The Role of MRI as a Predictive Marker for Disease Progression Measured by the Expanded Disability Status Scale

Background: CD169 has been found overexpressed in the blood of COVID-19 patients and identified as a biomarker in the early disease. We have analysed CD169 in blood cells of COVID-19 patients to assess its role as predictive marker of the disease. Methods : The ratio of the CD169 Median median Fluorescence fluorescence Intensity intensity of CD169 between monocytes and lymphocytes (CD169 RMFI ) was analysed by flow cytometry in blood samples of COVID-19 patients (COV) and healthy donors (HD ) and correlated with immunophenotyping, inflammatory markers, cytokines mRNA expression, pulmonary involvement and disease progression. Results: CD169 RMFI increased in COV but not in HD. CD169 RMFI correlated with T-cell differentiation and exhaustion markers as well as with B cells maturation and differentiation. In vitro stimulation of PBMCs of HD with SARS-CoV-2 Spike spike protein induced CD169 RMFI together with IL-6 and IL-10 gene expression. Likewise, CD169 RMFI correlated with blood cytokine mRNA levels, inflammatory markers, and pneumonia severity in patients which that had not received any treatment at sampling. Notably, in untreated patients, CD169 RMFI reflected the respiratory outcome during hospitalization. Conclusion : Considering the immunological role of CD169 and its involvement during the infection and the progression of COVID-19, it could be considered as an early biomarker to evaluate disease progression and clinical outcome.

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Do multimodal evoked potentials add information to MRI in clinically isolated syndromes?

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458509352666 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

pp. 55-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 36

Author(s):

R. Pelayo ◽

X. Montalban ◽

T. Minoves ◽

D. Moncho ◽

J. Rio ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Evoked Potentials ◽

Auditory Evoked Potentials ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽

Mri Findings ◽

Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽

Disability Status ◽

Complete Study ◽

Multimodal Evoked Potentials

The role of multimodal evoked potentials (MMEPs) in establishing multiple sclerosis (MS) diagnosis and prognosis has diminished nowadays. The objective of this article is to evaluate whether MMEPs add information to MRI in identifying patients with higher risk of relapse or development of disability after a clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Patients who underwent visual, somato-sensory and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (EPs) were identified from a cohort of consecutive CIS. Patients also underwent brain MRI within 3 months of first attack. We analysed time to second attack and to Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3.0 according to number of Barkhof criteria and number of abnormal MMEPs. A complete study was performed in 245 patients who were followed for a mean of 76.4 months (interquartile range: 61 to 96). Seventy-one patients (29%) had the three EPs normal, 115 patients (47%) had one abnormal EP; 40 patients (16%) had two; and 19 patients (8%) had three abnormal EPs. Baseline MRI determined the risk for converting to clinically definite MS and correlated with disability according to previous studies. EPs individually did not modify the risk of conversion or disability. However, the presence of three abnormal EPs increased the risk of reaching moderate disability (hazard ratio 7.0; 1.4—34.9) independently of baseline MRI. In conclusion, in the presence of three abnormal EPs could help identify CIS patients with a higher risk of developing disability, independently of MRI findings. However, the utility of MMEPs is limited by the low percentage of CIS patients having the three abnormal at baseline.

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Oligoclonal bands and cerebrospinal fluid markers in multiple sclerosis: associations with disease course and progression

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1177/1352458512459684 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 577-584 ◽

Cited By ~ 28

Author(s):

Pedro Lourenco ◽

Afsaneh Shirani ◽

Jameelah Saeedi ◽

Joel Oger ◽

William E Schreiber ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Disease Progression ◽

Oligoclonal Bands ◽

Disease Course ◽

Disability Progression ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Disability Status ◽

Work Up

Background: The use of oligoclonal bands (OCBs) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters are established in the diagnosis of MS, but poorly as markers of disease. Objective: To investigate the role of OCBs in disease course and progression. Methods: CSF data for 1120 patients with MS were analyzed for associations between OCBs and CSF parameters and clinical data (disease course [relapsing-onset MS (ROMS) vs primary-progressive MS (PPMS)]), disability progression (proportion reaching Expanded Disability Status Scale 6 within 10 years of onset and progression index) and ethnicity. Results: Of patients with MS, 72.5% had detectable OCBs. For patients with detectable OCBs, 84.6% had ROMS and 15.4% PPMS versus 89.7% and 10.3%, respectively for those without detectable OCBs ( p=0.04). Total CSF IgG and protein levels were higher in PPMS compared with ROMS ( p<0.001). Disease progression appeared independent of OCB status. Patients with CSF (vs without) data were more likely to be male, older at onset, have PPMS and lack optic neuropathy at onset ( p<0.001). Conclusions: OCB positivity and elevated total CSF IgG and protein were moderately associated with a PPMS disease course, but not disease progression. Patients with atypical clinical presentations were more likely to have had CSF work-up, suggesting a testing bias.

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Anti-GD2-like IgM autoreactivity in multiple sclerosis patients

Multiple Sclerosis Journal ◽

10.1191/135248506ms1279oa ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 302-308 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

S Marconi ◽

M Acler ◽

L Lovato ◽

L De Toni ◽

E Tedeschi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Neurological Diseases ◽

Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽

Disability Status ◽

Normal Human ◽

Multiple Sclerosis Patients ◽

Layer Chromatography ◽

Ms Pathogenesis ◽

Myelin Staining

Seric IgM autoreactivity in 100 multiple sclerosis (MS) and 106 control (70 of whom had other neurological diseases) patients was assessed either by immunohistochemistry on normal human CNS tissue or to GD2, GD1a, GD3 by ELISA and thin layer chromatography (TLC) techniques. By double immunohistochemistry, we found that 44% of the total MS population showed seric IgM reactivity to oligodendrocytes and myelin, this finding being particularly frequent in patients with secondary progressive MS. In the non-MS cohort, positive signals were seen only in one patient. In all cases, extraction of lipids from CNS sections abolished the immunoreactivity. Among the gangliosides investigated by ELISA, anti-GD2-like IgM autoantibodies were detected in the serum of 30% of MS patients, a subgroup of whom (below 10%) reacted also with GD1a and/or GD3. More than 85% of MS cases with anti-GD2-like IgM immunoreactivity by ELISA showed also IgM anti-oligodendrocyte/myelin staining by immunohistochemistry. However, no immunostaining in MS sera was observed when gangliosides were resolved by TLC. A positive correlation with neurological disability was observed, as the Expanded Disability Status Scale of MS patients with anti-GD2-like IgM autoreactivity by ELISA was significantly worse than seronegative MS cases. The results of the present study enforce the role of glycolipids as potential autoantigens and of IgM autoantibodies in MS pathogenesis.

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Validierung von Selbstbewertungsskalen bei Multipler Sklerose: Brauchen wir noch die Expanded-Disability-Status-Scale (EDSS)?

Aktuelle Neurologie ◽

10.1055/s-2004-833096 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (S 1) ◽

Author(s):

K Ziegler ◽

C Borchers ◽

K Schulz ◽

S Gold ◽

I Wölfel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽

Disability Status

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Role of endogenous adenosine as a predictive marker of vasoplegia during cardiopulmonary bypass and postoperative severe systemic inflammatory response.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.12661.470144 ◽

2006 ◽

Author(s):

Alain Vuylsteke

Keyword(s):

Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽

Inflammatory Response ◽

Predictive Marker ◽

Systemic Inflammatory Response ◽

Endogenous Adenosine

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Disease Progression in HIV Late Presenters: the Role of HIV Clinical Indicator Diseases Prior to HIV Diagnosis

Current HIV Research ◽

10.2174/1570162x14666160504101444 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 346-353

Author(s):

Viola Guardigni ◽

Mario Luca Morieri ◽

Daniela Segala ◽

Laura Sighinolfi

Keyword(s):

Disease Progression ◽

Hiv Diagnosis ◽

Late Presenters ◽

Clinical Indicator

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Cancer Fighting SiRNA-RRM2 Loaded Nanorobots

Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology ◽

10.2174/2211738508666200128120142 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 79-90

Author(s):

Arjun Sharma ◽

Pravir Kumar ◽

Rashmi K. Ambasta

Keyword(s):

Cancer Therapy ◽

Dna Synthesis ◽

Cancer Progression ◽

Sirna Delivery ◽

Predictive Marker ◽

The Body ◽

Tumor Site ◽

Target Delivery ◽

Target Effect

Background: Silencing of several genes is critical for cancer therapy. These genes may be apoptotic gene, cell proliferation gene, DNA synthesis gene, etc. The two subunits of Ribonucleotide Reductase (RR), RRM1 and RRM2, are critical for DNA synthesis. Hence, targeting the blockage of DNA synthesis at tumor site can be a smart mode of cancer therapy. Specific targeting of blockage of RRM2 is done effectively by SiRNA. The drawbacks of siRNA delivery in the body include the poor uptake by all kinds of cells, questionable stability under physiological condition, non-target effect and ability to trigger the immune response. These obstacles may be overcome by target delivery of siRNA at the tumor site. This review presents a holistic overview regarding the role of RRM2 in controlling cancer progression. The nanoparticles are more effective due to specific characteristics like cell membrane penetration capacity, less toxicity, etc. RRM2 have been found to be elevated in different types of cancer and identified as the prognostic and predictive marker of the disease. Reductase RRM1 and RRM2 regulate the protein and gene expression of E2F, which is critical for protein expression and progression of cell cycle and cancer. The knockdown of RRM2 leads to apoptosis via Bcl2 in cancer. Both Bcl2 and E2F are critical in the progression of cancer, hence a gene that can affect both in regulating DNA replication is essential for cancer therapy. Aim: The aim of the review is to identify the related gene whose silencing may inhibit cancer progression. Conclusion: In this review, we illuminate the critical link between RRM-E2F, RRM-Bcl2, RRM-HDAC for the therapy of cancer. Altogether, this review presents an overview of all types of SiRNA targeted for cancer therapy with special emphasis on RRM2 for controlling the tumor progression.

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Relationship between Expanded Disability Status Scale scores and the presence of temporomandibular disorders in patients with multiple sclerosis

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.4103/ejd.ejd_91_17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 12 (01) ◽

pp. 144-148 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Lucas Senra Correa Carvalho ◽

Osvaldo José Moreira Nascimento ◽

Luciane Lacerda Franco Rocha Rodrigues ◽

Andre Palma Da Cunha Matta

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Temporomandibular Disorders ◽

Control Group ◽

Expanded Disability Status Scale ◽

Exact Test ◽

Disability Status ◽

Relapsing Remitting ◽

Scale Scores ◽

Axis I ◽

Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis

ABSTRACTObjectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and to investigate whether an association exists between the presence of TMD symptoms and the degree of MS-related disability. Materials and Methods: In all, 120 individuals were evaluated: 60 patients with a diagnosis of relapsing-remitting MS and 60 age- and sex-matched controls without neurological impairments. A questionnaire recommended by the European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders for the assessment of TMD symptoms was administered. For those who answered affirmatively to at least one of the questions, the RDC/TMD Axis I instrument was used for a possible classification of TMD subtypes. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was the measure of the degree of MS-related disability. Statistical Analysis Used: Fisher’s exact test was used to analyze the data. ANOVA was used to detect significant differences between means and to assess whether the factors influenced any of the dependent variables by comparing means from the different groups. Results: The prevalence of TMD symptoms in patients with MS was 61.7% versus 18.3% in the control group (CG). A diagnosis of TMD was established for 36.7% in the MS group and 3.3% in the CG (P = 0.0001). There were statistically significant differences between degrees of MS-related disability and the prevalence of TMD (P = 0.0288). Conclusions: The prevalence of both TMD and TMD symptoms was significantly greater in the MS group. EDSS scores and TMD prevalence rates were inversely related.

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