scholarly journals The chemical composition of pollen, staminate catkins, and honey of Castanea sativa Mill.

10.5219/1627 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 433-444
Author(s):  
Vladimíra Horčinová Sedláčková ◽  
Olga Grygorieva ◽  
Katarína Fatrcová Šramková ◽  
Olga Shelepova ◽  
Inna Goncharovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Geographical Origin ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Biogenic Elements ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Nonessential Amino Acids

The chemical composition of pollen and honey primarily depends on the botanical and geographical origin of the species, as well as other factors – climatic conditions, soil type, plant species, etc. The present study was to knowledge the biochemical profile of pollen, staminate catkins, and honey samples of Castanea sativa Mill. which were examined under conditions of Ukraine. Proteins are the major components of pollen and staminate catkins (169.0 ±1.60 g.kg-1 and 69.8 ±1.67 g.kg-1, respectively), while saccharides are predominant in honey samples (38.0 ±1.32 g.kg-1 fructose, 32.5 ±0.68 glucose g.kg−1 and 6.1 ±0.06 g.kg-1 sucrose). Glutamic acid (13.30 g.kg-1), aspartic acid (13.05 g.kg-1), and proline (12.45 g.kg-1) were predominant nonessential amino acids in the chestnut pollen. The content of macro and microelements was found in the pollen and staminate catkins much higher than in the honey. All Castanea sativa samples are a very valuable source of potassium as the main mineral element contained in pollen (7400 mg.kg-1), staminate catkins (7760 mg.kg-1), and honey (981 mg.kg-1). Microelements such as manganese and iron prevailed in pollen (478 mg.kg-1 Mn and 461 mg.kg-1 Fe), and staminate catkins (247 mg.kg-1 Mn and 109 mg.kg-1 Fe), and heavy metals (Hg, Sr, Sn, Sb, Li) are present only in the pollen samples with the most abundant Sr (12.8 mg.kg-1) and Sn (1.9 mg.kg-1) content and can be used as indicator suggesting the environmental pollution status in the region. Regarding the vitamin content, vitamin C was the most represented in all samples. Obtained results indicate that chestnut is species with important constituents such as amino acids and vitamins, with low content of heavy metals and high content of biogenic elements that may be used in phytotherapy and phytopharmacology.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF THREE SWEET CHESTNUT (CASTANEA SATIVA MILL.) ECOTYPES FROM ITALY

2009 ◽  
pp. 41-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Sacchetti ◽  
L. Neri ◽  
G. Dimitri ◽  
D. Mastrocola
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

Etanolowe ekstrakty z propolisu jako źródło biopierwiastków

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Magdalena Woźniak ◽  
Marta Babicka ◽  
Iwona Rissmann ◽  
Bogdan Kędzia ◽  
Izabela Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Detection Limit ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Is Research ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Calcium Magnesium

Introduction. Propolis is one of bee products, which is increasingly widespread in medicine. An important aspect regarding propolis is research on the analysis of its chemical composition. Propolis extracts have been found to include phenolic compounds (flavonoids as well as phenolic acids and their esters), terpenes, amino acids, vitamins and elements. The elements analyzed in the propolis extracts include both macro- and microelements, such as: calcium, magnesium, iron or selenium. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine concentration of selected elements in commercial available ethanolic extracts of propolis. Material and methods. In three ethanolic extracts of propolis were determined concentration of 14 elements (Ca, Mg, K, Na, Zn, Si, Pb, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cd and Ni) using flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Results. In all propolis extracts the highest concentration among analyzed elements was determined for sodium, and in the lowest level of concentration was analyzed for copper and manganese. The concentrations of analyzed elements in extracts differed slightly and the highest differences were observed for magnesium, potassium and copper. In all examined samples the concentration of heavy metals was under detection limit of used analytical method. Conclusions. The results of the research presented in the paper indicate that the ethanolic extracts of propolis, despite slightly differences in the concentrations of the analyzed elements, can be a rich source of macro- and microelements.

Chemical composition and functional properties of native chestnut starch (Castanea sativa Mill)

2013 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 594-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno R. Cruz ◽  
Ana S. Abraão ◽  
André M. Lemos ◽  
Fernando M. Nunes
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Chestnut Starch

scholarly journals Genetic structure and diversity of European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) populations in western Balkans: On a crossroad between east and west

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azra Skender ◽  
Mirsad Kurtovic ◽  
Naris Pojskic ◽  
Belma Kalamujic-Stroil ◽  
Semina Hadziabulic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Differentiation ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Italian Population ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
European Chestnut ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
Genetic Structure And Diversity

European chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) is highly valued in the western Balkans as a source of timber and fruit, but also as an important source of nectar and pollen for the production of honey. In this study, four chestnut populations, covering a major portion of the western Balkans, and a reference population from the northern Italy were examined using 21 microsatellite markers. The highest genetic diversity was detected within the populations geographically closest to the Italian Peninsula, which also displayed the highest level of admixture with the samples from Italy. The strongest genetic differentiation was noted among the southern and eastern chestnut populations from Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) (Gst=12.05%). This pronounced differentiation is probably caused by the genetic adaptations to notably different climatic conditions present in the south (Mediterranean climate) and east (Continental climate) of B&H. The clear genetic differentiation of the southern and eastern B&H chestnut populations from the Italian population, determined by pairwise Gst, FCA and Bayesian Structure analyses, indicates that these populations most likely originated from independent shelter zones (refugia), after the last glaciation period. Based on these results we propose a presence of an introgression zone in the northwestern Balkans, established through gene flow from the Italian and the Balkan Peninsula. The obtained insights into the structure of all analyzed populations will significantly contribute towards establishing a regional conservation and utilization strategy for European chestnut in western Balkans.

scholarly journals Distribution of sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Mill. in the Czech Republic

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 259-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Haltofová ◽  
L. Jankovský
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Cryphonectria Parasitica ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Climatic Extremes ◽  
Sweet Chestnut ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
First Time

Sweet chestnut Castanea sativa Mill. is an introduced species in the Czech Republic. It is recorded roughly from 300 localities. To the end of 2002, the occurrence of chestnut was verified at about 140 macrolocalities. The most northern locality recorded so far was Choustníkovo Hradiště in the region of Hradec Králové. Chestnuts occur generally to an altitude of 500 m (80% of all examined localities), at higher altitudes they suffer from climatic extremes particularly late frosts. The occurrence of chestnut was recorded at 27 localities (ca. 20% localities under investigation) where altitudes exceed 500 m. The highest location of chestnut is locality Nejdek, Karlovy Vary District where chestnut trees thrive at an altitude of 678 m. At altitudes over 600 m, two other localities were recorded. The health condition of chestnut is relatively good. At some localities, however, crown drying occurs as a result of not quite ideal climatic conditions. Within our research, quarantine Cryphonectria parasitica (Murr.) Barr. was determined for the first time in the Czech Republic at the only examined locality.

scholarly journals Characterization of chestnut (Castanea sativa, mill) starch for industrial utilization

2001 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Mottin Demiate ◽  
Marília Oetterer ◽  
Gilvan Wosiacki
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Starch Granules ◽  
Water Losses ◽  
Mechanical Stirring ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill ◽  
High Level ◽  
Chestnut Starch

Studies were conducted to characterize the chestnut and its starch. Chemical composition of the chestnuts showed high level of starch. Moisture level in the raw nuts was around 50g/100g in wet basis and starch content, around 80g/100g in dry basis; other nut flour components were protein (5.58 g/100g), lipid (5.39 g/100g), crude fiber (2.34 g/100g) and ash (2.14 g/100g). Starch fraction was chemically characterized in order to identify the granule quality as compared with those of cassava and corn. This fraction showed more lipids and proteins than the other starches. Chestnut starch granules showed peculiar shape, smaller than the control starches and low amount of damaged units. Chemical composition concerning amylose : amylopectin ratio was intermediate to that presented by cassava and corn starch granules. Water absorption at different temperatures as well as solubility were also intermediate but closer to that presented by cassava granules. The same behavior was observed in the interaction with dimethyl-sulfoxide. Native starch granules and those submitted to enzymatic treatment with commercial alpha-amylase and also with enzymes from germinated wheat were observed by scanning electronic microscopy. Water suspensions of chestnut starch granules were heated to form pastes that were studied comparatively to those obtained with cassava and corn starches. Viscographic pattern of chestnut starch pastes showed a characteristic profile with high initial viscosity but peak absence, high resistance to mechanical stirring under hot conditions and high final viscosity. There was no way to compare it with the paste viscographic profiles obtained with the control starches. Chestnut starch pastes were stable down to pH 4 but unstable at pH 3. The water losses observed in the chestnut starch pastes after freeze-thaw cycles showed more similarity to the pattern observed in corn starch pastes as well as clarity and strength of the gel. In general the results showed that chestnut pastes functional properties are intermediate to those of the cassava and corn starch pastes.

scholarly journals Komposisi kimia kupang merah (Musculista senhausia) segar dan rebus

DEPIK ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurjanah . ◽  
Agoes M. Jacoeb ◽  
Reza Nurul Ulma ◽  
Shinta Puspitasari ◽  
Taufik Hidayat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Chemical Composition Of Water

The purpose of this study was to determine the yield, chemical compositions, amino acids, minerals, and heavy metal residues (Pb, Hg) of fresh and boiled mussel. Amino acid was analyzed usingHPLC, minerals and heavy metals were examined using AAS and phosphorus by spectrophotometer, fatty acids by GC, and cholesterol by Liebermann-Buchard. The results showed that the chemical composition of water content, ash, protein and lipid of mussels meat were decreased about 6.09%, 2.25%, 1.39%, 0.42%, respectively after boiled while carbohydrate was increased 4.07% and the amino acids were decreased after boiling. The Ca, Mg, K, P, Na, Cu were declined after boiled, while Co, Fe, Mn and Zn were incraseed. In addition, the Pb was decreased after boiled while Hg and Se were not detected in both fresh and boiled mussel meat. SAFA fatty acids was 38.71% (fresh) and 37.31% (boiled), MUFA 8.13% (fresh) and 8.02% (boiled), PUFA 10.31% (fresh) and 8.77% (boiled), and the cholesterol contents were 102.57 mg/100 g of fresh and 100.97mg/100 g for boiled mussel meat.

Tannins from Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) leaves and fruits show promising in vitro antiinflammatory properties in gastric epithelial cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Piazza ◽  
E Sangiovanni ◽  
U Vrhovsek ◽  
M Fumagalli ◽  
S Khalilpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Gastric Epithelial Cells ◽  
Castanea Sativa Mill

Persistence and bioaccumulation of tungsten and associated heavy metals under different climatic conditions

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Wilson ◽  
F.B. Pyatt
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Climatic Conditions
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