scholarly journals Composition of Soil Seed Bank Over Cholistan Desert Microhabitats at Dingarh Fort Area, Pakistan

2016 ◽  
Vol 59 (3) ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah Ghazali ◽  
Abdul Hamid ◽  
Muhammad Arshad ◽  
Mansoor Hameed ◽  
Malik Muhammad Yousaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Sandy Area ◽  
Cholistan Desert ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Shifting Sand

Soil seed banks were assessed in three soil layers (L1, from 0 to 2 cm, L2, 2 to 4 cm and L3,4 to 6 cm depth ) from five microhabitats i.e., Lee-ward side of sand dune (S1), Wind-ward side of sanddune (S2), Clayey area covered with sand (S3), Interdunal sandy area (S4) and Shifting sand dune of siteDingarh Fort area (S5) in Cholistan desert of Pakistan to analyse differences of soil seed bank among thesehabitats. Ten soil samples were collected from each microhabitat and from each layer i.e., 0-2 cm depth(L1), 2-4 cm depth (L2) and 4-6 cm depth (L3) by using 15´15´6 cm metallic sampler. Consistentdifferences in seed composition were observed among these microhabitats. Seedling emergence approachwas used to assess the soil seed bank of Cholistan desert. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) wasused for the soil seed bank and the plant species analysis. The microhabitats S3 (Clayey area covered withsand) and S4 (Interdunal sandy area) contributed prominently to the total variance in the species and hadmaximum density of seed bank and soil layer L1 contained maximum number of seeds.

scholarly journals Seed bank modelling of volunteer oil seed rape: from seeds fate in the soil to seedling emergence

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Soltani ◽  
A. Soltani ◽  
S. Galeshi ◽  
F. Ghaderi-Far ◽  
E. Zeinali
Keyword(s):  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Autumn And Winter ◽  
Lower Slope

Studies were conducted to estimate parameters and relationships associated with sub-processes in soil seed banks of oilseed rape in Gorgan, Iran. After one month of burial, seed viability decreased to 39%, with a slope of 2.03% per day, and subsequently decreased with a lower slope of 0.01 until 365 days following burial in the soil. Germinability remained at its highest value in autumn and winter and decreased from spring to the last month of summer. Non-dormant seeds of volunteer oilseed rape did not germinate at temperatures lower than 3.8 ºC and a water potential of -1.4 MPa ºd. The hydrothermal values were 36.2 and 42.9 MPa ºd for sub- and supra-optimal temperatures, respectively. Quantification of seed emergence as influenced by burial depth was performed satisfactorily (R² = 0.98 and RMSE = 5.03). The parameters and relationships estimated here can be used for modelling soil seed bank dynamics or establishing a new model for the environment.

scholarly journals Invasive species in the soil seed bank of two limestone hills in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Winda Utami Putri ◽  
Ibnul Qayim ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
West Java ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Putri WU, Qayim I, Qadir A. 2021. Invasive species in the soil seed bank of two limestone hills in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 22: 4019-4027. Study on the impact of invasive species on plant communities has been conducted mainly on the aboveground vegetation. The impact on the soil seed bank has received less attention mostly due to practical difficulties in conducting seed bank assessment. Evaluation of seed bank composition is useful in detecting invasive plant species that may have been present as buried seeds. Information on the vegetation composition in Nyungcung and Kapur hills both under and aboveground is available, but specific information on invasive species has not been discussed yet. This paper describes and analyzes the structure (composition and density) of invasive species in the soil seed bank. Eighty soil samples were taken from the study sites. The soil seed banks were analyzed using seedling emergence and seed extraction methods. 2602 and 1280 seedlings emerged from soil seed bank of Nyungcung and Kapur hills, respectively. From that number, approximately 48.96% and 68.51% of the seedlings are invasive species in the soil seed bank of Nyungcung and Kapur hills. The invasive species were dominants in the soil seed bank of the two sites. Cecropia peltata and Clidemia hirta were the most abundant invasive species in the Kapur and Nyungcung hills seed bank, respectively. Species richness and seedling density were higher in Nyungcung hills than Kapur hills, which were invaded for a relatively longer period.

scholarly journals Soil Seed Bank Dynamics of a Riparian Forest and its Adjacent Upland Vegetation

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
Omowumi Omotoyosi OLALOYE ◽  
Samson Olajide OKE
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Vegetation Types ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Bank Dynamics ◽  
Standing Vegetation ◽  
Lower Depth

The present study was conducted to determine the densities and soil seed bank composition of a riparian forest and its adjacent upland vegetation for a better understanding the potentials of the soil seed banks in facilitating succession towards a more natural forest of native tree species. Three contiguous 20 m x 20 m plots were systematically established on both riparian forest and upland vegetation. Species enumeration, identification and distribution into families of the standing vegetation were carried out. Furthermore, five replicates soil samples were collected at two different depths (0-15 cm, 15-30 .The seedling emergence test was carried out for six months in the greenhouse to determine the species composition and the density of the seed in both vegetation types. The results of the seedling emergence revealed that more seeds were deposited at the upper depth (0-15 cm) than the lower depth 15-30 cm in the two vegetation types in both dry and rainy season. There was low similarity in species composition between the standing vegetation and soil seed bank in each of the two vegetation types. Herbaceous species recorded the highest number of seedlings as compared to the other habit. The low similarity between seed bank and standing vegetation of the riparian forest and the adjacent upland vegetation suggested that soil seed bank was insignificant in their restoration. 

scholarly journals Which factors influence the density of birch (Betula pendula Roth) seeds in soil seed banks in temperate woodlands?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Tiebel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Forest Sites ◽  
Spruce Stands ◽  
Disturbed Forest

AbstractThe natural regeneration of disturbed forest sites is becoming increasingly important due to climate change. Following disturbance events affecting large areas seed trees are often absent from the site, and regeneration solely by means of seed rain may not be successful. In these situations, soil seed banks are an important driver of the regeneration and reforestation of forest sites. The aim of the study was to determine the birch seed density in the soil of birch stands, spruce–birch stands and spruce stands dependent upon the number of seed trees (stands) and upon varying degrees of ground cover using the ‘seedling emergence method.’ The study revealed a significant link between the quantity of germinated birch seedlings in soil samples and the presence of seed sources. Seedling densities of birch in the different stand categories reached 2644–6414 seedlings per m2 [n m−2] in birch stands, 392–759 n m−2 in spruce–birch stands and 25–122 n m−2 in pure spruce stands. The density of germinated birch seedlings was also negatively affected by the soil layer. In all stand types, the factors humus thickness, litter cover, moss cover and herb cover had no significant influence on the amount of birch seedlings. Successful rapid regeneration of disturbed sites by means of the birch soil seed bank is guaranteed in cases where birch stands, or at least birch seed trees, were present before the event. The influence of ground cover on the regeneration potential of birch from the soil is negligible.

FIRE IMPACT ON A MAQUIS SOIL SEED BANK IN CABAÑEROS NATIONAL PARK (CENTRAL SPAIN)

1999 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Ferrandis ◽  
José M. Herranz ◽  
Juan J. Martínez-Sśnchez
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Seed Content ◽  
Seed Reserves ◽  
One Year

The direct impact of fire on the soil seed bank and the changes observed one year later were studied by analysis of seed content in sample layers at depths of 0–2 cm and 2–5 cm. Fire had a severe but selective impact on the soil seed bank: species with transient seed reserves accumulating on the soil surface were eliminated, whereas species with persistent buried seed reserves tended to remain in the soil after the passage of fire. Thick seed coats were shown to be an efficient mechanical protection barrier to fire. One year after fire, trade-off between input and output into seed bank produced a conspicuous recovery of seed density and species richness on the soil surface, and a pronounced impoverishment in the 2–5-cm-depth soil layer. In general, seed banks of woody species were severely depleted due to the lack of replacement following fire, with the exception of Erica, which maintained a high seed bank density in the upper soil layer. The post-fire recovery of soil seed populations was mainly due to two clearly differentiated groups of annuals. The first group was of species whose seeds survived fire, germinated, and completed their phenological cycle. They were mainly fire-ephemerals. The second group consisted of wind-dispersed species whose soil seed banks had suffered a very severe (even total) depletion by fire. They were mainly Gramineae and Compositae species which behaved as opportunistic fire-sensitive invaders.

scholarly journals Influence of Slope Direction on the Soil Seed Bank and Seedling Regeneration of Castanopsis hystrix Seed Rain

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 500
Author(s):  
Zong Zhao ◽  
Yong Liu ◽  
Hongyan Jia ◽  
Wensheng Sun ◽  
Angang Ming ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Temporal Dynamics ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Study Results ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mature Seeds

Objective: To investigate the impact of different slope directions on the quantity and quality of the soil seed bank and seedling germination process of Castanopsis hystrix plantations. Method: Fixed sample plots in forest stands of Castanopsis hystrix were established on different slope directions (sunny slope, semi-sunny slope, semi-shady slope, and shady slope). The characteristics of the forest stand were investigated, and per-wood scaling was carried out. The temporal dynamics of the seed rain and seed bank were quantified using seed rain collectors and by collecting soil samples from different depths. The quantity and quality of the seeds were determined, and the vigor of mature seeds was measured throughout the study. Results: (1) The diffusion of Castanopsis hystrix seed rain started in mid-September, reached its peak from late October to early November, and ended in mid-December. (2) The dissemination process, occurrence time, and composition of the seed rain varied between the different slope directions. The seed rain intensity on the semi-sunny slope was the highest (572.75 ± 9.50 grains∙m−2), followed by the sunny slope (515.60 ± 10.28 grains∙m−2), the semi-shady slope (382.13 ± 12.11 grains∙m−2), and finally the shady slope (208.00 ± 11.35 grains∙m−2). The seed rain on the sunny slope diffused earliest and lasted the longest, while the seed rain on the shady slope diffused latest and lasted the shortest time. Seed vigor and the proportion of mature seeds within the seed rain were greatest on the semi-sunny slope, followed by the sunny slope, semi-shady slope, and the shady slope. (3) From the end of the seed rain to August of the following year, the amount of total reserves of the soil seed banks was highest on the semi-sunny slope, followed by the sunny slope then the semi-shady slope, and it was the lowest on the shady slope. The amount of mature, immature, gnawed seeds and seed vigor of the soil seed bank in various slope directions showed a decreasing trend with time. The seeds of the seed bank in all slope directions were mainly distributed in the litter layer, followed by the 0–2 cm humus layer, and only a few seeds were present in the 2–5 cm soil layer. (4) The seedling density of Castanopsis hystrix differed significantly on the different slope directions. The semi-sunny slope had the most seedlings, followed by the sunny slope, semi-shady slope, and the shady slope. Conclusions: The environmental conditions of the semi-sunny slope were found to be most suitable for the seed germination and seedling growth of Castanopsis hystrix, and more conducive to the regeneration and restoration of its population.

scholarly journals Weed Flora and Soil Seed Bank Composition as Affected by Tillage System in Three-Year Crop Rotation

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽  
Janusz Smagacz ◽  
Cezary A. Kwiatkowski ◽  
Elżbieta Harasim ◽  
Andrzej Woźniak
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Agricultural Science ◽  
No Till ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Weed Seeds ◽  
Direct Sowing

In recent years, there has been an increasing interest around agricultural science and practice in conservation tillage systems that are compatible with sustainable agriculture. The aim of this study was to assess the qualitative and quantitative changes in weed flora and soil seed bank under reduced tillage and no-till (direct sowing) in comparison with traditional ploughing. In the crop rotation: pea/rape—winter wheat—winter wheat the number and dry weight of weeds increased with the simplification of tillage. The seed bank was the largest under direct sowing and about three times smaller in traditional ploughing. Under direct sowing, most weed seeds were accumulated in the top soil layer 0–5 cm, while in the ploughing system most weed seeds occurred in deeper layers: 5–10 and 10–20 cm. In the reduced and no-till systems, a greater percentage of perennial and invasive species, such as Conyza canadensis L., was observed. The results show that it is possible to maintain weed infestation in the no-till system at a level that does not significantly affect winter wheat yield and does not pose a threat of perennial and invasive weeds when effective herbicide protection is applied.

Effects of heat and smoke on germination of soil-stored seed in a south-eastern Australian sand heathland

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Wills ◽  
Jennifer Read
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Type Systems ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
And Control

Various fire-related agents, including heat, smoke, ash and charred wood, have been shown to break dormancy and promote germination of soil-stored seed in a broad range of species in mediterranean-type systems. However, relatively little work has been conducted in south-eastern Australian heathlands. This study examined the effects of heat and smoked water on germination of the soil seed bank in a mature sand heathland within the Gippsland Lakes Coastal Park, in south-eastern Australia. Heat was clearly the most successful treatment for promoting seed germination, followed by smoked water, then controls, with 55% of species present in the germinable soil seed bank requiring a heat or smoke stimulus to promote seed germination. Mean species richness of the germinable soil seed bank was found to be significantly higher in heat-treated soil than in smoke and control treatments. Seedling density of heat-treated soil was almost 10 times that of controls, while smoke-treated soil was almost five times that of controls. Seedling emergence was fastest in heat-treated soil, followed by smoke and control soils. Of the species found in the soil seed bank, 25% were absent from the extant vegetation, suggesting the existence of post-fire colonisers in the soil seed bank. The results have implications for the design of soil seed bank experiments and the use of fire as a tool in vegetation management.

scholarly journals Similarity between seed bank and herb layer in a natural deciduous temperate lowland forest

2011 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Wódkiewicz ◽  
Anna Justyna Kwiatkowska-Falińska
Keyword(s):  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Similarity Index ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Herb Layer ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Lowland Forest ◽  
Soil Seed Banks ◽  
Dominance Structure ◽  
Species Similarity

Forest seed banks mostly studied in managed forests proved to be small, species poor and not reflecting aboveground species composition. Yet studies conducted in undisturbed communities indicate a different seed bank characteristic. Therefore we aimed at describing soil seed bank in an undisturbed forest in a remnant of European lowland temperate forests, the Białowieża Forest. We compared similarity between the herb layer and seed bank, similarity of seed bank between different patches, and dominance structure of species in the herb layer and in the seed bank of two related oak-hornbeam communities. We report relatively high values of Sorensen species similarity index between herb layer and seed bank of both patches. This suggests higher species similarity of the herb layer and soil seed bank in natural, unmanaged forests represented by both plots than in fragmented communities influenced by man. Although there was a set of core seed bank species present at both plots, yielding high Sorensen species similarity index values, considerable differences between plots in seed bank size and dominance structure of species were found, indicating spatial variability of studied seed bank generated by edaphic conditions. Dominance structure of species in the herb layer was not reflected in the underlying seed bank. This stresses, that natural forest regeneration cannot rely only on the seed bank, although some forest species are capable of forming soil seed banks. While forest seed banks may not reflect vegetation composition of past successional stages, they may inform on history and land use of a specific plot.

scholarly journals Rainfall in growing season determines the size of an annual-dominated soil seed bank in a desert ecosystem

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya-Fei Shi ◽  
Zengru Wang ◽  
Bing-Xin Xu ◽  
Jian-Qiang Huo ◽  
Rui Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Soil Seed Bank ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Seed Banks ◽  
Desert Ecosystem ◽  
Perennial Herb ◽  
Desert Ecosystems ◽  
Soil Seed Banks

Soil seed banks may offer great potential for restoring and maintaining desert ecosystems that have been degraded by climate change and anthropogenic disturbance. However, few studies have explored the annual dynamics in the composition and relative abundance of these soil seed banks. We conducted a long-term observational study to assess the effects of environmental factors (meteorology and microtopography) and aboveground vegetation on the soil seed bank of the Tengger Desert, China. The desert seed bank was dominated by annual herbs. We found that more rainfall in the growing season increased the number of seeds in the soil seed bank, and that quadrats at relatively higher elevations had fewer seeds. The species composition had more similarity in the seed bank than in the aboveground vegetation, though the seed bank and aboveground vegetation did change synchronously due to the rapid propagation of annuals. Together, our findings suggest that the combined effects of environmental factors and plant life forms determine the species composition and size of soil seed banks in deserts. Thus, if degraded desert ecosystems are left to regenerate naturally, the lack of shrub and perennial herb seeds could crucially limit their restoration. Human intervention and management may have to be applied to enhance the seed abundance of longer-lived lifeforms in degraded deserts.

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