scholarly journals DYNAMICS OF DIGITAL MARKETS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Mette Thorhauge ◽  
Jingyan Elaine Yuan ◽  
Jacob Ørmen ◽  
Andreas Gregersen ◽  
Patrick Vonderau
Keyword(s):  
Economic Sociology ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Open Market ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Global Stock Markets ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

The focus of this panel is the material, organizational, and cultural conditions of digital markets. While the notion of economy refers to the more general production, distribution and allocation in society, the idea of markets represents specific contexts of economic exchange typical of capitalist economies (Carruthers & Babb, 2013). A more elaborate understanding of digital markets and their relationships with digital platforms can expand our understanding of the economic implications that specific types of platform architectures have at the level of economic interaction. The discussion takes as a starting point perspectives from economic sociology that emphasize how markets are embedded into broader social and societal structures (Granovetter, 2017) and conditioned upon cultural norms and conventions (Beckert, 2009). In addition, the panel is informed by the way economic sociology and STS have approached the material conditions of markets (Garcia-Parpet, 2007; MacKenzie, 2018) and the way these conditions frame and transform power relations and interaction patterns on specific markets. The panel consists of four papers that approach this issue from a range of perspectives: The relationship between platform architectures, open market strategies and the formation of ‘commodity money’ in the case of Steam, the relationship between platforms, markets, and state regulation in the case of Alibaba, the role of narratives, imagined futures, and collective action that frame patterns of buying and selling in global stock markets in the case of Gamestop shares and, finally, how the online engagement industry is organized in practice in the case of “click farms”.

scholarly journals Modelling Authority: Obstetrical Machines in the Instruction of Midwives and Surgeons in Eighteenth-Century Italy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer F Kosmin
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Scientific Rationality ◽  
Medical Authority ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Manual Exploration ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Bodily Knowledge ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Abstract This article takes the commission of an elaborate and life-like obstetrical machine by the Italian midwifery instructor, Vincenzo Malacarne, in 1791 as a starting point for considering the ways that medical practitioners were renegotiating the relationship between the senses at the end of the eighteenth century. In particular, it focuses on the cultivation of touch as an authoritative and professionalised source of bodily knowledge. The article argues that Malacarne's obstetrical machine reflects an important moment of transition in the way medical practitioners were trained to interact with female patients, in which the manual exploration of a woman’s genitals was re-contextualised as an expression of scientific rationality and medical authority. A close examination of the use of obstetrical machines in midwifery training suggests, moreover, that women, too, whose touch had often been accused of irrationality and ignorance, had to be taught how to perform manual procedures in a rational and scientific manner.

scholarly journals From Point of View to Mindgame Films – Between Subjective Techniques and Strategies

Panoptikum ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 104-127
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Jakubowska
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Strategy I ◽  
The Way

The starting point for this paper is the statement that subjectivisation (subjective narrative) – is one of the key elements in a film medium. However, when its definition is narrowed down, it neither reflects the character of changes in the scope of the opposition between objective-subjective nor its resonance with the notions of individuality, personality or the community. I focus on a historical expansion of subjectivisation techniques, but there is much more. I would like to answer the question about the way in which these techniques fit into the differences between paradigms and modes of cinema. Firstly, I  consider subjectivisation techniques in Pre-Classical Cinema, PreModernist Cinema and Classical Cinema. Secondly, I reveal how subjectivisation techniques develop into strategies and how certain figures are given less or more importance within narratives. In this context I research subjectivisation in Modernist Cinema. Thirdly, I  draw attention to the relationship between subjectivisation techniques and strategies in contemporary Post-Classical Cinema (the cinema of attractions, interactive techniques). My final suggestion is that mind-game films (representing Postmodernist Cinema) are the domain of a subjectivisation strategy. I have no doubt that the conflict between faith in the objective and faith in the subjective present in cinema leads to the ultimate victory of subjectivity, while what is objective becomes inaccessible. Mind-game films offer us an exercise in “productive pathologies”, they teach us non-linear thinking, by means of leaps, associations, and all while being distracted. They teach us to switch between schizophrenic regions where nothing is the way it appears to be.

scholarly journals Mobile workers, contingent labour: Migration, the gig economy and the multiplication of labour

2021 ◽  
pp. 0308518X2110548
Author(s):  
Moritz Altenried
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Food Delivery ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
Migrant Labour ◽  
Gig Economy ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Delivery Platform ◽  
The Relationship

The article takes the surprising exit of the food delivery platform Deliveroo from Berlin as a starting point to analyse the relationship between migration and the gig economy. In Berlin and many cities across the globe, migrant workers are indispensable to the operations of digital platforms such as Uber, Helpling, or Deliveroo. The article uses in-depth ethnographic and qualitative research to show how the latter's exit from Berlin provides an almost exemplary picture of why urban gig economy platforms are strongholds of migrant labour, while at the same time, demonstrating the very contingency of this form of work. The article analyses the specific reasons why digital platforms are particularly open to migrants and argues that the very combination of new forms of algorithmic management and hyper-flexible forms of employment that is characteristic of gig economy platforms is also the reason why these platforms are geared perfectly toward the exploitation of migrant labour. This allows the analysis of digital platforms in the context of stratified labour markets and situates them within a long history of contingent labour that is closely intertwined with the mobility of labour.

scholarly journals Wodziński na skraju hermeneutyki

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 245-260
Author(s):  
Łukasz Kołoczek
Keyword(s):  
Starting Point ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This article examines one of the themes in Cezary Wodziński’s philosophy, namely the way in which he practises hermeneutics. The starting point is Józef Tischner’s review of Wodziński’s book Światłocienie zła [The Chiaroscuro of Evil]. Entitled Odwrót myślenia [The Retreat of Thinking], the review indicates that Wodziński deals only with words, losing the relationship with the phenomenon to which these words should relate. Focusing primarily on Wodziński’s book Kairos, I show that this is a strategy that really pushes Wodziński beyond the boundaries of hermeneutics. Celan’s formula ‘Das Gedicht ja spricht!’ is instructive here. It is akin to Heidegger’s formula ‘Die Sprache spricht’. In the light of my analysis, I suggest that Wodziński’s trouble with hermeneutics should be understood as his attempt to think of a place for the essence of language in the language. This place might be found in speaking the language, i.e. the act of speaking.

scholarly journals TEMPORALITY AND HAPPINESS TODAY: A POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HISTORICAL THINKING, DEMOCRACY AND THE EXPERIENCE OF HAPPINESS

Sapere Aude ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 600-612
Author(s):  
Marcelo de Mello Rangel
Keyword(s):  
Historical Thinking ◽  
Double Reduction ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The World ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Temporality Problem ◽  
The Way

We will work with the delimitation of what I am calling happiness based on the thematization of the temporality problem. Or, in addition, taking as a starting point the relationship of complementarity between certain mobility of history and the way people behave in general. The basic understanding present here is that the experience of happiness would become possible from a mobility between more dissonant pasts and futures, therefore, with a view to the possibility of a reorganization of someone including the world to which belongs. We will address the theme of contemporary temporality and the way it has made the experience of happiness difficult, especially in view of what we might call a double reduction: the “space of experience” and the “horizon of expectation”. Finally, we will address the relationship between historical thinking, what I’m calling democracy (or democratization) and the experience of happiness itself, especially from the democratic hypothesis.

The Type of Temperament, Mood, and Strategies of Categorization

2012 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Wytykowska
Keyword(s):  
Information Processing ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Cognitive Activity ◽  
Processing Capacity ◽  
Affective Value ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

In Strelau’s theory of temperament (RTT), there are four types of temperament, differentiated according to low vs. high stimulation processing capacity and to the level of their internal harmonization. The type of temperament is considered harmonized when the constellation of all temperamental traits is internally matched to the need for stimulation, which is related to effectiveness of stimulation processing. In nonharmonized temperamental structure, an internal mismatch is observed which is linked to ineffectiveness of stimulation processing. The three studies presented here investigated the relationship between temperamental structures and the strategies of categorization. Results revealed that subjects with harmonized structures efficiently control the level of stimulation stemming from the cognitive activity, independent of the affective value of situation. The pattern of results attained for subjects with nonharmonized structures was more ambiguous: They were as good as subjects with harmonized structures at adjusting the way of information processing to their stimulation processing capacities, but they also proved to be more responsive to the affective character of stimulation (positive or negative mood).

Understanding prescription in language. A corpus-based approach

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-81
Author(s):  
Douglas A. Kibbee ◽  
Alan Craig
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
French Tradition ◽  
Linguistic Behavior ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

We define prescription as any intervention in the way another person speaks. Long excluded from linguistics as unscientific, prescription is in fact a natural part of linguistic behavior. We seek to understand the logic and method of prescriptivism through the study of usage manuals: their authors, sources and audience; their social context; the categories of “errors” targeted; the justification for correction; the phrasing of prescription; the relationship between demonstrated usage and the usage prescribed; the effect of the prescription. Our corpus is a collection of about 30 usage manuals in the French tradition. Eventually we hope to create a database permitting easy comparison of these features.

On (Not) Translating Lacan: Barbara Cassin's Sophistico-Analytical Performances

Paragraph ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-113
Author(s):  
Michael Syrotinski
Keyword(s):  
Machine Translation ◽  
Reading And Writing ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

Barbara Cassin's Jacques the Sophist: Lacan, Logos, and Psychoanalysis, recently translated into English, constitutes an important rereading of Lacan, and a sustained commentary not only on his interpretation of Greek philosophers, notably the Sophists, but more broadly the relationship between psychoanalysis and sophistry. In her study, Cassin draws out the sophistic elements of Lacan's own language, or the way that Lacan ‘philosophistizes’, as she puts it. This article focuses on the relation between Cassin's text and her better-known Dictionary of Untranslatables, and aims to show how and why both ‘untranslatability’ and ‘performativity’ become keys to understanding what this book is not only saying, but also doing. It ends with a series of reflections on machine translation, and how the intersubjective dynamic as theorized by Lacan might open up the possibility of what is here termed a ‘translatorly’ mode of reading and writing.

Klein with Lacan: A Study on the Reception of Lacanian Ideas in Uruguay and Its Effects on Clinical Practices (1955–82)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-361
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Grau-Pérez ◽  
J. Guillermo Milán
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Clinical Material ◽  
Clinical Practices ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Discursive Approach ◽  
The Way ◽  
Clinical Cases

In Uruguay, Lacanian ideas arrived in the 1960s, into a context of Kleinian hegemony. Adopting a discursive approach, this study researched the initial reception of these ideas and its effects on clinical practices. We gathered a corpus of discursive data from clinical cases and theoretical-doctrinal articles (from the 1960s, 1970s and 1980s). In order to examine the effects of Lacanian ideas, we analysed the difference in the way of interpreting the clinical material before and after Lacan's reception. The results of this research illuminate some epistemological problems of psychoanalysis, especially the relationship between theory and clinical practice.

FBI and Religion

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Religious Orientation ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
History Of ◽  
Interdisciplinary Assessment ◽  
Civic Religion ◽  
New Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Way

This volume is an interdisciplinary assessment of the relationship between religion and the FBI. We recount the history of the FBI’s engagement with multiple religious communities and with aspects of public or “civic” religion such as morality and respectability. The book presents new research to explain roughly the history of the FBI’s interaction with religion over approximately one century, from the pre-Hoover period to the post-9/11 era. Along the way, the book explores vexed issues that go beyond the particulars of the FBI’s history—the juxtaposition of “religion” and “cult,” the ways in which race can shape the public’s perceptions of religion (and vica versa), the challenges of mediating between a religious orientation and a secular one, and the role and limits of academic scholarship as a way of addressing the differing worldviews of the FBI and some of the religious communities it encounters.

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