A narrative review of clinical management of Clostridium difficile in hospital setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 07.en ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals Quality of life and utility decrement associated with Clostridium difficile infection in a French hospital setting

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Frédéric Barbut ◽  
Tatiana Galperine ◽  
Philippe Vanhems ◽  
Alban Le Monnier ◽  
Bernard Durand-Gasselin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Utility Decrement ◽  
French Hospital

scholarly journals Assessment and Management of Depression and Anxiety in Children and Adolescents with Epilepsy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Plevin ◽  
Nicholas Smith
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Antiepileptic Medication ◽  
Significant Burden ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Paediatric Epilepsy

Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with epilepsy are common comorbidities which place a significant burden on patients and families and complicate the clinical management of epilepsy. This paper presents a narrative review on the aetiology, phenomenology, assessment, and management of depression and anxiety among paediatric patients with epilepsy. The recognition of affective comorbidity in paediatric epilepsy is limited at present, and the contributory role of antiepileptic medication towards such comorbidity must be considered by clinicians.

Reducing Clostridium difficile Incidence, Colectomies, and Mortality in the Hospital Setting: A Successful Multidisciplinary Approach

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (7) ◽  
pp. 298-AP5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard A. Mermel ◽  
Julie Jefferson ◽  
Kerry Blanchard ◽  
Stephen Parenteau ◽  
Benjamin Mathis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Hospital Setting

scholarly journals Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile carriage in asymptomatic children since 2010: a narrative review

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 1228-1236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyudmila Boyanova ◽  
Nikolay Kalvatchev ◽  
Daniel Yordanov ◽  
Petyo Hadzhiyski ◽  
Rumyana Markovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Asymptomatic Children

Does the handling time of unrefrigerated human fecal specimens impact the detection of Clostridium difficile toxins in a hospital setting?

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 157-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chintan Modi ◽  
Joseph R. DePasquale ◽  
Nhat Q. Nguyen ◽  
Judith E. Malinowski ◽  
George Perez
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Handling Time

Evaluation of the performance of C. DIFF QUIK CHEK COMPLETE and its usefulness in a hospital setting with a high prevalence of Clostridium difficile infection

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hae-Sun Chung ◽  
Miae Lee
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Initial Screening ◽  
Toxin A ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
High Prevalence

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is crucial for patient care, infection control, and efficient surveillance. We evaluated C. DIFF QUIK CHEK COMPLETE (QCC; TechLab), which detects glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) antigen (QCC-Ag) and toxin A/B (QCC-Tox) simultaneously, and compared it to the laboratory diagnostics for CDI currently in use in a tertiary hospital setting with a high prevalence of CDI. QCC, RIDASCREEN C. difficile toxin A/B assay (Toxin EIA; R-Biopharm AG), chromID C. difficile agar (bioMérieux) culture (ChromID culture), and Xpert C. difficile PCR assay (Xpert PCR; Cepheid) were performed according to the manufacturers' instructions. Performances of the assays were compared against that of Xpert PCR as a reference. Of the 231 loose stool specimens, 83 (35.9%) were positive by Xpert PCR. The sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were 97.6%, 93.9%, 90.0%, and 98.6%, respectively, for QCC-Ag and 55.4%, 100%, 100%, and 80.0%, respectively, for QCC-Tox. The median threshold cycle values of the QCC-Tox(+) specimens were lower than those of the QCC-Tox(−) specimens. Results of QCC as an initial screening test were confirmed in 81.0% (187/231) of samples; these specimens did not require further testing. QCC is a rapid, easy, and cost-effective method that would be a useful first-line screening assay for laboratory diagnosis of CDI in a tertiary hospital with a high prevalence of CDI. A two-step algorithm using QCC as an initial screening tool, followed by Xpert PCR as a confirmatory test, is a practical and cost-effective approach.

scholarly journals The Use of Probiotics in the Prevention of Clostridium Difficile Infection

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay Mook
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Difficile Infection ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Retrospective Chart Review ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Hospital Acquired

<p>Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), the prevention of CDI, particularly in the inpatient hospital setting, remains a challenge. Clostridium difficile now rivals methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as the most common pathogen to cause hospital acquired infections (HAI) in the United States. Hospitalized patients are considered to be especially high risk for CDI, and among inpatient cases, antibiotic treatment, especially with Fluoroquinolones has been an almost universal factor in the development of CDIs. One preventative measure that is incontinently used in the prevention of CDI is oral probiotics. Probiotic consumption is reported to exert a myriad of beneficial effects including enhanced immune response, balancing of colonic microbiota, treatment of diarrhea associated with travel and antibiotic therapy, control of rotavirus and clostridium difficile induced colitis. The American College of Gastroenterology recognizes the role of probiotics and included probiotics as a level B recommendation for the treatment of CDI. It has been hypothesized that the use of probiotics, as an adjunctive therapy in patients receiving antibiotics, may provide a key intervention in reducing primary CDI. The purpose of this study was to conduct a retrospective chart review to explore healthcare providers prescribing trends regarding Fluoroquinolone antibiotics and adjunctive probiotics in patients with hospital acquired CDI. The Synergy model was used to guide the study. Results indicated that probiotics are not frequently prescribed for hospitalized patients on Fluoroquinolones and when they are it is with inconsistency. Additional research is recommended to further assess the use of probiotics in conjunction with other classes of commonly used antibiotics; this study solely looked at Fluoroquinolones.</p>

scholarly journals Nutritional Therapy in Critically Ill Patients with COVID-19: A Narrative Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. e1073
Author(s):  
Larissa Gens Guilherme
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
High Association ◽  
Nutritional Recommendations ◽  
Improve Clinical Outcome

Introduction: Combating the pandemic caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), better known as Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), in all countries of the world has been a challenge. Most patients can be treated in home isolation, however elderly patients and/or with associated comorbidities have been demonstrating more severe conditions of the disease, requiring hospitalization, or even nutritional therapy and mechanical ventilation. Objective: To review the current evidence to establish better nutritional recommendations for critically ill patients with COVID-19.Material and methods:This is a narrative review on nutritional therapy in critical patient with COVID-19. The scientific articles were searched in the databases U.S. National Library of Medicine (PubMed), as well as their respective terms in Portuguese and Spanish, and 40 articles were chosen, excluding the guidelines that were used to help better compose this article.Results: The main findings were that age and non-communicable diseases are considered risk factors for mortality, with systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus being the main ones. These patients need special care, as well as constant assessment of nutritional status, since malnourished and obese patients have shown a high association with mortality and the use of mechanical ventilation. Nutritional therapy in the affected patients can improve clinical outcome and should be considered as first-line treatment and be more valued in the hospital setting. Although there is no recommendation for supplementation of vitamin C and D and the mineral zinc, these may bring benefits to the immune system of these patients and help in a better prognosis of COVID-19, however more studies are still needed to substantiate the dosage.Conclusions: Further studies are needed, but it is important to bring these themes already exposed by some authors to stimulate discussions that might lead to improvements in the standardization of nutritional approaches.

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