scholarly journals The Effectiveness City of Balikpapan-Samarinda Route Selection with User Characteristics Analysis, and Toll Tariff Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 533-545
Author(s):  
Wendy Natalia ◽  
Hermanto Dwiatmoko ◽  
Nunung Widyaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Route Selection ◽  
Trip Generation ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Characteristics Analysis ◽  
Narrow Road

The cities of Samarinda and Balikpapan are connected by one national road with a lenght time of 3.5 hours along ± 125 km. With narrow road widths, high vehicle volumes result in congestion, delays, and many accidents due to the treacherous road terrain. Then, the Balikpapan-Samarinda toll road has started operating in early 2020, with a lenght time of 1.5 hours along ± 99 km. However, not all vehicle users choose the same route, many factors can influence the route selection decision. By distributing questionnaires and route surveys, as well as interviews. Then a statistical test is carried out through the output of the SPSS application, and using multiple regression models to predict trip generation and the factors that influence it. Analyzing toll rates using the ATP and WTP methods, as well as identifying land use along the two Balikpapan-Samarinda routes.The results of the study conclude that route generation on toll roads is influenced by factors of age, income, and reasons for passing the route. Meanwhile, the arterial road is influenced by gender, income, type of vehicle, and reasons for passing the route. Analysis of the Balikpapan-Samarinda toll rate based on the Ability To Pay (ATP) approach for type 1 vehicles of Rp. 99,095 and Willingness to Pay (WTP) for type 1 vehicles of Rp 47,808, for the ideal rate for type 1 vehicles Rp 73,452<Rp 83,500 (currently applicable rates). Also, the identification of the area of land development around the two routes does not have a significant effect on the two Balikpapan-Samarinda routes. Keywords: trip generation, ATP, WTP, land use, and multiple regression.

scholarly journals Variations in Toll Road Impacts: Case Studies from Texas

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukumar Kalmanje ◽  
Kara M. Kockelman
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Road User ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Variation ◽  
Geographical Proximity ◽  
Fort Worth ◽  
Toll Roads ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Toll Road ◽  
Demand Patterns

Facing funding shortfalls for infrastructure construction and maintenance, many urban regions are seeking to develop new toll roads. These can diversely impact a region's traffic, land use, economy and citizens' welfare. Regions have distinct network configurations, spatial and temporal variation in demand patterns, as well as road user characteristics affecting their response to such roads. This paper illuminates the nature of variations in impacts by consistently modeling and comparing the effects of adding toll roads to three distinct Texas regions with geographical proximity: Austin, Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) and El Paso. Initial models were calibrated for the Austin region and then appropriately adapted to the DFW and El Paso regions. While impacts varied by region, all cases suggested impacts were greatest near the toll roads, with welfare improvements falling with distance in DFW and El Paso and toll road end points gaining the most in Austin.

Research on Evaluation and Development Potential Analysis of Low-Slope Hilly Land Resources

2013 ◽  
Vol 444-445 ◽  
pp. 1260-1264
Author(s):  
Jie Lv ◽  
Xi Ping Yuan ◽  
Shu Gan ◽  
Ming Long Yang ◽  
Qiong He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Clustering ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Development Potential ◽  
Potential Analysis ◽  
Ecological Benefit ◽  
Development And Utilization

Investigation and potential analysis of low-slope hilly land resources is a foundational work for carrying out land development and utilization scenically. In this paper, based on status of land use change survey data in 2011 and satellite remote sensing data of study area, at the same time,we combined with the practical situation of study area, by using superposition analysis, spatial clustering and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation, did an investigation to low-slope hilly land resources which slopes between 8 degree and 25 degree, analyzed theoretical potential and actual potential of low-slope hilly development and utilization, in order to provide the basis and reference for land use work. The results of the project show: (1) development potential of low-slope hilly land resources is large; (2) the discrepancy beteen theoretical potential and actual potential is obvious; (3) the strategic of development and utilization must be adjust measures to local conditions, pay equal attention to ecological benefit, social benefit and economic benefit and considerate landscape and ecological balance comprehensively.

Pastoralists-farmers’ conflicts in Nigeria’s mid-Benue Trough: Socio-ecological drivers and pathways to addressing the conflicts.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chukwudi Njoku ◽  
Francis Okpiliya ◽  
Joel Efiong ◽  
Chinwe Ifejika Speranza
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Land Use ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Land Resource ◽  
Hotspot Analysis ◽  
Benue Trough ◽  
Year 2000

&lt;p&gt;Violent conflicts related to pastoralists-farmers&amp;#8217; interactions in Nigeria have assumed an unprecedented dimension, causing loss of lives and livelihoods. The mid-Benue trough (Benue and Taraba States) has suffered most from the conflicts. This study aims to provide knowledge on the socio-ecological drivers of pastoralists-farmers&amp;#8217; conflicts in the mid-Benue trough from the year 2000 to 2020 and to identify pathways to solving them. First, data from the Armed Conflict Location and Event Data Project were used to map the conflicts. Second, to understand the nexus of climate change, land use and the conflicts, the study analyzed satellite data of Land Surface Temperature (LST) as a proxy for climate change, using data from the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) satellite and Land Use Land Cover (LULC), using LandSat 7 ETM and LandSat 8 ETM+ data, then linked them to the mapped conflicts. Third, to understand causes and impacts of the conflict on pastoralists and farmers&amp;#8217; livelihoods, 100 interviews were conducted, 50 for each group and analyzed using content analysis and descriptive statistics. Results showed that there were 2532 fatalities from 309 conflict events between pastoralists and farmers. The incidents exhibited statistically significant clustering and were minimal between the year 2000 and 2012, increasing gradually until the year 2013 when it began to rise geometrically. The Getis-Ord Gi hotspot analysis revealed the conflict hotspots to include Agatu, Oturkpo, Gwer East and Gashaka Local Government Areas. The results from the LST analysis showed that the area coverage of high LST increased from 30 percent in 2000 to 38 percent in 2020, while extremely high LST area also increased from 14 to 16 percent. A significantly high percentage of the conflicts (87 percent) occurred in areas with high LST (&gt;30&amp;#8304;C). In addition, the LULC analyses showed that built-up land area increased by 35 km&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;(0.1 percent) and dense forests reduced by 798 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; (0.1 percent). Notably, shrublands and grasslands, which are the resource domains of the pastoralists reduced by 11,716 km&lt;sup&gt;2&amp;#160; &lt;/sup&gt;(13.1 percent) and croplands of farmers increased by 12,316 km&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;(13.8 percent)&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;This presents an apparent transition of LULC from shrublands and grasslands to croplands in the area. Further analyses showed that 63 percent of the conflicts occurred in croplands and 16 percent in shrublands and grasslands. Hence, the reduction of land resource available to pastoralists and their subsequent cropland encroachment were identified as major causes of the conflict. It was therefore concluded that land development for other purposes is a major driver of pastoralists-farmers&amp;#8217; conflicts in the study area. There is thus a need to integrate conflict maps, LST and LULC dynamics to support dialogue, land use planning and policy formulation for sustainable land management to guide pastoral and farming activities.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals Assessment of land cover on soil erosion in Lam Phra Phloeng watershed by USLE model

2018 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jatuwat Wattanasetpong ◽  
Uma Seeboonruang ◽  
Uba Sirikaew ◽  
Walter Chen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Surface Erosion ◽  
Agricultural Field ◽  
Land Cover Data

Soil loss due to surface erosion has been a global problem not just for developing countries but also for developed countries. One of the factors that have greatest impact on soil erosion is land cover. The purpose of this study is to estimate the long-term average annual soil erosion in the Lam Phra Phloeng watershed, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand with different source of land cover by using the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and GIS (30 m grid cells) to calculate the six erosion factors (R, K, L, S, C, and P) of USLE. Land use data are from Land Development Department (LDD) and ESA Climate Change Initiative (ESA/CCI) in 2015. The result of this study show that mean soil erosion by using land cover from ESA/CCI is less than LDD (29.16 and 64.29 ton/ha/year respectively) because soil erosion mostly occurred in the agricultural field and LDD is a local department that survey land use in Thailand thus land cover data from this department have more details than ESA/CCI.

scholarly journals Waterborne Viruses and F-Specific Coliphages in Mixed-Use Watersheds: Microbial Associations, Host Specificities, and Affinities with Environmental/Land Use Factors

2016 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tineke H. Jones ◽  
Julie Brassard ◽  
Edward Topp ◽  
Graham Wilkes ◽  
David R. Lapen
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Surface Water Flow ◽  
Mixed Use ◽  
Human Viruses ◽  
Waterborne Viruses

ABSTRACT From the years 2008 to 2014, a total of 1,155 water samples were collected (spring to fall) from 24 surface water sampling sites located in a mixed-used but predominantly agricultural (i.e., dairy livestock production) river basin in eastern Ontario, Canada. Water was analyzed for viable F-specific DNA (F-DNA) and F-specific RNA (F-RNA) (genogroup I [GI] to GIV) coliphage and a suite of molecularly detected viruses (norovirus [GI to GIV], torque teno virus [TTV], rotavirus, kobuvirus, adenovirus, astrovirus, hepatitis A, and hepatitis E). F-DNA and F-RNA coliphage were detected in 33 and 28% of the samples at maximum concentrations of 2,000 and 16,300 PFU · 100 ml−1, respectively. Animal TTV, human TTV, kobuvirus, astrovirus, and norovirus GIII were the most prevalent viruses, found in 23, 20, 13, 12, and 11% of samples, respectively. Viable F-DNA coliphage was found to be a modest positive indicator of molecularly detected TTV. F-RNA coliphage, unlike F-DNA coliphage, was a modest positive predictor of norovirus and rotavirus. There were, however, a number of significant negative associations among F-specific coliphage and viruses. F-DNA coliphage densities of >142 PFU · 100 ml−1 delineated conditions when ∼95% of water samples contained some type of virus. Kobuvirus was the virus most strongly related to detection of any other virus. Land use had some associations with virus/F-specific coliphage detection, but season and surface water flow were the variables that were most important for broadly delineating detection. Higher relative levels of detection of human viruses and human F-RNA coliphage were associated with higher relative degrees of upstream human land development in a catchment. IMPORTANCE This study is one of the first, to our knowledge, to evaluate relationships among F-specific coliphages and a large suite of enteric viruses in mixed-use but agriculturally dominated surface waters in Canada. This study suggested that relationships between viable F-specific coliphages and molecularly detected viruses do exist, but they are not always positive. Caution should be employed if viable F-specific coliphages are to be used as indicators of virus presence in surface waters. This study elucidates relative effects of agriculture, wildlife, and human activity on virus and F-specific coliphage detection. Seasonal and meteorological attributes play a strong role in the detection of most virus and F-specific coliphage targets.

scholarly journals Geospatial modeling, analysis and mapping for aerodrome land development

2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 04003
Author(s):  
Liudmila Mitsevich ◽  
Natalia Zhukovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Spatial Modeling ◽  
Land Development ◽  
Spatial Modelling ◽  
Power Lines ◽  
Geospatial Modeling ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Special Limitation

The article discusses aerodrome geospatial modeling methods and geoinformation analysis for determining land use zones and obstacle restriction areas. Tall trees, buildings and structures, exceeding special limitation surfaces in the aerodrome flight areas, are obstacles that are dangerous. Using spatial modelling, which determines maximal permissible heights, it is proposed to predict the heights of natural and artificial vertical objects in order to analyse and plan land use capabilities. As a basis for spatial modeling, it is proposed to use stereoscopic models with a resolution of 0.3m, built on aircraft-based scanner images. Using the methods of geoinformation analysis, it is suggested to make horizontal zoning of aerodrome areas according to the most important air navigation safety and ecological indicators (power lines, roads, permitted classes of construction objects location). The study presents the research results of the proposed methodology for the Republic of Belarus aerodrome.

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