Conclusion: The Narrow Road to Martyrdom

The conclusion of this collection of studies endeavors to recapture five major questions that this special issue of the Journal of Jesuit Studies poses on the subject of martyrdom: Is this gesture a form of imitation of Christ (or imitatio Christi) or is it itself a sacrifice? How does it get rid of the shadow of suicide or voluntary death? How do the singularity of its experience and the community within which and in the name of which it is exercised articulate? Can martyrdom be defined as a renunciation of human love, and in this sense as the ultimate step in a process of conversion? How does martyrdom take its place in the writing of the religious history of the modern era, in particular, as far as the Society of Jesus is concerned, in the historiography of the nineteenth century? These five questions open this collection of essays to a field of research that remains to be pursued.

The He(A)rt of the Witness: Remembering Australian Prisoners of War in Richard Flanagan’s The Narrow Road to the Deep North

This paper engages Cathy Caruth’s thinking about trauma, Marianne Hirsch’s notion of postmemory, and Giorgio Agamben’s theorising of bearing witness to examine the affective performance of remembering in Richard Flanagan’s novel The Narrow Road to the Deep North. Reading the narrative as a postmemorial account of Japan’s internment of Australian POWs in Burma during the Second World War, I focus on the body as a site of both wounding and witnessing to show how the affective relays between pleasure and pain reanimate the epistemological drama of lived experience and highlight the ambivalence of passion as a trope for both suffering and love. Framed by its intertextual homage to Matsuo Bashō’s poetic masterpiece of the same name, the Australian narrative of survival is shown to emerge from the collapse of the referential certainties underlying the binaries of victim/ victimiser, witness/perpetrator, human/inhuman, and remembering/forgetting. In Flanagan’s ethical imagination, bearing witness calls for a visceral rethinking of historical subjectivity that binds the world to consciousness as a source of both brutality and beauty.

The Effectiveness City of Balikpapan-Samarinda Route Selection with User Characteristics Analysis, and Toll Tariff Analysis

The cities of Samarinda and Balikpapan are connected by one national road with a lenght time of 3.5 hours along ± 125 km. With narrow road widths, high vehicle volumes result in congestion, delays, and many accidents due to the treacherous road terrain. Then, the Balikpapan-Samarinda toll road has started operating in early 2020, with a lenght time of 1.5 hours along ± 99 km. However, not all vehicle users choose the same route, many factors can influence the route selection decision. By distributing questionnaires and route surveys, as well as interviews. Then a statistical test is carried out through the output of the SPSS application, and using multiple regression models to predict trip generation and the factors that influence it. Analyzing toll rates using the ATP and WTP methods, as well as identifying land use along the two Balikpapan-Samarinda routes.The results of the study conclude that route generation on toll roads is influenced by factors of age, income, and reasons for passing the route. Meanwhile, the arterial road is influenced by gender, income, type of vehicle, and reasons for passing the route. Analysis of the Balikpapan-Samarinda toll rate based on the Ability To Pay (ATP) approach for type 1 vehicles of Rp. 99,095 and Willingness to Pay (WTP) for type 1 vehicles of Rp 47,808, for the ideal rate for type 1 vehicles Rp 73,452<Rp 83,500 (currently applicable rates). Also, the identification of the area of land development around the two routes does not have a significant effect on the two Balikpapan-Samarinda routes. Keywords: trip generation, ATP, WTP, land use, and multiple regression.

The Travels and Poems of Matsuo Bashô

This chapter looks at the iconic 17th century Japanese poet Matsuo Bashô, who is known as the originator of haiku and is most famous for his travel-account Oku no hosomichi, ‘The Narrow Road to the Interior’. This account contains many references to Buddhist temples and legends, since the purpose of the trip was not only to “be one with nature” and write poetry, but also to visit religious sites. Bashô was a Buddhist, as well as a Shintôist, a Confucian, and a Daoist. He had studied Zen Buddhism, but had enough worldly attachment to not want to enter a monastery permanently. Through his travel journals, Bashô created an ideal world of itinerant monks and he is often hailed as a role-model for wandering religious poets.

UWB Base Station Cluster Localization for Unmanned Ground Vehicle Guidance

In this paper, we seek to provide unmanned ground vehicles with positioning service using ultrawideband (UWB) technology, a high-accuracy positioning approach. UWB is chosen for two distinct reasons. First, it does not rely on global navigation satellite systems like GPS, making it able to be applied indoors or in an environment where GPS signal is unstable. Second, it is immune to interference from other signals and accurate enough to guide unmanned ground vehicles moving precisely in a complex environment within a narrow road. In this paper, three UWB base stations are aggregated as a group in a 2D space for localization. A large number of tests are performed with a UWB base station cluster in order to validate its positioning performance. Based on the experiment results, we further develop a dynamic particle swarm optimization-based algorithm and a genetic algorithm to deploy multiple clusters of UWB base stations to cover an area of interest. The performance of the proposed algorithms has been tested through a series of simulations. Finally, experiments using unmanned ground vehicles are carried out to validate the localization performance. The results confirm that the robots can follow complex paths accurately with the proposed UWB-based positioning system.

Penerapan Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) untuk Pengukuran Kuat Sinyal (Drive Test) pada Jaringan 4G LTE

The work to get data directly from the field for optimizing a network is called drive test. The implementation of drive test by directly down to the field has several obstacles, such as the condition of the terrain is insufficient and risky to be passed by car. Barriers such as traffic congestion, risky environmental conditions and narrow road areas between buildings makes the implementation of drive test by using unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) or known by drone. In this research, drive test is carried out on 4G LTE Network and uses an Android smartphone that has the G-NetTrack application installed. The Data parameters of the drive Test and QoS are searched. there are Reference Signal Receive Power (RSRP), Reference Signal Receiving Quality (RSRQ), Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR), delay and throughput. This research compares two methods, which are drive test with normal condition and drive test by using a UAV. The result of the drive test with normal condition is obtained an average value of RSRP -90.32 dBm, RSRQ -9.58 dB and SNR 3.99 dB. Whereas in the drive test by using UAV is obtained an average value RSRP -90.8 dBm, RSRQ 9.32 dB and SNR 4.77 dB. The results of this research showed that all parameters in comparison of both methods has meet the standard of Key Performance Indicator (KPI) with small value difference because drive test by using UAV is equals with normal drive test that is to know the real condition of obstacle in field.

Official Negotiations: The Long, Narrow Road to Peace

This chapter explores official negotiations as the key factor in conflict resolution processes in both the Northern Irish and Turkey’s Kurdish conflicts. The cross-case comparison allows for the generation of comprehensive insights into the conflict environment—which is a decisive factor for the nature of political resolution attempts—by providing an analysis of the root causes of the conflicts in both cases. The main events included the Good Friday Agreement and the role played by Sinn Fein and Gerry Adams on the one hand, Dolmabahçe Declaration and the role played by Abdullah Öcalan on the other. The analysis at this chapter broadens the process from ‘negative’ to ‘positive peace’ that includes transformation of the underlying reasons for conflicts and restoration of relationships. It provides clear evidence from both track-one experiences and their comparison which will help establish an extensive analysis in making peace. The chapter reaches a detailed analysis by including other actors and factors, namely ‘spoilers’ who aim to distract a peace process, and mediators in facilitating or hindering progress.

Damages

This chapter deals with the eleventh book of the Mishneh torah, the Book of Damages (Sefer nezakim), which is the last of the ten books of the Mishneh torah that mostly concern commandments between human beings and God. It tackles the five sections of the Book of Damages: Laws of Monetary Damage, Laws of Theft, Laws of Robbery and Lost Property, Laws of Wounding and Damaging, and Laws of Murder and the Preservation of Life. It also mentions topics found in the Book of Damages, such as homicide, manslaughter, and exile to cities of refuge. The chapter discusses the last chapter of the Book of Damages relating to the duty to help load or unload the burden of a pack animal and the right to pass or overtake on a narrow road or river. It analyses the statement concerning the commandment to assist someone in trouble on the road, even if they are an enemy.