scholarly journals The Role of Optochin Sensitivity, Bile Solubility and psaA Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods in the Diagnosis of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Respiratory Tract Samples

ANKEM Dergisi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barış CAN ◽  
M.Derya AYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain

scholarly journals 2135. Streptococcus pneumoniae DNA (lytA) Detection in Clinical Samples Sent for a Respiratory Viral Polymerase Chain Reaction: Is There Bacterial-Viral Association?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S723-S723
Author(s):  
Matthew Roberts ◽  
Tania Sadlon ◽  
Geoff D Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Multiple Pathogens

Abstract Background Streptococcus pneumoniae (SPNEU) is a major cause of community-acquired pneumonia and frequently complicates respiratory viral infections. Clinical differentiation of viral and bacterial respiratory tract infection can be difficult, as can predicting which patients with respiratory viral infection will develop bacterial infection. A SPNEU polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to specific DNA region lytA may be able to determine which patients with viral infections may develop bacterial infection. Methods Stored nucleic acid extracts from clinical samples collected and tested for respiratory viral PCR (RVP) in 2015 and 2016 were tested for SPNEU lytA DNA using standard laboratory procedure. Analyses of demographic data, RVP and SPNEU PCR result were performed to determine relevant associations. Results 1581 stored clinical RVP samples were tested for SPNEU DNA with PCR to lytA, 1550 of these had complete RVP panel results available for analysis. RVP samples from patients 0–5 years old were more likely to have a viral or bacterial pathogen detected than > 5 years old (78% vs. 45%, P < 0.001). Of 1,550 samples analyzed with SPNEU PCR, 19% were positive for SPNEU, this was more likely in those 0–5 years old than > 5 years old (50% vs. 10%, P < 0.0001). In 0–5 years old, SPNEU was more frequently detected when multiple pathogens were detected on RVP vs. those with no pathogen (63% vs. 43%, P = 0.031). In > 5 years old, compared with no pathogen samples, the presence of multiple pathogens, any single pathogen, influenza, rhinovirus and Bordetella pertussis were significantly associated with higher SPNEU positivity rates. Median SPNEU PCR DNA load was higher in multiple pathogen and single pathogen samples than in no pathogen RVP samples. Conclusion We have demonstrated an association between common respiratory pathogens and detection of SPNEU DNA via PCR. This association is strongest in samples with multiple RVP pathogens, suggesting additional nasopharyngeal inflammation may contribute to SPNEU presence in the nasopharynx. Previous data have focused on those 0–5 years old, we have demonstrated an SPNEU-viral association in those > 5 years old. This tool may be clinically useful to determine which individuals with viral respiratory tract infection will progress to bacterial pneumonia and warrants further investigation. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Adolescent COVID-19-Associated Fatal Rhabdomyolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 215013272098564
Author(s):  
Huda Anwar ◽  
Anwaar Al Lawati
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Past Medical History ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Viral Illness ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become an urgent global health priority. Although most patients with COVID-19 manifest with fever and respiratory tract symptoms, COVID-19 infections may also involve other organs and extrarespiratory manifestations, including cardiac, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, and neurological symptoms. This case describes a 16-year-old boy who presented with fever, sore throat, myalgia, and subsequently with shortness of breath. A diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. His condition deteriorated and he died within 3 days of admission. An evaluation of his past medical history confirmed an episode of viral illness which had progressed to myositis and rhabdomyolysis 1 year prior. Clinicians should be aware of this complication and maintain a high index of suspicion in cases of COVID-19 presenting with extrapulmonary symptoms.

scholarly journals Macrophage migration inhibitory factor may play a protective role in osteoarthritis

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Liu ◽  
Zikun Xie ◽  
Guang Sun ◽  
Liujun Chen ◽  
Dake Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Abstract Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most prevalent form of arthritis and the major cause of disability and overall diminution of quality of life in the elderly population. Currently there is no cure for OA, partly due to the large gaps in our understanding of its underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a procytokine that mediates pleiotropic inflammatory effects in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). However, data on the role of MIF in OA is limited with conflicting results. We undertook this study to investigate the role of MIF in OA by examining MIF genotype, mRNA expression, and protein levels in the Newfoundland Osteoarthritis Study. Methods One hundred nineteen end-stage knee/hip OA patients, 16 RA patients, and 113 healthy controls were included in the study. Two polymorphisms in the MIF gene, rs755622, and -794 CATT5-8, were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR followed by automated capillary electrophoresis, respectively. MIF mRNA levels in articular cartilage and subchondral bone were measured by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Plasma concentrations of MIF, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results rs755622 and -794 CATT5-8 genotypes were not associated with MIF mRNA or protein levels or OA (all p ≥ 0.19). MIF mRNA level in cartilage was lower in OA patients than in controls (p = 0.028) and RA patients (p = 0.004), while the levels in bone were comparable between OA patients and controls (p = 0.165). MIF protein level in plasma was lower in OA patients than in controls (p = 3.01 × 10−10), while the levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in plasma were all significantly higher in OA patients than in controls (all p ≤ 0.0007). Multivariable logistic regression showed lower MIF and higher IL-1β protein levels in plasma were independently associated with OA (OR per SD increase = 0.10 and 8.08; 95% CI = 0.04–0.19 and 4.42–16.82, respectively), but TNF-α and IL-6 became non-significant. Conclusions Reduced MIF mRNA and protein expression in OA patients suggested MIF might have a protective role in OA and could serve as a biomarker to differentiate OA from other joint disorders.

scholarly journals Clinical assessement of the 8 genes on chromosome 3 with also MGMT gene promoter regions methylaton status in patients with breast cancer luminal hystotype

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
D. A. Ryabchikov ◽  
I. K. Vorotnikov ◽  
T. P. Kazubskaya ◽  
S. S. Lukina ◽  
E. A. Filippova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Normal Tissue ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Chromosome 3 ◽  
Epigenetic Changes ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Background. Epigenetic changes of TSG are supposed as the most fine and active genes regulation mechanism in particular breast cancer (BC) genes pathway development. The most valuable results are awaited for methylation role of genes located on the short arm of chromosome 3 with also MGMT gene (10q26) in BC pathogenesis because of their ambiguous data for methylation status in tumors. Objective: to illustrate the specific methylation role of the RASSF1A, SEMA3B, RARß2, RHOA, GPX1, USP4, DAG1, NKIRAS1 and MGMT genes promoter regions in BC pathogenesis. Materials and methods. Sample set of 174 BC patients consists of tumor and surrounding histologically normal tissue that were collected and clinically characterized in the N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology. Two substantive methods were used to evaluate DNA methylation status. To analyse RASSF1A, SEMA3B, RARß2 and MGMT genes methylation we used polymerase chain reaction specific for the methylated allele. Whereas for analyses RHOA, GPX1, USP4, DAG1, NKIRAS1 promoter regions genes methylation status was used methyl sensitive restriction analyses with 2 methyl sensitive endonuclaeses HpaII and HhaI with subsequent polymerase chain reaction. Results. A statistically significant high frequency of RASSF1A, SEMA3B, RARß2, and MGMT genes methylation in epithelial breast tumors compared with histologically normal tissue from the same patients was shown. Significant correlation of RARß2 and MGMT genes methylation frequency considering the different clinical and morphological characteristics of the malignant process was revealed. The statistically significant relationship between methylation of RASSF1A, RARß2 and MGMT genes and patient survival is shown for the first time. Conclusion. The findings of epigenetic changes in the luminal BC supplement the “molecular picture” of this cancer and contribute to an understanding of its pathogenesis. The revealed features of investigated genes methylation can find clinical application for the development of modern approaches to prognosis, prevention and choice of tactics for treatment of BC in females of the Moscow region.

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