scholarly journals Circulating or tissue microRNAs and extracellular vesicles as potential lung cancer biomarkers: a systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Song ◽  
Xiuli Yu ◽  
Zongmei Zang ◽  
Guijuan Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Prediction Of Prognosis

For both lung cancer patients and clinical physicians, tumor biomarkers for more efficient early diagnosis and prediction of prognosis are always wanted. Biomarkers in circulating serum, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and extracellular vesicles, hold the greatest possibilities to partially substitute for tissue biopsy. In this systematic review, studies on circulating or tissue miRNAs and extracellular vesicles as potential biomarkers for lung cancer patients were reviewed and are discussed. Furthermore, the target genes of the miRNAs indicated were identified through the miRTarBase, while the relevant biological processes and pathways of miRNAs in lung cancer were analyzed through MiRNA Enrichment Analysis and Annotation (MiEAA). In conclusion, circulating or tissue miRNAs and extracellular vesicles provide us with a window to explore strategies for diagnosing and assessing prognosis and treatment in lung cancer patients.

scholarly journals c-Myc shuttled by tumour-derived extracellular vesicles promotes lung bronchial cell proliferation through miR-19b and miR-92a

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Borzi ◽  
Linda Calzolari ◽  
Anna M. Ferretti ◽  
Laura Caleca ◽  
Ugo Pastorino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

Abstract Lung cancer causes approximately one fifth of all cancer deaths. Tumour cells actively communicate with the surrounding microenvironment to support malignant progression. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication and modulate recipient cells by delivering their contents, including proteins and nucleic acids such as microRNAs (miRNAs). We isolated EVs from the conditioned medium (CM) of human lung cancer cell lines and plasma of lung cancer patients and cancer-free smokers using an ultracentrifugation method. A significant increase in bronchial HBEC-KRASV12high cell proliferation, confirmed by cell cycle analysis, was observed after treatment with cancer-derived EVs. Lung cancer-derived EVs induced transcription of the pri-miR-92a gene, resulting in the overexpression of mature miR-19b and miR-92a in recipient bronchial cells. Modulation of these two miRNAs using miRNA mimics or inhibitors confirmed their ability to promote proliferation. In silico analysis and experimental validation showed that miR-19b and miR-92a impaired the TGF-beta (TGFB) pathway and identified TGFBRI and TGFBRII as target genes involved in EV-mediated bronchial cell proliferation. Interestingly, the oncoprotein c-Myc, a well-known miR-17-92 cluster activator, was detected only in the EVs derived from lung cancer patients and cell lines and was able to modulate the proliferation of HBEC-KRASV12high recipient cells. These data support the role of c-Myc shuttling in lung cancer-derived EVs in inducing the upregulation of onco-miR-19b and miR-92a expression with concomitant impairment of the TGFB signalling pathway in recipient cells.

Circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and prognosis of lung cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 104 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 675-682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Da Huang ◽  
Chao-Hui Dong ◽  
Sheng-Wen Shao ◽  
Tong-Jie Gu ◽  
Zhi-Lin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Hydroxyvitamin D ◽  
25 Hydroxyvitamin D

116: Predictors of distress in lung cancer patients: a systematic review

Lung Cancer ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. S42
Author(s):  
R.S. McHugh ◽  
M. Cousins ◽  
C. Macdonald-Smith ◽  
N. Hulbert-Williams
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Association of Brain Metastases With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Efficacy in Advanced Lung Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanning Wang ◽  
Qianning Zhang ◽  
Chuansheng Chen ◽  
Yuxuan Hu ◽  
Liyun Miao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Brain Metastases ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Advanced Lung Cancer ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Hazard Ratios

BackgroundIn pivotal immunotherapy trials, the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors as treatments for lung cancer patients with brain metastases remains controversial. The aim of this study was to assess the relative efficacy of immunotherapy versus standard systemic therapy in advanced lung cancer patients with and without brain metastases.MethodsSystematic searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane database, and conference proceedings up to Aug 6, 2020 without year and language restrictions. The main outcomes were the overall survival in patients with and without brain metastases measured by hazard ratios, and the difference in efficacy between patients with and without brain metastases was measured by ratio of hazard ratios.ResultsNine eligible randomized controlled trials involving 6241 patients (682 [11%] with brain metastases and 5559 [89%] without brain metastases) were included in the analysis. A survival benefit of immunotherapy was observed for both patients with brain metastases (HR, 0.75; 95%CI, 0.53-0.97; P = .026) and patients without brain metastases (HR, 0.75; 95%CI, 0.67-0.83; P <.001). However, patients without brain metastases benefit more from immunotherapy than patients with brain metastases (HR, 1.37; 95%CI, 1.15-1.63; P = .001). Additionally, subgroup analyses indicated that tumor type affect the efficacy of immunotherapy in patients with brain metastases (HR, 1.04 vs 1.54; interaction, P = .041).ConclusionsImmunotherapy can significantly improve overall survival for advanced lung cancer patients with asymptomatic brain metastases, especially in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, but the magnitude of benefit is brain metastases dependent.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42020206597.

Comprehensive cancer genomics-based screening of new therapeutic targets and biomarkers for lung cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e21031-e21031
Author(s):  
Yataro Daigo ◽  
Atsushi Takano ◽  
Yusuke Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Target ◽  
Cancer Genomics ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Lung Cancer Cells ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Target Molecules

e21031 Background: Since the clinical outcome of advanced lung cancer patients is still poor after standard therapies, development of new anti-cancer drugs with minimum risk of adverse effects and cancer biomarkers for precision medicine is urgently required. Methods: We have been screening new therapeutic target molecules and molecular biomarkers for lung cancers as follows; i) To identify overexpressed genes in lung cancers by the gene expression profile analysis, ii) To verify the target genes for their scarce expression in normal tissues, iii) To validate the clinicopathologic importance of their protein expression by tissue microarray covering 263 lung cancers, and iv) To confirm their function for the growth and/or invasive ability of the lung cancer cells by siRNAs and gene transfection assays. Results: We identified dozens of candidate target molecules and selected a gene encoding protein with a GAP domain, LAPG1 (lung cancer-associated protein with Gap domain 1). Immunohistochemical analysis showed that LAPG1 expression was observed in 69.9% of lung cancers. Moreover positivity of LAPG1 expression was associated with poor prognosis of lung cancer patients. Knockdown of LAPG1 expression by siRNAs suppressed growth of lung cancer cells. Introduction of LAPG1 increased the invasive activity of mammalian cells, indicating that LAPG1 could be a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target for lung cancers. Conclusions: Comprehensive cancer genomics-based screening could be useful for selection of new cancer biomarkers and molecular targets for developing small molecules, antibodies, nucleic acid drugs, and immunotherapies.

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