Hemostatic abnormalities in dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia

2001 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 220-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
JC Scott-Moncrieff ◽  
NG Treadwell ◽  
SM McCullough ◽  
MB Brooks
Keyword(s):  
Hemolytic Anemia ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Population Mortality ◽  
D Dimer

Hemostatic parameters were prospectively measured in 20 dogs with primary immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Eight of 20 dogs had received prior treatment with prednisone. Activated partial thromboplastin time was increased in nine dogs; one-stage prothrombin time was increased in two dogs; fibrinogen concentration was increased in 17 dogs; and antithrombin activity was decreased in 10 dogs. Fibrin(ogen) degradation products concentration was increased in 12 dogs, and D-dimer concentration was increased in 16 dogs. Four or more laboratory criteria of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) were present in nine dogs, and three criteria of DIC were found in four additional dogs. Thromboembolism was the most common finding in the dogs that died. In this study population, mortality was not significantly associated with any clinical finding or laboratory variable.

Effect of Urinary Protein C Inhibitor on Lipopolysaccharide-induced Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation in Rats

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (07) ◽  
pp. 54-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wakako Izutani ◽  
Yoshikazu Komurasaki ◽  
Mitsugu Fujita
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Protein C Inhibitor ◽  
Chemotactic Factors

SummaryThe effect of urinary protein C inhibitor (uPCI) on disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) was investigated using an experimental DIC in rats. uPCI (0.5 and 1.0 mg/kg) was continuously administrated into the left femoral vein of the rats with lipopolysaccharide (50 mg/kg)-induced DIC. In all doses, uPCI significantly prevented the drastic changes in the parameters such as fibrinogen concentration, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) level, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) level and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) level. Furthermore, uPCI significantly inhibited the increase in the levels of plasma kallikrein and thrombin which act not only as the procoagulant proteases but also as the chemotactic factors to neutrophils and monocytes. These results show that uPCI may prevent hypercoagulation, the induction of secondary fibrinolysis and organ failure in the DIC model. Therefore, uPCI may be a useful agent for the clinical treatment of DIC.

False-Positive D-Dimer Result in a Patient With Castleman Disease

2004 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 328-331
Author(s):  
Kimberly Mugler ◽  
Jerry B. Lefkowitz
Keyword(s):  
Western Blot ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
False Positive ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Castleman Disease ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract In suspected cases of disseminated intravascular coagulation, concurrent elevation of both fibrin(ogen) degradation products (FDPs) and D-dimer levels aids in confirming the diagnosis. This pattern of results reflects the action of plasmin proteolysis of cross-linked fibrin polymers as well as fibrinogen. We report the case of a patient with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and Castleman disease who presented with a high-positive D-dimer level and a negative FDP level in the course of a workup for disseminated intravascular coagulation. This finding suggested the possibility of either a false-positive D-dimer or a false-negative FDP level. To investigate the former, a Western blot was performed on the patient's serum to determine the presence of the D-dimer. No D-dimer band was visualized on the Western blot, confirming the false-positive nature of the D-dimer result. Insufficient quantity of patient serum, however, prevented further investigation into the etiology of this result. The false-positive D-dimer result is likely attributable to interference caused by the patient's Castleman disease–associated monoclonal gammopathy, a phenomenon that has been reported in other immunoassays. As the development of lymphoproliferative disorders is especially common within the HIV population, and hypergammaglobulinemia in Castleman disease is particularly common, clinicians should be aware of this phenomenon when the laboratory findings do not fit the clinical picture. Although it is rare, recognition of potential paraprotein interference in immunoassays will help avoid undertreatment or overtreatment of patients based on erroneous laboratory results.

scholarly journals D-dimer kit with a High FDP/D-Dimer Ratio is Useful for Diagnosing Thrombotic Diseases

2022 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 107602962110705
Author(s):  
Nozomi Ikeda ◽  
Hideo Wada ◽  
Yuhuko Ichikawa ◽  
Minoru Ezaki ◽  
Motoko Tanaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Peripheral Arterial ◽  
Thrombotic Diseases ◽  
D Dimer

Introduction Although D-dimer is a useful biomarker of thrombosis, there are many D-dimer kits, with high and low fibrinogen and fibrin degradation products (FDP)/ D-dimer ratios. Methods Plasma D-dimer levels were measured using three different kits in critically ill patients to examine the usefulness of such measurements for detecting the thrombotic diseases and determining the correlation with the FDP and FDP/D-dimer ratio. Results Although three D-dimer kits showed marked utility for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and peripheral arterial and venous thromboembolism (PAVTE), the D-dimer levels determined using the three kits varied among diseases. Indeed, one D-dimer kit showed a high FDP/D-dimer ratio, and another kit showed a low FDP/D-dimer ratio. D-dimer kit with low FDP/D-dimer ratio tended to have high cut-off values and low specificity for diagnosing DIC and PAVTE. In D-dimer kit with high FDP/D-dimer ratio, FDP/D-dimer ratios in patients with thrombosis was significantly higher than that in patients without thrombosis. Conclusion All three D-dimer kits show utility for detecting thrombotic diseases. However, the D-dimer levels determined using the kits varied due to differences in the FDP/D-dimer ratio. In combination with the FDP level, a D-dimer kit with a high FDP/D-dimer ratio may be useful.

scholarly journals Disseminated intravascular coagulation in dogs with gastric dilatation-volvulus syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 58 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 587-590 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Uhrikova ◽  
K. Machackova ◽  
L. Rauserova-Lexmaulova ◽  
K. Rehakova ◽  
J. Doubek
Keyword(s):  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Gastric Dilatation ◽  
Fibrinogen Degradation Products ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Fibrinolytic Parameters

Gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome is associated with changes in haemostatic profiles. The aims of this study were to compare selected haemostatic and fibrinolytic parameters between healthy dogs and dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, estimate the incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and determine the most sensitive test for detection of DIC in these patients. Blood was collected from 22 dogs with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, and nine healthy control dogs. Platelet counts, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen concentrations and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products were measured in all control dogs and patients with gastric dilatation and volvulus syndrome, before and after surgery. Significant differences between control dogs and patients were seen in activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products before surgery and all measured parameters after surgery. The incidence of DIC was 59%. The most sensitive tests for detection of DIC before surgery were those for activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products.

scholarly journals Hypercoagulation detected by routine and global laboratory hemostasis assays in patients with infective endocarditis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0261429
Author(s):  
Ekaterina M. Koltsova ◽  
Maria A. Sorokina ◽  
Alexandra S. Pisaryuk ◽  
Nikita M. Povalyaev ◽  
Anastasia A. Ignatova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infective Endocarditis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Coagulation System ◽  
Fibrinogen Concentration ◽  
Consumption Coagulopathy ◽  
Coagulation Assays ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Vegetation Formation

Background Coagulation system is heavily involved into the process of infective endocarditis (IE) vegetation formation and can facilitate further embolization. In this study we aimed to assess the coagulation and platelet state in IE implementing a wide range of standard and global laboratory assays. We also aim to determine whether prothrombotic genetic polymorphisms play any role in embolization and mortality in IE patients. Methods 37 patients with IE were enrolled into the study. Coagulation was assessed using standard coagulation assays (activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin, fibrinogen, D-dimer concentrations) and integral assays (thromboelastography (TEG) and thrombodynamics (TD)). Platelet functional activity was estimated by flow cytometry. Single nuclear polymorphisms of coagulation system genes were studied. Results Fibrinogen concentration and fibrinogen-dependent parameters of TEG and TD were increased in patients indicating systemic inflammation. In majority of patients clot growth rate in thrombodynamics was significantly shifted towards hypercoagulation in consistency with D-dimers elevation. However, in some patients prothrombin, thromboelastography and thrombodynamics were shifted towards hypocoagulation. Resting platelets were characterized by glycoprotein IIb-IIIa activation and degranulation. In patients with fatal IE, we observed a significant decrease in fibrinogen and thrombodynamics. In patients with embolism, we observed a significant decrease in the TEG R parameter. No association of embolism or mortality with genetic polymorphisms was found in our cohort. Conclusions Our findings suggest that coagulation in patients with infective endocarditis is characterized by general hypercoagulability and platelet pre-activation. Some patients, however, have hypocoagulant coagulation profile, which presumably can indicate progressing of hypercoagulation into consumption coagulopathy.

Measurement of soluble fibrin monomer-fibrinogen complex in plasmas derived from patients with various underlying clinical situations

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (05) ◽  
pp. 832-836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yumiko Kazahaya ◽  
Yuichi Shintani ◽  
Kensuke Yamazumi ◽  
Yutaka Eguchi ◽  
Shin Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Research Society ◽  
Distinct Entity ◽  
Soluble Fibrin ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Fibrin Monomer ◽  
D Dimer

SummaryWe previously reported a monoclonal antibody named IF-43 that specifically recognizes thrombin-modified fibrinogen (desAA- and desAABB- fibrin monomer) bound with fibrinogen or other D1 domain-containing plasmic fragments such as fragments X, Y, and D1, but not intact fibrinogen or cross-linked fibrin degradation products (XDP). Here, we tentatively named such complexes, soluble fibrin monomer (FM) -fibrinogen complex.By utilizing IF-43, we have developed a kit to measure soluble FM-fibrinogen complex and compared the profiles with those of two established molecular markers for thrombo-embolic disorders: i.e. the thrombin-antithrombin complex (TAT) and the D-dimer in plasma of patients who underwent surgery without any thrombo-embolic complications. The result indicated that soluble FM-fibrinogen complex is a distinct entity from the two established molecular markers. We have also attempted to observe their profiles in patients with the disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome (DIC). Although the profiles of soluble FM-fibrinogen complex in individual patients appeared to vary from one patient to the other, the plasma level of soluble FM-fibrinogen complex was found to be increased at the initial phase of disseminated intravascular coagulation syndrome. Thus, the soluble FM-fibrinogen complex may serve as an independent molecular marker for the detection of thrombin generation and the diagnosis of thrombosis. The soluble FM-fibrinogen complex may also serve as a risk factor for thrombosis, because it may precipitate as insoluble complexes beyond its threshold in plasma, or when it is modified by thrombin.Part of this paper was originally presented at the 17th International Fibrinogen Workshop of the International Fibrinogen Research Society (IFRS) held in Munich, Germany, September, 2002.

Infectious canine hepatitis: animal model for viral-induced disseminated intravascular coagulation

Blood ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
DH Wigton ◽  
GJ Kociba ◽  
EA Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Factor Viii Activity ◽  
Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Naturally Occurring

The objective of this study was to characterize the hemostatic defect in dogs with infectious canine hepatitis (ICH), a naturally occurring viral disease of dogs. Five littermate dogs were inoculated with 10(3) TCID50 of ICH virus intravenously. Two littermates were controls. The clinicopathologic manifestations of ICH were fever, depression, anorexia, hematemesis, melena, widespread mucocutaneous petechiae, prolonged bleeding from venipunctures, faceial edema, leukopenia, and proteinuria. The hemostatic defect of ICH was characterized by thrombocytopenia, abnormal platelet function, prolonged one-stage prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time, normal thrombin times, depressed factor VIII activity, and increased fibrin- fibrinogen degradation products. These findings suggested that the central pathologic mechanism of the abnormal hemostasis in ICH was disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). ICH is an example of DIC induced by viral infection. This disease is a suitable model for investigation of the detection, pathogenesis, and therapy of DIC.

scholarly journals Implications of Blood Coagulation and Fibrinolytic Disorders in Severe Endometritis-Pyometra Complex in Bitches

2012 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 293-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justyna Radwińska ◽  
Anna Domosławska ◽  
Andrzej Pomianowski ◽  
Katarzyna Żarczyńska ◽  
Andrzej Jurczak
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Blood Coagulation ◽  
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation ◽  
Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Coagulation Parameters ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Twenty bitches with acute endometritis-pyometra complex (EPC) and 20 clinically healthy bitches were examined. The following coagulation parameters were determined in haemostatic evaluations: prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombin time (TT), fibrinogen concentrations (FBG), D-dimer concentrations (D-D), antithrombin activity (AT), and blood platelet counts (PLT). Morphological and biochemical blood parameters were also analysed. Examinations of animals affected by EPC revealed blood coagulation and fibrinolytic disorders, and the noted results (PT 13.7 ±1.06 s, aPTT 23.4 ±1.04 s, TT 15.6 ±0.68 s, FBG 2.2 g/L, D-D 785.4 ±103.05 μg/L, AT 111.1 ±13.51%, PLT 169.30 ±126.31 103/μL) point to a high risk of disseminated intravascular coagulation. The findings indicate that the coagulation parameters of bitches affected by EPC should be analysed before treatment as the noted disorder can significantly complicate therapy and ovariohysterectomy, and endanger the patients' life.

Coagulopathy in COVID-19 infection

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
С.И. Кузнецов ◽  
Е.А. Шестаков ◽  
Е.Б. Жибурт
Keyword(s):  
Degradation Products ◽  
Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽  
Low Molecular Weight ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Low Molecular Weight Heparins ◽  
Passive Immunotherapy ◽  
Fibrin Degradation Products ◽  
Pharmacological Thromboprophylaxis ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Donor Plasma

Введение. Известно о коагулопатиях при инфекциях коронавирусами SARS и MERS. Цель исследования: изучить накопленную информацию о коагулопатии при инфекции COVID-19. Материалы и методы. В библиотеке PubMed провели поиск по ключевым словам «COVID-19», «coagulopathy». Обнаружили 15 публикаций, содержащих результаты оригинальных исследований. Результаты. При тяжелом течении заболевания наблюдают цитокиновый шторм, более высокие уровни Д-димера и продуктов деградации фибрина (ПДФ), более длительное протромбиновое время и активированное частичное тромбопластиновое время. Данные о частоте развития синдрома диссеминированного внутрисосудистого свертывания противоречивы. Заключение. У пациентов с COVID-19 с острой дыхательной недостаточностью наблюдается выраженная гиперкоагуляция. Всем госпитализированным пациентам с COVID-19 рекомендована фармакологическая тромбопрофилактика низкомолекулярными гепаринами или фондапаринуксом. Донорскую плазму для пассивной иммунотерапии нужно переливать только в рамках клинических исследований. Background. Coagulopathies are known for infections with SARS and MERS coronaviruses. Objectives: the reviewing the early accumulated information on coagulopathy in COVID-19. Patients / Methods. In PubMed Library with the keywords «COVID-19», «coagulopathy» we selected 15 publications containing the results of original studies. Results. In severe cases of the disease, a cytokine storm is observed, higher levels of D-dimer and fibrin degradation products (FDP), longer prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. Data about incidence of disseminated intravascular coagulation are contradictory. Conclusions. Patients with COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure exhibit severe hypercoagulation. Pharmacological thromboprophylaxis with low molecular weight heparins or fondaparinux is recommended for all hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Donor plasma for passive immunotherapy should be transfused only as part of clinical trials.

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