scholarly journals Residential Electricity Consumption in Las Cruces, New Mexico, USA

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Thomas M Fullerton ◽  
Francisco F. Mejía
Keyword(s):  
New Mexico ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Degree Days ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Residential Electricity Consumption ◽  
Residential Consumption

This study examines how residential electricity consumption (KWHC) reacts to changes in the price of electricity, the price of natural gas, real income per capita, heating degree days, and cooling degree days. Annual frequency data analyzed are for Las Cruces, the second largest metropolitan economy in New Mexico. The sample period is 1977 to 2016. An AutoregressiveDistributed Lag model (ARDL) is employed to obtain long-run and short-run elasticities. In the long-run, residential consumption does not respond in a statistically reliable manner to any of the explanatory variables. All of the coefficient signs are as expected and those for real per capita income and total degree days appear plausible. In the short-run, residential consumption responds reliably to variations in all of the variables except per capita income. Somewhat surprisingly, the short-run results also include an own-price elasticity that is close to zero, implying that residential electricity has a horizontal demand curve in Las Cruces.

NON-LINEAR EFFECTS OF TERRORISM ON ECONOMIC GROWTH IN PAKISTAN: ACCOUNTING FOR CAPITAL PER WORKER AND STRUCTURAL BREAKS

2019 ◽  
pp. 1950014
Author(s):  
RONALD RAVINESH Kumar ◽  
SYED JAWAD HUSSAIN SHAHZAD ◽  
PETER JOSEF STAUVERMANN ◽  
NIKEEL Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Structural Breaks ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Capital Share ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita

In this study, we examine the asymmetric effects of terrorism and economic growth in Pakistan over the period 1970–2016, while considering the role of capital per worker and structural breaks. We use the non-linear ARDL approach to establish the long-run association and to estimate the short-run and long-run effects accordingly. The results indicate the presence of asymmetries in both long and short run. Moreover, 1% decrease in terrorism results in an increase of per capita income by 0.02% in the long run and 0.001% in the short run. Assuming symmetry, the long run capital share is 0.47. In asymmetric relation, a 1% increase in capital share increases output by 0.55%, whereas a 1% decrease in capital stock decreases output by 0.26%. The break effects show that the years 1993 and 2004 have negative effects on growth. The vector error correction model-based causality results indicate a unidirectional causality from terrorism to per capita income. Overall, the results highlight that terrorism is growth retarding.

scholarly journals Vocational Education, Per Capita Income, and Employment in the US

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 392
Author(s):  
Eric Im Posthumous ◽  
Tam Vu
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Education ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
College Graduates ◽  
University Education ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Us ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Using Data

This paper examines the effects of vocational education on per capita income and employment in the U.S. A panel dataset on the number of graduates from community colleges as a proxy for vocational education for fifty states and Washington D.C. during 2002-2010 is used. The method of three stage least squares was employed. The results show that vocational education appears to affect changes in per capita income and employment positively. Nest, we compare and contrast vocational education with university education by using data on the number of four-year college graduates. The results show that the vocational education increases per capita income and employment more than university education in the short run but less than the latter in the long run.

scholarly journals Determinants of Rice Import Demand in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 923-931
Author(s):  
W.A. Yusuf ◽  
S.A. Yusuf ◽  
A.A.A. Adesope ◽  
O.Z. Adebayo
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Error Correction ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Import Price ◽  
Import Demand ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Rice Consumption ◽  
Per Capita

Primarily, the study examined the determinants of rice import demand in Nigeria by assessing the short run and long run dynamic model  relationships among the determinants, trends and extent of causality among per capita income, population, exchange rate and price of rice imports were equally examined, using data obtained from the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and National Bureau of statistics (NBS) over the period 1961 to 2013. Data obtained showed the perceived determinants of imports demand for rice in Nigeria were local rice production, rice import price, rice consumption, per capita income, and exchange rate, price of local rice, domestic stock variation, maize price, meat price and demographic  development. The short run dynamic model result showed that rice consumption, price of meat, price of maize, local rice quantity, demography development and stock variance are statistically significant at 5%. The significance of the coefficient of the error correction term confirmed theappropriateness of the error correction approach which also showed that ignoring the long run relationship is detrimental. The result however, revealed that rice import demand increases significantly with increasing rice consumption, increasing price of meat, increasing price of maize (keeping that for imported rice unchanged) and increasing demography development. Rice import price, per capita income, price of local rice and exchange rate had no significant effects on rice import demand. The study therefore recommends that locally-produced rice should be intensively improved. Keywords: demography, determinants, Error correction mechanism, rice import demand

scholarly journals Determinants of National Saving in Four West African Countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Abasimi ◽  
Agbassou Y. A. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
West African ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Adf Test

Saving is one of the preeminent integral of economic growth. The desideratum of this study is to investigate the determinants of national saving in four West African countries, namely, Ghana, Togo, Burkina Faso, and Cote d’ Ivoire. The study uses annual data from the World Bank database for the period 1997-2016. The Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) test, Cumulative sum of residuals (CUSUM) test, and autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds test were used to examine the stationarity, stability, and cointegration of the variables respectively. ARDF model analysis was carried out to determine the short run and long run determinants of national saving in the studied countries. The long run results reveal that gross domestic product, per capita income and real interest rate has a statistically and significant positive effect on gross savings, were as age dependency ratio has a statistical, and insignificant negative relationship with gross saving. The short run results suggest that gross domestic product and per capita income possesses positive statistical significant effects on gross national savings.It is recommended that, in other to promote saving, growth and development, pragmatic and realistic economic policies should be formulated to strengthen all monetary and financial institutions in the respective countries.

scholarly journals Investigating the residential electricity consumption-income nexus in Morocco: a stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology analysis

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1089
Author(s):  
Charifa Haouraji ◽  
Badia Mounir ◽  
Ilham Mounir ◽  
Laila Elmazouzi ◽  
Abdelmajid Farchi
Keyword(s):  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Bounds Testing ◽  
Stability Parameters ◽  
Per Capita Gdp ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Residential Electricity Consumption ◽  
Electricity Intensity

In a comprehensive LMDI-STIRPAT-ARDL framework, this research investigates the residential electricity consumption (REC)-income nexus in Morocco for the period 1990 to 2018. The logarithmic mean Divisia index (LMDI) results show that economic activity and electricity intensity are the leading drivers of Morocco’s REC, followed by population and residential structure. And then, the LMDI analysis was combined with stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology (STIRPAT) analysis and the bounds testing approach to search for a long-run equilibrium relationship. The empirical results show that REC, economic growth, urbanization, and electricity intensity are cointegrated. The results further show that there exists a U-shaped relationship between per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and REC: an increase in per capita GDP reduces REC initially; but, after reaching a turning point (the GDPPC level of 17,145.22 Dh), further increases in per capita GDP increase REC. Regarding urbanization, the results reveal that it has no significant impact on Morocco’s REC. The stability parameters of the short and long-term coefficients of residential electricity demand function are tested. The results of these tests showed a stable pattern. Finally, based on the findings mentioned above, policy implications for guiding the country's development and electricity planning under energy and environmental constraints are given.

Electricity consumption and GDP nexus in Bangladesh: a time series investigation

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Rani Dey ◽  
Mohammed Tareque
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Omitted Variables ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Bound Test

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to assess the empirical cointegration, long-run and short-run dynamics as well as causal relationship between electricity consumption and real GDP in Bangladesh for the period of 1971‒2014. Design/methodology/approach Autoregressive Distributed lag (ARDL) “Bound Test” approach is employed for the investigation in this study. Findings Both short-run and long-run coefficients are providing strong evidence of having positive significant association between electricity consumption and GDP. Our long-run results remain robust to different measurements and estimators as well. The study reveals the unidirectional causal flow running from per capita electricity consumption to per capita real GDP in the short run. The study result also yields strong evidence of bidirectional causal relationship between per capita electricity consumption and per capita real GDP in the long run with feedback. It is suggested that both electricity generation and conservation policy will be effective for Bangladesh economy. Originality/value In prior studies, lack of causality between electricity consumption and GDP is due to the omitted variables. Combined effects of public spending and trade openness on GDP and electricity consumption are also considerable.

scholarly journals Interplays among R&D spending, patent and income growth: new empirical evidence from the panel of countries and groups

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Chandra Das
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Capita Income ◽  
Social Cost ◽  
Income Growth ◽  
Var Model ◽  
Per Capita Income ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Capita Income Growth

Abstract Industrial houses and governments of different countries and groups spend a sizeable amount of their earnings upon research and development activities to create new products and obtain patents for them. The short-run motive is to get patents, and the long-run motive is to influence income growth of the countries. The empirical findings so far are skeptical on the effects of research and development (R&D) spending. The present study further investigates the long-run associations and short-run dynamics among R&D spending, number of patents and per capita income growth in the panel of countries and groups for the period 1996–2017. Using VAR model for the panel data, the study observes that R&D spending, number of patents and per capita income growth have no long-run equilibrium relations but in the short-run, income growth and number of patents make a cause to R&D spending. However, there are weak causation from patents and R&D spending to income growth rates. The study thus recommends for controlling unfair competition on spending on R&D head and getting patents since it increases the magnitudes of social cost.

scholarly journals Electricity Consumption and Economic Growth in Vietnam: A Cointegration and Causality Analysis

2011 ◽  
pp. 24-36
Author(s):  
Canh Le Quang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Causality Analysis ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
National Energy Security ◽  
Causality Relationship ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Electricity Shortage ◽  
Domestic Products

Using a cointegration and causality analysis, this paper investigates the causal relationship between electricity consumption and economic growth in Vietnam dur- ing the period of 1975-2010. Empirical results show that there is no causality effect of per capita electricity consumption on per capita Gross domestic products (GDP) in both the short-run and long-run, but a causality relationship running from per capita GDP to per capita electricity consumption in the long-run. This result is help- ful to understand the roles of economic growth on making energy policies in Vietnam to deal with the current electricity shortage accompanied with economic growth and to ensure national energy security.

Electricity consumption and income nexus: evidence from Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1020-1037 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sima Rani Dey
Keyword(s):  
Causal Relationship ◽  
National Income ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Vector Error Correction ◽  
Vector Error ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Error Correction Modeling

Purpose The purpose of this study is to examine the causal relationship between per capita electricity consumption (PCEC) and per capita gross national income (GNI) (PCGNI) in Bangladesh for the period of 1971-2014. Design/methodology/approach Vector error correction modeling approach. Findings The study reveals that positive short-run unidirectional causal flow running between PCEC to PCGNI without feedback which implies that an increase in electricity consumption promptly affects economic activity. The results of both long-run and joint causality yield strong evidence of bidirectional causal relationship between PCEC and per capita real GNI with feedback. Originality/value Therefore, both electricity generation and conservation policy will be effective for Bangladesh economy. So, smooth supply of electricity is necessary to meet the growing electricity demand for consumption; consequently, it will lead to sustain of growth and take it even higher level.

scholarly journals Resposta à Demanda na Energia Elétrica Residencial por Controle Direto das Cargas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamires Martins ◽  
Mirlane Silva ◽  
Fabiano De Padua
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electricity Consumption ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Direct Control ◽  
Consumption Values ◽  
Residential Electricity ◽  
Residential Electricity Consumption ◽  
Residential Consumption

This paper proposes a demand side management system of residential electricity consumption through direct control by the utility using low cost devices. Through three levels of need (common, worrying and urgent) the controllable loads will be turned off in a list from lowest to highest priority. The expected result is a reduction in peak residential consumption values without loss of quality of life, as well as a partial shutdown of residential consumption.

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