TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS: ETIOPATHOGENESIS, CLINIC. (Literature review)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 91-96
Author(s):  
Г.Ж. Жакенова ◽  
Р.Б. Нуржанова ◽  
К.Б. Сраилова ◽  
Ж.С. Шерияздан ◽  
А.Б. Ташманова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attacks ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Signs

В данной статье представлен обзор литературы по транзиторным ишемическим атакам: эпидемиология, этиология, патогенез, классификация, основные характеристики с учетом факторов риска, визуализационных признаков МРТ и КТ, клинических проявлений и дифференциальной диагностики данного заболевания на основе современных исследований. This article presents a review of the literature on transient ischemic attacks: epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, classification, main characteristics taking into account risk factors, imaging signs of MRI and CT, clinical manifestations and differential diagnosis of this disease based on modern research.

TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACKS: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, PREVENTION (Literature review)

Vestnik ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Р.Б. Нуржанова ◽  
Г.Ж. Жакенова ◽  
К.Б. Сраилова ◽  
Ж.С. Шерияздан ◽  
А.Б. Ташманова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Research Methods ◽  
Additional Research ◽  
Transient Ischemic Attacks ◽  
Review Of The Literature

В данной статье представлен обзор литературы по транзиторным ишемическим атакам с учетом современных исследований: диагностика, симптомы и синдромы данного заболевания, дифференциальный диагноз с обоснованием дополнительных методов исследования, лечение, профилактика. This article provides a review of the literature on transient ischemic attacks, taking into account modern research: diagnosis, symptoms and syndromes of this disease, differential diagnosis with substantiation of additional research methods, treatment, prevention.

scholarly journals Odontoma composto associado canino incluso no palato: relato de caso

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Breno dos Reis Fernandes ◽  
Darah Ligia Marchiori ◽  
Daniel de Lima e Sá Medronho ◽  
Gabriel Mulinari-Santos ◽  
Patrick Peloso Pereira Figueira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Clinicopathologic Study ◽  
Complex Odontoma ◽  
Compound Odontoma

Odontoma refere-se a tumores de origem odontogênica. Sua etiologia envolve distúrbios de desenvolvimento, traumatismos e infecções. Embora o crescimento seja lento e geralmente assintomático, complicações de ordem estética e funcional podem advir da permanência desta lesão. Os odontomas podem ser classificados como complexos e compostos, e o seu tratamento envolve a remoção cirúrgica conservadora com posterior exame histopatológico. Neste artigo é relatado um caso clínico de uma remoção de um canino incluso no palato associado a um odontoma com posterior enxertia utilizando enxerto do ramo mandibular particulado.Descritores: Odontoma; Cirurgia Bucal; Dente Canino.ReferênciasTeruhisa U, Murakami J, Hitasomi M, Yanagi Y, Asaumi J. A case of unerupted lower primary second molar associated with compound odontoma. Open Dent J. 2009;3:173-76.Ladeinde AL, Ajayi OF, Ogunlewe MO, Adeyemo WL, Arotiba GT, Bamgbose BO et al. Odontogenic tumors: a review of 319 cases in a Nigerian teaching hospital. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2005;99(2):191-95.Hidalgo-Sánchez O, Leco-Berrocal MI, Martínez-Gonzáles JM. Metaanalysis of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of odontomas. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2008;13(11):730-34.Pires LD, Krüger MLB, Viana ES, Kramer PF, Ferreira SL. Odontoma: estado da arte e relato de caso clínico. Stomatos. 2007;13(24):21-9.Chang JY, Wang JT, Wang YP, Liu BY, Sun A, Chiang CP. Odontoma: a clinicopathologic study of 81 cases. J Formos Med Assoc. 2003;102(12):876-82.Hisatomi M, Asaumi JI, Konouchi H, Honda Y, Wakasa T, Kishi K. A case of complex odontoma associated with an impacted lower deciduous second molar and analysis of the 107 odontomas. Oral Dis. 2002;8(2):100-5.Sheehy EC, Odell EW, Al-Jaddir G. Odontomas in the primary dentition: literature review and case report. J Dent Child (Chic). 2004;71(1):73-6.Sasaki PS, Biancalana H, Duarte DA. Odontoma em pacientes odontopediátricos: repercussöes clínicas e proposiçäo de tratamento Rev Assoc Paul Cir Dent. 2002;56(5):382-86.Serra-Serra G, Berini-Aytés L, Gay-Escoda C. Erupted odontomas: a report of three cases and review of the literature. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2009;14(6):299-303.Cardoso LC, Miyahara GI, Magro Filho O, Garcia Junior IR, Soubhia AMP. Odontoma combinado associado a dentes não-irrompidos: relato de casos clínicos. Rev Odontol Araçatuba. 2003;24:47-51.Lukes SM, Wachter KM. Compound odontoma: a case study. J Dent Hyg. 2003;77(1):47-9.Chrcanovic RB, Jaeger F, Freire-Maya B. Two-stage surgical removal of large complex odontoma. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2010;14(4):247-52.

scholarly journals Risk factors and molecular entities of the etiopathogenesis of the knee osteoarthritis (literature review)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
V.B. Novakov ◽  
◽  
O.N. Novakova ◽  
M.I. Churnosov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Knee Osteoarthritis ◽  
Subchondral Bone ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bibliographic Databases ◽  
Joint Involvement ◽  
Knee Oa

Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogenic group of disorders of different etiology with similar biological, morphological and clinical manifestations and outcomes. OA is now considered a disease of the whole joint, including alterations in the articular cartilage, subchondral bone, synovial membrane, ligaments, capsule and periarticular muscles. OA of the knee as the most commonly affected joint accounts for the great medical, medical, social and economic impact. Material and methods A literature review assessing Russian and foreign studies on molecular mechanisms of etiology and pathogenesis of knee OA identified a set of factors for which there was consistent evidence for their association with onset of knee OA. A search of studies published in Russian and in English for the last ten years was conducted using bibliographic databases, including PubMed, PubMedCentral, GoogleScholar, eLIBRARY. Search terms included 'knee osteoarthritis', 'etiology', 'pathogenesis', 'risk factors'. Results Review of the literature showed that patients with knee OA are characterized by changes in cartilage, subchondral bone, synovium, suggesting common mechanisms of joint degeneration during OA development. Osteoarthritis (OA) is multifactorial in origin and closely associated with a wide spectrum of local (previous injury, muscle weakness, knee malalignment, knee surgeries, abnormal mechanical loading, excessive high impact sports, occupational physical activities) and systemic risk factors (advanced age, female sex, height, greater body mass index and obesity, hormone status, family history, mineral bone density, vitamin D deficiency, ethnicity). The prevalence of the knee OA and patterns of joint involvement vary among different racial and ethnic groups. Conclusion The literature review allowed us to identify the molecular mechanisms of etiopathogenesis of knee OA and the major risk factors for the pathology.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Emerging Nosocomial Wickerhamomyces anomalus Infections at a Chinese Tertiary Teaching Hospital and a Systemic Review: Clinical Manifestations, Risk Factors, Treatment, Outcomes, and Anti-fungal Susceptibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Meng Xiao ◽  
Amir Arastehfar ◽  
Macit Ilkit ◽  
Jun Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Wickerhamomyces Anomalus ◽  
Tertiary Teaching

Wickerhamomyces anomalus is an emerging pathogen, which has been associated with clonal outbreaks and poor clinical outcomes. Despite being an important emerging yeasts species, our understanding concerning the microbiological and clinical characteristics of infections due to this species is limited. Herein, we are reporting a retrospective analysis of fungemia patients with W. anomalus from a 2,100-bed hospital in Shanghai during 2014–2016. Moreover, we conducted an extensive literature review to gain a deeper clinical and microbiological insights. Detailed clinical data were recorded. Antifungal susceptibility testing (AFST) followed CLSI M27-A3, and isolates were identified using MALDI-TOF MS. In total, 13 patients were identified with a mortality rate of 38.5% (5/13). Central venous catheter (CVC), broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), surgery, and mechanical ventilation were the most frequently observed risk factors. Eight patients (61.5%) experienced mixed bacterial/Candida bloodstream infections, and four patients developed mixed candidemia (MC). W. anomalus isolates showed high minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) against all azoles tested and flucytosine, while AMB showed the highest in vitro activity. Azoles were used for 84.6% (11/13) of the cases, while 36.4% (4/11) of them died. When combining with the AFST data and the literature review, our study highlights the poor efficacy of azoles and optimal efficacy of AMB and LAMB against infections caused by W. anomalus. In conclusion, our study highlights the emerging threat of W. anomalus affecting both neonates and adults. Furthermore, our results advocate the use of AMB formulations rather than azoles among patients infected with W. anomalus. Future studies are warranted to reach a definitive consensus regarding the utility of echinocandins among such patients.

scholarly journals Stroke in a patient with tuberculous meningitis and HIV infection

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e2013017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Bruna Pasticci ◽  
Maurizio Paciaroni ◽  
Piero Floridi ◽  
Enisia Cecchini ◽  
Franco Baldelli
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Tuberculous Meningitis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Caucasian Female ◽  
Meningeal Tuberculosis

Abstract. Tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is a devastating disease. TBM occurs more commonly in HIV infected patients. The influence of HIV co-infection on clinical manifestations and outcome of TBM is not well defined. Yet, some differences have been observed and stroke has been recorded to occur more frequently. This study reports on an HIV infected Caucasian female with lung, meningeal tuberculosis and stroke due to a cortical sub-cortical ischemic lesion.TBM was documented in the absence of neurologic symptoms. At the same time, miliary lung TB caused by multi-susceptible Mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed. Anti-TB therapy consisting of a combination of four drugs was administered. The patient improved and was discharged five weeks later. In conclusion, TBM and multiple underling pathologies including HIV infection, as well as other risk factors can lead to a greater risk of stroke. Moreover, drug interactions and their side effects add levels of complexity. TBM must be included in the differential diagnosis of HIV infected patients with stroke and TBM treatment needs be started as soon as possible before the onset of vasculopathy.

Differential Diagnosis Based on Age. Diagnostic Difficulties

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S473-S473
Author(s):  
S. Rodrígue Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Diagnostic Hypothesis ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionFollowing a case presented in our inpatient unit as well as various interdepartmental from internal medicine and other emergencies, we decided to conduct a literature review on the different organic causes that can trigger the onset of psychotic symptoms in elderly.ObjectivesA correct differential diagnosis of psychiatric symptoms in elderly.AimsLiterature review of the literature on the presentation of psychotic symptoms in the elderly.MethodsDescription of a clinical case and development of diagnostic hypotheses.Results and conclusionsFor several decades are experiencing a gradual aging of the population, which means that we are at the onset of clinical symptoms not described by classical authors. Furthermore, scientific advances make infectious causes (such as neurosyphilis was our first diagnostic hypothesis) are increasingly rare. The elderly usually has multiple comorbidities, which are receiving various treatments that must be ruled out possible adverse effects.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Keratosis Lichenoides Chronica – a Case Report and Literature Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 120-137
Author(s):  
Mirjana Paravina ◽  
Predrag Cvetanović ◽  
Miloš Kostov ◽  
Slađana Živković ◽  
Ivana Dimovski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Case Report ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Rare Disease ◽  
Clinical Picture ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Distinct Entity

Abstract Keratosis lichenoides chronica represents a distinct entity, a rare disease of unknown etiology and pathogenesis, with clinical manifestations which, although typical, require extensive differential diagnosis. The course of the disease is chronic, progressive, and it is resistant to various treatment options, so despite variations in the clinical picture it is really easier to diagnose than to treat. This is a case report of a male patient in whom the diagnosis of keratosis lichenoides chronica was based on typical clinical picture, repeated biopsies and histopathological findings, course of the disease and poor response to any therapy.

scholarly journals Сutaneous Vasculitis: Classification, Diagnosis and Differential Diagnosis (Part 2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 96 (2) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Vladislav R. Khairutdinov ◽  
Irena E. Belousova ◽  
Aleksey V. Samtsov
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Skin Rash ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Symptomatic Therapy ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithms ◽  
Organ Specific ◽  
Modern Treatment

This article is a continuation of the literature review on skin vasculitis. In the first part, information was presented on the current nomenclature and prevalence of vasculitis, pathomorphological changes in the skin, as well as diagnostic algorithms for examining patients with this pathology are reflected. The second part of the article contains a detailed description of the elements of the skin rash with systemic and organ-specific vasculitis, presents the clinical manifestations observed with damage to other organs and systems, the development of possible complications. The data on modern treatment tactics are summarized, modern approaches using pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy of patients with various vasculitis are reflected.

scholarly journals Spinal and sacroiliac gouty arthritis: report of a case and review of the literature

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
pp. 204798161454926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Nassar Cardoso ◽  
Patrick Omoumi ◽  
Gregoire Wieers ◽  
Baudouin Maldague ◽  
Jacques Malghem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Gouty Arthritis ◽  
Conventional Radiography ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Uncommon Case

In this case report, we describe an “uncommon” case of axial gouty arthropathy in a 69-year-old woman with bilateral sciatica that was thoroughly evaluated with conventional radiography, CT scan, magnetic resonance imaging, bone scintigraphy, and PET-CT. Axial gouty arthropathy should be included in the differential diagnosis of chronic low back pain, mainly when several risk factors for gout are present.

scholarly journals Multiple meningiomas

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
Ana Carla Mondek Rampazzo ◽  
Rafael Rodrigues Pinheiro dos Santos ◽  
José Ângelo Favoreto Guarnieri ◽  
Franciele Fazoli ◽  
Sandrieli Afornali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
Olfactory Groove ◽  
Multiple Meningiomas ◽  
General Aspects

Multiple meningiomas are rare conditions that refer to the presentation of two or more meningiomas, simultaneous or not, without the association of neurofibromatosis. We report a case of a 83-year-old woman with a clinical presentation of loss of right visual acuity. After imaging exams, she was diagnosed with three meningiomas, located in the olfactory groove, left temporal-parietal convexity and parasagittal. In addition, a comprehensive review of the literature on pathophysiology, histology, risk factors, clinical presentation, and treatment of multiple meningiomas was carried out, in order to highlight the peculiarities of this condition and to associate it with our reported case. Therefore, this article made it possible to compare the characteristics presented in this patient with general aspects of the conditions reported in the literature review.

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