROVIDERS FOR DIFFERENTIATED INTERNET SERVICES

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 102-113
Author(s):  
Alexey Gaivoronski ◽  
◽  
Vasily Gorbachuk ◽  
Maxim Dunaievskiy ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Network Capacity ◽  
Global Network ◽  
High Price ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Services ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Video Content ◽  
Internet Service

As computing and Internet connections become general-purpose technologies and services aimed at broad global markets, questions arise about the effectiveness of such markets in terms of public welfare, the participation of differentiated service providers and end-users. Motorola’s Iridium Global Communications project was completed in the 1990s due to similar issues, reaching the goal of technological connectivity for the first time. As Internet services are characterized by high innovation, differentiation and dynamism, they can use well-known models of differentiated products. However, the demand functions in such models are hyperbolic rather than linear. In addition, such models are stochastic and include providers with different ways of competing. In the Internet ecosystem, the links between Internet service providers (ISPs) as telecommunications operators and content service providers are important, especially high-bandwidth video content providers. As increasing bandwidth requires new investments in network capacity, both video content providers and ISPs need to be motivated to do so. In order to analyze the relationships between Internet service providers and content providers in the Internet ecosystem, computable models, based on the construction of payoff functions for all the participants in the ecosystem, are suggested. The introduction of paid content browsing will motivate Internet service providers to invest in increasing the capacity of the global network, which has a trend of exponential growth. At the same time, such a browsing will violate the principles of net neutrality, which provides grounds for the development of new tasks to minimize the violations of net neutrality and maximize the social welfare of the Internet ecosystem. The models point to the importance of the efficiency of Internet service providers, the predictability of demand and the high price elasticity of innovative services.

Controlling Electronic Intrusion by Unsolicited Unwanted Bulk Spam

2009 ◽  
pp. 136-147
Author(s):  
Phaedon John Kozyris
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Present Review ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Monetary Cost ◽  
Know How ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Basic Approaches

The ordinary and uncomplicated Spam menace is made possible by technological advances which enable the sender to dispatch millions if not billions of commercial messages without significant monetary cost and without wasting time. The present review will focus on fundamentals, exploring what has already been done and suggesting avenues of improvement. The chapter promotes basic approaches of handling Spam depending on the actions and choices of the receiver. The anti-Spam campaign needs effective enforcement powers and should be able to use all available technological know-how. As the vagaries of enforcement are presented, the role of the Internet Service Providers and advertisers is envisaged.

Internet Neutrality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Löblich
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Communication Studies ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Internet Neutrality

Internet neutrality—usually net(work) neutrality—encompasses the idea that all data packets that circulate on the Internet should be treated equally, without discriminating between users, types of content, platforms, sites, applications, equipment, or modes of communication. The debate about this normative principle revolves around the Internet as a set of distribution channels and how and by whom these channels can be used to control communication. The controversy was spurred by advancements in technology, the increased usage of bandwidth-intensive services, and changing economic interests of Internet service providers. Internet service providers are not only important technical but also central economic actors in the management of the Internet’s architecture. They seek to increase revenue, to recover sizable infrastructure upgrades, and expand their business model. This has consequences for the net neutrality principle, for individual users and corporate content providers. In the case of Internet service providers becoming content providers themselves, net neutrality proponents fear that providers may exclude competitor content, distribute it poorly and more slowly, and require competitors to pay for using high-speed networks. Net neutrality is not only a debate on infrastructure business models that is carried out in economic expert circles. On the contrary, and despite its technical character, it has become an issue in the public debate and an issue that is framed not only in economic but also in political and social terms. The main dividing line in the debate is whether net neutrality regulation is necessary or not and what scope net neutrality obligations should have. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in the United States passed new net neutrality rules in 2015 and strengthened its legal underpinning regarding the regulation of Internet service providers (ISPs). With the Telecoms Single Market Regulation, for the first time there will be a European Union–wide legislation for net neutrality, but not recent dilution of requirements. From a communication studies perspective, Internet neutrality is an issue because it relates to a number of topics addressed in communication research, including communication rights, diversity of media ownership, media distribution, user control, and consumer protection. The connection between legal and economic bodies of research, dominating net neutrality literature, and communication studies is largely underexplored. The study of net neutrality would benefit from such a linkage.

scholarly journals The Communications Decency Act of 1996: Why § 230 is Outdated and Publisher Liability for Defamation Should be Reinstated Against Internet Service Providers

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew G. Jeweler
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Third Party ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
The Common ◽  
Defamation Law

 When Congress enacted § 230 of the Communications Decency Act ("CDA")1 it changed the landscape of defamation law on the Internet. In the eleven years since Congress passed § 230, courts have interpreted it broadly, giving seemingly complete immunity to internet service providers ("ISPs") and website operators in third-party claims for defamation committed on the Internet.2 This essay argues that today, with the Internet being the dominant medium that it is, the CDA is outdated and unfair, and should be amended or repealed in favor of the common law framework for publisher liability in defamation.3

scholarly journals Difficulties in Establishing Liability in Online Defamation; Tanzania Experience

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Charles W. Marwa
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Choice Of Law ◽  
Electronic Evidence ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The Government

This paper is devoted to uncover difficulties in establishing liability in online defamation in Tanzania. The focus is on the effectiveness of the current laws and regulations relating to online defamation; and the lack of awareness on the part of the general public on legal and practical challenges in establishing liability over defamatory comments occurring on the internet. The investigator discovered that, the existing legal framework in Tanzania cover issues of establishing liability in online defamation suffers from a number of inadequacies. Moreover the legal and practical challenges includes, the weakness of some law and regulations covering online defamation, limitation periods, jurisdiction and choice of law issues, investigation and admissibility of electronic evidence and its authenticity, identifying anonymous defendant and the rights to privacy. The author recommends that the government has to consider amending its law by taking on board the forgotten stakeholders opinions that would address by dealing with specific issues of liability in online defamation to internet users, Internet Service providers(ISP’s) and intermediary for their defamatory comments.

Liability of Internet Service Providers under Nigerian Law

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 352-370
Author(s):  
Bernard Jemilohun
Keyword(s):  
Crime Prevention ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Common Knowledge ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Legislative Power ◽  
Private Rights

AbstractThis paper examines the role of Internet Service Providers as bridges and intermediaries between private persons, organizations even government arms and the Internet and the liabilities placed on them by the law with regard to wrongful acts of their subscribers or clients under the laws of Nigeria. It is common knowledge that actions againstISPs are commonest with defamation and infringement of copyright. The legal framework in theUSand the UKare examined to determine if there are lessons to learn for Nigeria. The Nigerian legal framework also places some responsibilities on ISPs with regard to crime prevention and prosecution. This is because private rights are not yet much of an issue in the Nigerian cyberspace. The paper points out that much of the regulation governingISPs liability in respect of civil matters do not have legislative power but are mere guidelines and suggests that theUSand UKpatterns have a lot to offer Nigeria.

scholarly journals The Effect of Caching on CP and ISP Policies in Information-Centric Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Hamid Garmani ◽  
Driss Ait Omar ◽  
Mohamed El Amrani ◽  
Mohamed Baslam ◽  
Mostafa Jourhmane
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Internet Traffic ◽  
Noncooperative Game ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Service Providers ◽  
Response Dynamics ◽  
Internet Service ◽  
Content Provider

Internet traffic volume is increasing, and this causes scalability issues in content delivery. Information-centric network has been introduced to support this increase in Internet traffic through caching. While collaborative caching in information-centric network is a crucial feature to improve network performance and reduce delivery costs in content distribution, the current pricing strategies on the Internet are not incentive compatible with information-centric network interconnection. In this paper, we focus on the economic incentive interactions in caching deployment between several types of information-centric network providers (content provider and Internet service provider). In particular, we develop game-theoretic models to study the interaction between providers in an information-centric network model where the providers are motivated to cache and share content. We use a generalized Zipf distribution to model content popularity. We formulate the interactions between the Internet service providers and between the content providers as a noncooperative game. We use a Stackelberg game model to capture the interactions between the content provider and Internet service providers. Through mathematical analysis, we prove the existence and uniqueness of the Nash equilibrium under some conditions. An iterative and distributed algorithm based on best response dynamics is proposed to achieve the equilibrium point. The numerical simulations illustrate that our proposed game models result in a win-win solution.

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