Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. Potential Antifungal Agent Against Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, Fungi Responsible of Black Leaf Streak Disease (BLSD) of Plantain (Musa spp)

Alternatives to synthetic chemicals are undertaken against phytopathogens. The aim of this work is to evaluate the effect of seed extracts of Thevetia peruviana (Pers.) K. Schum. on Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, fungus responsible for banana black leaf streak disease. Five extracts of T. peruviana, hexane extract (HE), ethyl acetate extract (EAE), acetone extract (AcE), methanol extract (ME) and aqueous extract (AqE), and a fungicide, Azoxystrobin were used. GC-MS of acetone extract was performed. Fifty (50) strains of M. fijiensis per sampling site were tested. Three concentrations of extracts 6.25 (C1), 12.5 (C2), and 25 (C3) μl/ml, a negative control (0 μl/ml) and 10 ppm of azoxystrobin were used for the tests. The MIC50 and MIC90 were determined. GC-MS showed chemical compounds with different molecular height such as acids, sugars, and esters. AcE and AqE significantly reduced M. fijiensis germ tube growth at C2 and C3 concentrations and with inhibition percentage respectively ranged of 60-90% and 40-80%. The growth levels of the germ tubes were above the strobilurin resistance threshold at Njombe and peasant plantation, ranging from 77.9% to 92.3%. AcE showed the same or superior efficacy as the fungicide used on conidial germination at all tested concentrations. The MIC50 totally reducing mycelial growth and conidial germination was 6.25 μl/ml. T. peruviana seeds extracts can be exploited in integrated pests management against M. fijiensis.

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Black leaf streak disease of bananas (Mycosphaerella fijiensis): Symptoms of disease in Hawaii, and notes on the conidial state of the causal fungus

Transactions of the British Mycological Society ◽

10.1016/s0007-1536(69)80130-0 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 52 (3) ◽

pp. 459-IN16 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

D.S. Meredith ◽

J.S. Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Conidial State ◽

Causal Fungus ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease

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Banana black leaf streak disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) in Western Samoa

Transactions of the British Mycological Society ◽

10.1016/s0007-1536(79)80046-7 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 299-310 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

P.G. Long

Keyword(s):

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Western Samoa ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease

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A Quantitative Assay Using Mycelial Fragments to Assess Virulence of Mycosphaerella fijiensis

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-97-8-0916 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (8) ◽

pp. 916-929 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Bruno Giuliano Garisto Donzelli ◽

Alice C. L. Churchill

Keyword(s):

Image Analysis ◽

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Analysis Software ◽

Leaf Section ◽

Small Areas ◽

Image Analysis Software ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease ◽

Banana Leaf ◽

Degree Of Fragmentation

We describe a method to evaluate the virulence of Mycosphaerella fijiensis, the causal agent of black leaf streak disease (BLSD) of banana and plantain. The method is based on the delivery of weighed slurries of fragmented mycelia by camel's hair brush to 5-by-5-cm areas on the abaxial surface of banana leaf blades. Reliable BLSD development was attained in an environmental growth chamber with stringent lighting and humidity controls. By localizing inoculum onto small areas of large leaves, we achieved a dramatic increase in the number of strains that can be tested on each leaf and plant, which is critical for comparing the virulence of numerous strains concurrently. Image analysis software was used to measure the percentage of each inoculated leaf section showing BLSD symptoms over time. We demonstrated that the level of disease of four isolates was correlated with the weight of the mycelium applied and relatively insensitive to the degree of fragmentation of hyphae. This is the first report demonstrating that weighed mycelial inoculum, combined with image analysis software to measure disease severity, can be used to quantitatively assess the virulence of M. fijiensis under rigorously controlled environmental conditions.

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Salicylic Acid And Acibenzolar-s-methyl Induced Resistance Against Toxic Effect Of Juglone, A Toxin Of Mycosphaerella Fijiensis Causal Agent Of Banana Black Leaf Streak Disease

JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE ◽

10.24297/jaa.v3i3.4287 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 204-217

Author(s):

AMARI Ler-N'Ogn Dadé Georges Elisée ◽

CHERIF Mamadou ◽

Hilaire Tanoh Kouakou ◽

CAMARA Brahima ◽

KONÉ Daouda

Keyword(s):

Salicylic Acid ◽

Disease Management ◽

Toxic Effect ◽

Systemic Acquired Resistance ◽

Acquired Resistance ◽

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease ◽

Banana Leaves

Salicylic acid and its analogues are considered the most important compounds which can be activated a systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants. The disadvantages and limits related to the usual methods in particular fungicide spray to the control of black leaf streak disease (BLSD) require research of approaches more respectful of the environment for this disease management such as the use of SAR inducers. The effects of Salicylic acid (SA) and Acibenzolar-S-methyl (ASM) on the interaction of two susceptible cultivars of banana (Orishele and Corne 1) with the hemibiotrophic fungal Mycosphaerella fijiensis and his toxin (juglone) were investigated. The results showed that SA and ASM at low concentrations (25 and 50 µg/ml) did not affect M. fijiensis development but have the capacity to induce protection into sensitive banana against juglone toxic effect. These SAR inducers reduced the intensity of the necrosis due to the juglone and lengthened the incubation period of M. fijiensis after inoculation of banana leaves. The expression of the resistance induced was related to the variety of banana. More significant effectiveness of protection was obtained with ASM in particular on Corne 1. A total protection against the induction of necrosis was kept up to 100 µg/ml of juglone 2 to 3 weeks after application of ASM on the soil and on the leaves of banana. ASM constitutes a viable and noncontaminant option in the fight against to BLSD because of his non-inhibiting action on M. fijiensis and excellent protection into banana when roots and leaves were treated.

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Expression of MfAvr4 in banana leaf sections with black leaf streak disease caused by Mycosphaerella fijiensis: a technical validation

Australasian Plant Pathology ◽

10.1007/s13313-016-0431-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 481-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Cecilia Mónica Rodríguez-García ◽

Abril Diane Canché-Gómez ◽

Luis Sáenz-Carbonell ◽

Leticia Peraza-Echeverría ◽

Blondy Canto-Canché ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Technical Validation ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease ◽

Banana Leaf

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Oxidative stress response of Mycosphaerella fijiensis, the causal agent of black leaf streak disease in banana plants, to hydrogen peroxide and paraquat

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/w09-023 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 55 (7) ◽

pp. 887-894 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Miguel J. Beltrán-García ◽

Gilberto Manzo-Sanchez ◽

Salvador Guzmán-González ◽

Carlos Arias-Castro ◽

Martha Rodríguez-Mendiola ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Hydrogen Peroxide ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Antioxidant Response ◽

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Native Page ◽

Rapid Decomposition ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Catalase Peroxidase ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease

Mycosphaerella fijiensis causes black leaf streak disease in banana and plantain. This fungus is usually attacked by reactive oxygen species secreted by the plant or during exposure to fungicide, however, little is known about the antioxidant response of the fungus. In this study, mycelia were observed to totally decompose 30 mmol/L of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) within 120 min, liberating oxygen bubbles, and also to survive in concentrations as high as 100 mmol/L H2O2. The oxidative stress responses to H2O2, paraquat, and hydroquinone were characterized in terms of the activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Two active catalase bands were seen in native PAGE induced by H2O2. Band I had monofunctional activity and band II had bifunctional catalase–peroxidase activity. Two isozymes of SOD, distinguishable by their cyanide sensitivity, were found; CuZnSOD was the main one. The combination of H2O2 and 3-aminotriazole reduced the accumulation of biomass up to 40% compared with exposure to H2O2 alone, suggesting that catalase is important for the rapid decomposition of H2O2 and has a direct bearing on cell viability. The results also suggest that the superoxide anion formed through the redox of paraquat and hydroquinone has a greater effect than H2O2 on the cellular viability of M. fijiensis.

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Potential use ofTrichoderma-based bioproduct for black leaf streak disease(Mycosphaerella fijiensis)management in the field

Biocontrol Science and Technology ◽

10.1080/09583157.2014.982512 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 25 (4) ◽

pp. 481-486

Author(s):

Rosa Castro ◽

Marcia Pesántez ◽

Pedro Lema ◽

José Quevedo ◽

Pablo Arichabala ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease ◽

Potential Use

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Pression d’inoculum de la maladie des raies noires (MRN) causée par Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, dans les plantations industrielles de bananiers, en Côte d’ivoire

European Scientific Journal ESJ ◽

10.19044/esj.2016.v12n3p37 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 37

Author(s):

B. Essis ◽

K. Kobenan ◽

S. Traoré ◽

J. Yatty ◽

D. Koné ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acceptable Level ◽

Effective Management ◽

Mycosphaerella Fijiensis ◽

The World ◽

Industrial Plantation ◽

Black Leaf Streak ◽

Production Area ◽

Black Leaf Streak Disease ◽

One Year ◽

Inoculum Pressure

The Black Leaf Streak Disease (BLSD) is one of main parasitic constraints of the agro-industrial plantations of banana in the world. Caused by a fungus ascomycete (Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet), the losses of yield are up to 50 %, without of resistant cultivars and effective management. This study relative to the level of the disease has been conducted in 12 industrial plantation in 6 production area: Aboisso, Grand- Bassam, Dabou, Agboville, Azaguié and Tiassalé; for a total surface of 2576 ha. The observations concerned the ranks of Youngest Leaf Spotted (YLS), of the Youngest Leaf Necrosed (YLN), the Number of Standing Leaves (NSL) and the gap between the Youngest Leaf Spotted and the Number of Standing Leaves. The results showed that chronic re-infestation of industrial plantation during the last five years, except CDBCI Tiassalé-Songon in 2011 and 2012. An acceptable level of re-infestation was observed in 2012 on other plantations, with the rank of YLS greater than or equal to 3, except BATIA Tiassalé and CDBCI Azaguié. The internal inoculum pressure (YLS) varied a lot from one plantation to another and from one year to another. Except plantation SBMK Aboisso and BATIA Tiassalé, other plantations had at least one value of the rank of the top YLS or equal to 8, during the study indicating a relatively low severity of the BLSD. From 2009 to 2012, all plantations have shown over 8 standing leaves, the minimum required for proper filling of the bunch of banana regime at the time of flowering.

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