scholarly journals Effect of Streptozotocin on Liver Histology Damage in Rats Model of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (9) ◽  
pp. 18-22
Author(s):  
Liganda Endo Mahata ◽  
Hirowati Ali ◽  
Arina Widya Murni
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Liver Histology ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is a disorder of carbohydrate metabolism that causes hyperglycemia, insulin resistance and failure of organs especially the liver. There is great interest in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of GDM. Due to ethical issues involving human studies, it is necessary to use animal models to understand pathophysiology and potential treatment for GDM. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus in pregnant rats was commonly used by several author. Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of streptozotocin (STZ) on liver histology in pregnant rats. Methods: Pregnant rats were divided into two groups; 1) Negative control, 2) Positive control. Positive control were pregnant rats induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin 40 mg/Kg b.w. Fourteen days after induction, rats were sacrificed to evaluate the histopathological effect of STZ on the liver using hematoxylin Eosin staining and calculate the presentation of degraded cell and sinusoidal area with ImageJ 1.49v software, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Data were processed statistically using SPSS with T-Test. Results: Microscopic examination of the liver of STZ-induced rats showed histologic changes in the form of an increase in the number of degenerated cells and a significant expansion of the sinusoidal area (p < 0.000). The percentage of degenerated cells in the healthy group was 9.3%, increased to 70% in the STZ-induced group. In addition, the percentage of the sinusoidal area, which was 19.98% in the healthy group, increased to 49.5%. Conclusions: Streptozotocin induces liver damage in the pregnant rats model. Keywords: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Streptozotocin, Liver, Histology

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents a prooxidant status and hyperlipidemia in pregnant rats with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingmei Sun ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Linlin Yin ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic

Abstract Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of walnut oil-derived PUFA on glucose metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods: The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.Results: The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1 (SREBP-1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats.Conclusions: These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in pregnant rats.

scholarly journals Neuregulin 4 (NRG4) – the batokine with clinical relevance in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hira Attique ◽  
Saeeda Baig ◽  
Shahina Ishtiaque ◽  
Rehana Rehman ◽  
Tousif Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Assessment Model ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Potential Biomarker ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Background: Neuregulin4 (NGR4) is a brown fat adipokine that modulates carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, regulate insulin sensitivity. The relationship between NGR4 and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) remains unclear due to discrepancy in studies. The objective of this study was to find out association between NRG4 and insulin level in women with GDM and their relationship with other metabolic parameters. Methods: In this comparative cross sectional study, pregnant women (n=80), coming for regular antenatal check-ups between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation were recruited. After informed signed consent, interview based proforma was filled with demographic data and antenatal history. Anthropometric measurements were taken; weight recorded on first visit was considered pre-pregnancy weight. Blood (5ml) was drawn after 12 hours fast for estimation of fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin, NRG4 and lipid profile and secondly after one hour post-consuming 50gm glucose, for glucose challenge test. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version20, Mann Whitney and Spearman correlation for finding association between variables, whereas, Kruscal Wallis Test for differences between groups. Results: Median NRG4 level (0.98) in healthy group was significantly high (p<0.038) compared to GDM (0.94). The NRG4 had inverse weak association with GDM. The mean insulin and homeostasis assessment model of insulin resistance (HOMA IR) values had weak direct association with NRG4. Cholesterol, LDL had inverse relationship with NRG4. All parameters of lipid profile were high in GDM compared to non GDM, but only cholesterol was statistically significant (p<0.03). The FBS in healthy group was significantly low (p<0.02) compared to GDM. The association between insulin and HOMA IR was statistically significant (p<0.05). The difference between BMI was statistically significant with age (p<0.015), parity (p<0.035). The difference between FBS and education was found significant (p<0.049). Conclusion: Serum NRG4 level were found low in GDM compared to non-GDM (p<0.03), with a week and direct association with insulin. Future studies are required with bigger sample size to establish NRG4 as a potential biomarker for GDM.

scholarly journals Serum miR-29a/b expression in gestational diabetes mellitus and its influence on prognosis evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 030006052095476
Author(s):  
Li Deng ◽  
Yan Huang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Hongfei Chen ◽  
Junyou Su
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Serum Microrna

Objective To evaluate serum microRNA (miR)-29a/b expression in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and its influence on neonatal prognosis. Methods This was a retrospective study including 68 pregnant women with GDM (GDM group) and 55 healthy pregnant women of similar age range and gestation period (healthy group). Results The area under the curve was 0.829 for the diagnosis of GDM using serum miR-29a expression, 0.857 for diagnosis using serum miR-29b expression, and 0.944 for combined diagnosis (using both miR-29a and miR-29b). The fasting insulin (FINS) level of the GDM group was significantly lower than that of the healthy group; levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose (2hPG), and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were significantly higher in the GDM group than in the healthy group. Both miR-29a and miR-29b were positively correlated with FINS levels and negatively correlated with FPG, 2hPG, and HbA1c levels. Serum miR-29a/b expression in pregnant women with GDM was not correlated with neonatal weight, premature delivery, or asphyxia but was correlated with pathologic jaundice. Conclusions Serum miR-29a/b expression was downregulated in pregnant women with GDM and correlated with neonatal pathologic jaundice, showing good individual (miR-29a or miR-29b) diagnostic value and excellent combined (miR-29a and miR-29b) diagnostic value.

scholarly journals The Therapeutic Effect of Zuogui Wan in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuwei Wang ◽  
Qianjin Feng ◽  
Xin Niu ◽  
Xinshe Liu ◽  
Kaixia Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Therapeutic Effect ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Group

In this experiment, we established an animal model of gestational diabetes mellitus rats using streptozotocin. Using the rat model of GDM, the pregnant rats in 1-19d were divided into three groups: (1) Zuogui Wan gestational diabetes mellitus group (group I,n=12), (2) gestational diabetes mellitus rats as the control group (group II,n=11), and (3) rats of normal pregnancy group (group III,n=11). Compared with gestational diabetes mellitus rats as the control group, Zuogui Wan can change the indexes of fasting blood glucose, body weight, total cholesterol, insulin, and metabolism cage index significantly in Zuogui Wan gestational diabetes mellitus group. We can conclude that Zuogui Wan has the therapeutic effect on gestational diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents a prooxidant status and hyperlipidemia in pregnant rats with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingmei Sun ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Linlin Yin ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic

Abstract Background Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of walnut oil-derived PUFA on glucose metabolism, pregnancy outcomes, oxidative stress, and lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis. Results The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde content, an increase of superoxide dismutase, catalase and gutathione peroxidase activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1, stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1, fatty acid synthase, and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase, was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats. Conclusions These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during pregnancy is beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in pregnant rats.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents hyperlipidemia and oxidant status in pregnant rats with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingmei Sun ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Linlin Yin ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic

Abstract Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of PUFA on the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to study the underlying mechanism in pregnant rats with diabetes.Methods: The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.Results: The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1 (SREBP-1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats.Conclusions: These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during the pregnancy might be beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in the mother.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid prevents hyperlipidemia and oxidant status in pregnant rats with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingmei Sun ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Chao Li ◽  
Linlin Yin ◽  
Fei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Juglans Regia ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Pregnant Diabetic

Abstract Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus has a long-term effect on pregnant women. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) oil-derived polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) possesses multifarious pharmacological activities. This study investigated the beneficial effects of PUFA on the gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and to study the underlying mechanism in pregnant rats with diabetes.Methods: The GDM rat model was generated by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg) on gestational day (GD) 6, GD7 and GD8. The differences between groups were estimated using one-way ANOVA followed by the Tukey’s multiple comparison test for post-hoc analysis.Results: The results indicated that PUFA could mitigate GDM in pregnant diabetic rats, as embodied by the decrease of fasting blood glucose and the increase of plasma insulin and hepatic glycogen levels. Also, PUFA could suppress oxidative stress in pregnant diabetic rats, as reflected by the decrease of malondialdehyde (MDA) content, an increase of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and gutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities. PUFA could also mitigate the abnormal changes of lipid profiles in plasma and hepatic tissue. Moreover, the relative mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor-1 (SREBP-1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC), was suppressed by PUFA in pregnant diabetic rats.Conclusions: These results suggested that PUFA supplementation during the pregnancy might be beneficial in preventing diabetic complications in the mother.

Improved Insulin Resistance through Cajanus cajan extract in Gestational Diabetes Mellitus of Wistar Rat

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-269
Author(s):  
Nikita Saraswat ◽  
Pranay Wal ◽  
Ankita Wal ◽  
Rashmi Saxena Pal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Cajanus Cajan ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pregnant Rats

Background: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) has a serious impact on maternal health as well as on the health of the infant. This is also very closely related to adverse outcomes in pregnancy. A mother suffering from gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has high incidences of showing significant risks to the fetus health, growth and development. As the incidences of GDM are increasing day by day, therefore, maternal health, age and obesity parameters are of major concern for reflecting GDM during their pregnancy conditions. It has been studied and investigated that IR (Insulin Resistance) is a common pathway in GDM and T2DM (Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus). Objective: To explore the effect of Cajanus cajan in treating gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Wistar rats. Methods: The study was conducted on 30 female rats which were caged along with male rats. We obtained 26 pregnant rats which were weighed. The pregnant rats in the control group, intervention group, and GDM group were equally randomized. When the pregnancy was verified, the Intervention and the GDM (Gestational Diabetes Mellitus) group were given 45 mg/kg streptozotocin by the peritoneal injection for inducing GDM while the control group was given an equal volume of the citrate buffer. When the model was established accurately then the intervention group was administered orally with the extracts of leaves of Cajanus cajan chloroform extract (270mg/kg), Methanol extract (270mg/kg) and Ethyl acetate extract (270mg/kg). Whereas the other groups were administered with water and diet. The blood samples were collected and the fetal rats along with placental weight were recorded on the 19th day of the pregnancy. The serum glucose levels, serum insulin levels, and lipid levels were recorded in pregnant rats before the delivery. Results: The rats were weighed before and after delivery, fetal weight was recorded, placental weight of the GDM group was found to be lower than the control group as well as the intervention groups. Treating with (Chloroform extract, Methanol extract, Ethyl acetate extract (270mg/kg) different extracts of Cajanus cajan leaf in the intervention groups the lipid levels of the intervention group significantly increased in case of the Methanolic extract whereas the other extracts were also effective. The levels of antioxidant enzymes of the GDM group in pancreas and liver tissue were lower in intervention groups as compared to control and GDM group whereas the antioxidant enzyme levels in the liver and pancreas were equivalent to the control group. : The results showed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of the Cajanus cajan leaves might have bioactive and hypoglycemic nature. Further research is required for the complete evaluation of the active compound in various animal models to justify the nature of the compound. Conclusion: Cajanus cajan leaf extract suppresses oxidative stress and insulin resistance, therefore, improves the blood glucose levels in GDM rats.

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