scholarly journals Modeling the Cost of Technology Transfer and Economic Growth in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Onochie Jude Dieli ◽  
Mika Kato ◽  
Gbolahan S. Osho ◽  
Stiff Cleveland
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Growth ◽  
State Level ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Mobile Phone Technology ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Growth Equilibrium ◽  
The Cost

This research studies the effects of wireless mobile phone technology on technology transfer and economic growth, and its distributional consequence in Nigeria. After deregulation of telecom industry, wireless technology has become widely available in Nigeria  The current study argues that the availability of wireless technology helps to reduce the cost of learning and implementing world technology frontier and thus that it promotes smoother transfer of technology from technologically-advanced countries to Nigeria and brings significant growth in the economy. Using a multi-sector Schumpeterian growth model, thus, it explains the relationship between the cost of technology transfer and economic growth. The model generates two equilibria where the low equilibrium has zero growth. This study shows that a group with low cost of technology transfer is likely to achieve the high growth equilibrium while a group with high cost of technology transfer is likely to achieve the low growth equilibrium. Using the industry-level and the state-level data, the study found that the availability of wireless technology increased transfer of technology measured by the volume of imports and spurred growth in Nigeria. Moreover, the research found that the benefit of the wireless technology is greater for lower income groups and thus the technology helped to reduce distributional inequality of economic benefit.

Licensing as a Central Structure of Technology Transfer Agreements. Joint Venture and Franchising Agreements

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Guerrero Gaitán
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Market Imperfections ◽  
Sources Of Knowledge ◽  
Transfer Of Technology

Abstract R&D is one of the most important sources of knowledge and economic growth worldwide, and technology transfer is the principal means to access this knowledge. Nevertheless, market imperfections, externalities, and abusive behaviors have been used by some jurisdictions to justify the enactment of regulations on different contractual categories frequently used to implement this transfer of technology.

Bridging the Technology Transfer Gap

1993 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 176-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Cost Benefits ◽  
Trading Company ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Effective Transfer ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Achieve Maximum Benefit

The cost–benefits of academic–industry alliances are examined as well as the mechanisms to achieve maximum benefit to all the participants. Strategies to ensure the effective transfer of technology from universities to enterprises are reviewed and suggestions on how these might be refined and supported are offered. The article also touches on the role of a university trading company which can be pivotal in enhancing and expanding academic–industry links.

scholarly journals Nexus Between Technological Innovation and Economic Growth: Evidence From Nigeria (1980-2018)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Ebunoluwa OYEGOKE ◽  
◽  
Osman Nuri ARAS ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technological Innovation ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Advanced Country ◽  
Innovation Activities ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

Technological innovation in developing countries is inherently identified with the transfer of technology from the advanced country via trade, FDI and importation of capital and intermediate goods, machinery and other forms of embodied technology (ETC). This is due to low investments in in-house research and development (R&D) activities by local producers, hence, the need for technology transfer and spillover. This study contributes to existing knowledge by examining the empirical short-run and the long-run relationship between technological innovation and economic growth, a case study of Nigeria using the ARDL model on annual time series data spanning from 1980-2018. The f-bound cointegration test shows a long-run relationship among the variables at 5% significant level. Overall, is the results show a positive relationship between innovation in the form of technology transfer and spillover, and economic growth at 5% level of significance. Based on these findings, we propose that technological innovation should be encouraged; however, in-house innovation activities (R&D) should be encouraged due to its peculiarity to the economic structure of the country.

scholarly journals Foreign Direct Investment and Spillover Effects in Africa: An Empirical Review

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Author(s):  
Richard Angelous Kotey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
African Continent ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Transfer Of Technology ◽  
Transfer Channels

The purpose of this paper is to holistically present relevant empirical findings on FDI, economic growth and spillover effects in the African continent, focusing primarily on technology transfer. This review shows evidence to suggest the FDI coming into Africa is low compared to other continents, even though foreign investments have consistently yielded higher returns. The paper also presents stylized facts of FDI inflows and examines the strands in literature. Aunique graphical framework showing technology transfer channels is well elaborated. The study provides a sufficient empirical view of FDI and technology transfer in the African contextand suggests this transfer of technology could be the means of bridging the technology gap between developed and developing economies.

Advance Protection for Three Phase Induction Motor using Microcontroller Atmega32

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Karan S Belsare ◽  
Gajanan D Patil
Keyword(s):  
Induction Motor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Cost Factor ◽  
Protection Scheme ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Cost

A low cost and reliable protection scheme has been designed for a three phase induction motor against unbalance voltages, under voltage, over voltage, short circuit and overheating protection. Taking the cost factor into consideration the design has been proposed using microcontroller Atmega32, MOSFETs, relays, small CTs and PTs. However the sensitivity of the protection scheme has been not compromised. The design has been tested online in the laboratory for small motors and the same can be implemented for larger motors by replacing the i-v converters and relays of suitable ratings.

Janus – A New Approach to Air Combat Pilot Training

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-22
Author(s):  
Georges Bridel ◽  
Zdobyslaw Goraj ◽  
Lukasz Kiszkowiak ◽  
Jean-Georges Brévot ◽  
Jean-Pierre Devaux ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Training System ◽  
Embedded Sensors ◽  
Pilot Training ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Combat Aircraft ◽  
Air Combat ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Advanced jet training still relies on old concepts and solutions that are no longer efficient when considering the current and forthcoming changes in air combat. The cost of those old solutions to develop and maintain combat pilot skills are important, adding even more constraints to the training limitations. The requirement of having a trainer aircraft able to perform also light combat aircraft operational mission is adding unnecessary complexity and cost without any real operational advantages to air combat mission training. Thanks to emerging technologies, the JANUS project will study the feasibility of a brand-new concept of agile manoeuvrable training aircraft and an integrated training system, able to provide a live, virtual and constructive environment. The JANUS concept is based on a lightweight, low-cost, high energy aircraft associated to a ground based Integrated Training System providing simulated and emulated signals, simulated and real opponents, combined with real-time feedback on pilot’s physiological characteristics: traditionally embedded sensors are replaced with emulated signals, simulated opponents are proposed to the pilot, enabling out of sight engagement. JANUS is also providing new cost effective and more realistic solutions for “Red air aircraft” missions, organised in so-called “Aggressor Squadrons”.

ECONOMIC PERSPECTIVES OF BIOTECHNOLOGIES USING IN ANIMAL FARMING

1970 ◽  
pp. 57-60
Author(s):  
I. F. Gorlov ◽  
A. A. Mosolov ◽  
G. V. Komlatskiy ◽  
M. A. Nesterenko ◽  
K. D. Nimbona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Transfer ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Dairy Herd ◽  
State Level ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Economic Perspectives ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Short Time

The article presents materials on the study of the possibility of reproduction and increase in the herd of highly productive cows through the use of embryo transplantation technology. The classical (in vivo) and more modern, developing (in vitro) methods of embryotransfer, their positive and negative sides are considered in detail. The possibility of accelerating the breeding process by using the method of transplantation, in which from one cow can be obtained from 10 to 100 calves, which will allow for 4-5 years, almost any herd (of any size and breed) with the help of biotechnology to turn into a cattle-breeding enterprise of the most modern level. At the same time, heifers obtained from unproductive cows can be used as "surrogate" mothers who are transplanted with the best donor embryos, which allows to obtain a full-fledged offspring adapted to local environmental conditions. A detailed scheme of obtaining, evaluation, storage, as well as the cost and economic effect of embryo transplantation was calculated, the market was evaluated, the required annual volume of transplants and the number of donor cows for large livestock farms were determined. As a positive example of "Scientific-production enterprise "Centre of biotechnology and embryo transfer" in 2014, implemented a project for accelerated replacement and genetic improvement of the dairy herd, engraftment averaged 57-69%, and the economic effect of the enterprise from getting a single animal by the method of embryo transfer, compared with imports of similar close in quality, ranged from 60 to 100 thousand rubles on his head. It is shown that it is necessary to organize at the state level a developed service for embryo transplantation to reduce the cost of embryo transfer and the possibility of creating in a short time in the country's own highly productive breeding nucleus of dairy and beef cattle, which will reduce, and in the future completely eliminate, import dependence on cattle products.

Variations in economic growth across states in Malaysia: an exploratory analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusniliyana Yusof ◽  
Kaliappa Kalirajan
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
State Level ◽  
Bootstrap Sampling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Estimation Techniques ◽  
Development Index ◽  
Three Stage Least Squares ◽  
Development Gap

PurposeThe study contributes to the aim of regional development policy in reducing regional disparities, by examining the spatial balance in socioeconomic development across the states of Malaysia based on composite development index (CDI). Besides, the study has attempted to understand the issues in the development gaps across Malaysian states by evaluating the factors that explain the variation in economic growthDesign/methodology/approachThis study uses three-stage least squares (3SLS) and bootstrap sampling and estimation techniques to examine the factors that explain the variations in the growth of development across the states in Malaysia. The analysis involves 13 states in Malaysia (Johor, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pulau Pinang, Perak, Perlis, Selangor, Kedah, Kelantan, Pahang, Terengganu, Sabah and Sarawak) from 2005 to 2015.FindingsThe pattern in the spatial socioeconomic imbalance demonstrates a decreasing trend. However, the development index reveals that the performance of less developed states remained behind that of the developed states. The significant factors in explaining the variation in growth across the Malaysian states are relating to agriculture, manufacturing, human capital, population growth, Chinese ethnicity, institutional factors and natural resources.Research limitations/implicationsThe authors focused on Malaysian states over the period between 2005 and 2015. The authors encountered some limitations in obtaining relevant data such as international factors and technological change that might also explain the variation in economic growth as the data on these variables are not reported at the state level. Moreover, the data on GSDP by sector was only available from the year 2005. Second, the study is based on secondary data. Future studies might examine the factors that contribute to the development gap across Malaysian states through interviews or questionnaires and compare the findings with the existing results. Despite its limitations, this study contributes to the existing literature that emphasizes on spatial balance of socioeconomic in a developing country, focusing on Malaysian states.Practical implicationsThese findings provide guidance for policymakers by understanding key potential areas to reduce the disparity in economic growth across Malaysian states by understanding their impact on the growth.Originality/valueThis study employs different method of 3SLS and bootstrap sampling and estimation techniques in examining the factors that explain the variations in the growth of development across the states in Malaysia.

The Conversion Conundrum: The State and Federal Response to Hospitals’ Changes in Charitable Status

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 221-250
Author(s):  
Lawrence E. Singer
Keyword(s):  
Joint Venture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
State Level ◽  
The State ◽  
Nonprofit Hospitals ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Tax Exempt ◽  
Federal Response ◽  
Profit Status ◽  
Hospital Conversions

The pressures encountered by hospitals in the current era of reimbursement declines and stiffened competition are well known. As the “ultimate” payors—primarily employers and government—aggressively continue to seek low cost care, the response of the hospital industry has been to move toward consolidation and efficiency-enhancing mechanisms.Increasingly, nonprofit, tax-exempt hospitals have come to believe that they are at a significant disadvantage vis-á-vis their for-profit brethren in their ability to attract the capital needed to compete in the market. A growing trend among nonprofit hospitals, therefore, is to sell to or enter into a joint venture with a proprietary organization, or alternatively to convert to for-profit status. In 1995, fifty-eight nonprofit hospitals became for-profit; hospital conversions to for-profit status in 1996 are projected to outstrip the pace established the prior year.The conversion trend has not gone unnoticed at the state level. Recently, several states have proposed or enacted laws regulating sales and conversions of nonprofit hospitals, and many more states are contemplating such legislation.

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