Influence of Inner Surface Reflection Characteristics on Inflatable Sphere Temperature in Space

電腦學刊 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Fu-Bing Li Fu-Bing Li ◽  
Jun-Min Leng Fu-Bing Li ◽  
Xiao-Jian Xu Jun-Min Leng
Keyword(s):  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Reflection Characteristics

Minimum forebody drag in hypersonic continuum and rarefied flows

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (1108) ◽  
pp. 369-374 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pike
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Flow ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Free Molecular Flow ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Rarefied Flows ◽  
Minimum Drag ◽  
Impact Theory ◽  
Density Flow ◽  
Reflection Characteristics

Abstract Minimum drag shapes of given length and base area are investigated for hypersonic flow using both Newtonian impact theory and free molecular flow theory. The drag of Newton’s minimum drag body, which has previously been evaluated by numerical means, is derived as an analytic expression. The analytical results are applicable to a range of local pressure laws allowing minimum drag shapes obtained using impact theory to be directly compared with low density flow equivalents using free molecular flow. The low density shapes are found to have larger blunt regions at the nose and significantly larger drag coefficients. For free molecular flow the drag varies with the surface reflection characteristics. As the fraction of diffuse reflection at the surface increases, the drag increases and the sensitivity of the drag to changes in the minimum drag shape is reduced.

An Accurate Illumination Model of Machined Surface Based on Micro-Image

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (03) ◽  
pp. 1955004
Author(s):  
Weichao Shi ◽  
Jianming Zheng ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Xubo Li ◽  
Qiannan An
Keyword(s):  
Simulated Annealing Algorithm ◽  
Sample Surface ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Machined Surface ◽  
Image Brightness ◽  
Simulation Accuracy ◽  
Surface Reflection ◽  
Illumination Model ◽  
Distribution Rule ◽  
Reflection Characteristics

This paper focused on the illumination model of machined surface based on micro-image. According to micro-image forming condition, the theory that the image brightness is related to the microfacet topography and surface reflection characteristics is presented. The distribution rule of micro-topography and reflection characteristics of sample surface is analyzed according to the measured data. An illumination mode of machined surface is established based on the analysis result, and the model parameters are obtained by using the simulated annealing algorithm. Verification results show that this proposed model can improve the simulation accuracy significantly and describe the lighting effect of machined surface. The research will provide a new idea and method for the 3D reconstruction.

A SEM and Light Microscope Study of the Epidermal Leaf Structures of the Carnivorous Plant, Sarracenia purpurea, L.

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 358-359
Author(s):  
B. J. Panessa ◽  
J. F. Gennaro
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Toluidine Blue ◽  
Outer Surface ◽  
Microscope Study ◽  
Light Microscope ◽  
Carnivorous Plant ◽  
Sarracenia Purpurea ◽  
Inner Surface

Tissue from the hood and sarcophagus regions were fixed in 6% glutaraldehyde in 1 M.cacodylate buffer and washed in buffer. Tissue for SEM was partially dried, attached to aluminium targets with silver conducting paint, carbon-gold coated(100-500Å), and examined in a Kent Cambridge Stereoscan S4. Tissue for the light microscope was post fixed in 1% aqueous OsO4, dehydrated in acetone (4°C), embedded in Epon 812 and sectioned at ½u on a Sorvall MT 2 ultramicrotome. Cross and longitudinal sections were cut and stained with PAS, 0.5% toluidine blue and 1% azure II-methylene blue. Measurements were made from both SEM and Light micrographs.The tissue had two structurally distinct surfaces, an outer surface with small (225-500 µ) pubescent hairs (12/mm2), numerous stoma (77/mm2), and nectar glands(8/mm2); and an inner surface with large (784-1000 µ)stiff hairs(4/mm2), fewer stoma (46/mm2) and larger, more complex glands(16/mm2), presumably of a digestive nature.

Gastric Ulcers Produced by Cisplatin

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 582-583
Author(s):  
S.K. Aggarwal ◽  
J. San Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Antitumor Agent ◽  
Gastric Ulcers ◽  
Enzyme Cytochemistry ◽  
Intestinal Toxicity ◽  
Ovarian Cancers ◽  
Inner Surface

Cisplatin (cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II)) a potent antitumor agent is now available for the treatment of testicular and ovarian cancers. It is however, not free from its serious side effects including nephrotoxicity, gastro intestinal toxicity, myelosuppression, and ototoxicity. Here we now report that the drug produces peculiar bloating of the stomach in rats and induces acute ulceration.Wistar-derived rats weighing 200-250 g were administered cisplatin(9 mg/kg) ip as a single dose in 0.15 M NaCl. After 3 days the animals were sacrificed by decapitation. The stomachs were removed, the contents analyzed for pepsin and acidity. The inner surface was examined with a dissecting microscope after a moderate stretching for ulcers. Affected areas were fixed and processed for routine electron microscopy and enzyme cytochemistry.The drug treated animals kept on food and water consistently showed bloating and lesions (Fig. 1) with a frequency of 6-70 ulcers in the rumen section of the stomachs.

Probabilistic evaluation of detection capability of eddy current testing to inspect pitting on a stainless steel clad using multiple signal features

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Takuma Tomizawa ◽  
Haicheng Song ◽  
Noritaka Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Eddy Current ◽  
Pressure Vessels ◽  
Eddy Current Testing ◽  
Probability Of Detection ◽  
Current Testing ◽  
Multiple Signal ◽  
Signal Features ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Drill Holes

This study proposes a probability of detection (POD) model to quantitatively evaluate the capability of eddy current testing to detect flaws on the inner surface of pressure vessels cladded by stainless steel and in the presence of high noise level. Welded plate samples with drill holes were prepared to simulate corrosion that typically appears on the inner surface of large-scale pressure vessels. The signals generated by the drill holes and the noise caused by the weld were examined using eddy current testing. A hit/miss-based POD model with multiple flaw parameters and multiple signal features was proposed to analyze the measured signals. It is shown that the proposed model is able to more reasonably characterize the detectability of eddy current signals compared to conventional models that consider a single signal feature.

Intensification of Open Gutters Operation

2020 ◽  
pp. 66-70
Keyword(s):  
Water Flow ◽  
Vortex Formation ◽  
Hydraulic Testing ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Bottom Surface ◽  
Artificial Roughness ◽  
Transport Capacity ◽  
Corrugated Surfaces ◽  
Inner Surface ◽  
Dispersed Inclusions

The intensification of the work of open gutter by applying textured shells to their bottom surface, forming an artificial roughness, is considered. It is shown that the presence of corrugated surfaces contributes to vortex formation during water flow and improves the separation and transportation of mineral impurities previously dropped into the bottom of the gutters. The implementation of operations to improve the structure of the gutters is possible during the repair and restoration works with the use of modern polymer materials. The design of a small-sized hydraulic stand, which makes it possible to study the transport capacity of flows containing solid inclusions, is presented. The method of research is hydraulic testing, accompanied by the use of chiaroscuro effect, as well as photo and film equipment. The optimal structure of the inner surface of the gutters and pipes providing vortex formation, which will improve the ability of the flow to carry out and transport foreign dispersed inclusions (sand) of different granulometric compositions, is determined.

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