scholarly journals Differentiating clinical examinations of Parkinson’s and parkisonisms

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Cristina Poscai Ribeiro ◽  
Everton Lopes Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ocular Motility ◽  
Clinical Tests ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Multiple Systems Atrophy ◽  
Romberg Test

Introduction: The main symptoms of Parkinson are: tremors, movement resistance, postural instability and bradykinesia. However, other diseases such as Progressive Supranuclear Paralysis, Multiple System Atrophy and Corticobasal Degeneration have similar symptoms. This similarity generates a difficulty of diagnosis, for example, Corticobasal Degeneration is often diagnosed by autopsy. Objectives: To define the differentiating symptoms of Parkinson and the diseases mentioned and to find clinical tests that could aid in the diagnosis. Methodology: The integrative review utilized Scielo and Pubmed databases and the selected clinical examinations were obtained by the book Exame Clinico - 8° edition. Results: Multiple Systems Atrophy is distinguished from Parkinson by occurrence of cerebelar abnormalities, therefore Romberg Test can evidence modified coordination, which may be indicative of Multiple System Atrophy. Corticobasal Degeneration causes loss of ability to identify things by touch and impaired sensitivity on one side of the body, thereby the verification of stereognosia and the examination of superficial sensitivity are useful. Supranuclear Paralysis Progressive generates difficulty of performing vertical movements, thus the examination of ocular motility is necessary. Conclusion: Only clinical examinations aren’t sufficient to generate an accurate diagnosis and complementary exams are necessary for greater precision. However, knowledge about differentiating clinical examinations helps to generate a line of reasoning and examinations to be requested.

Movement Disorders 2: Parkinson’s Plus and Degenerative Diseases (DRAFT)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamara Kaplan ◽  
Tracey Milligan
Keyword(s):  
Huntington's Disease ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Dementia With Lewy Bodies ◽  
Wilson’S Disease ◽  
Lewy Bodies ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Degenerative Diseases ◽  
Multiple Systems ◽  
Multiple Systems Atrophy

The video in this chapter explores movement disorders, and focuses on Parkinson’s Plus and degenerative diseases. It outlines the features and pathology of dementia with lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple systems atrophy (MSA) and corticobasal degeneration (CBD), as well as genetic movement disorders, Wilson’s disease, and Huntington’s disease.

scholarly journals Cerebrospinal Fluid α-Synuclein Species in Cognitive and Movements Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Vasilios C. Constantinides ◽  
Nour K. Majbour ◽  
George P. Paraskevas ◽  
Ilham Abdi ◽  
Bared Safieh-Garabedian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Frontotemporal Degeneration ◽  
Blood Contamination ◽  
Dementia Patients ◽  
Specificity And Sensitivity

Total CSF α-synuclein (t-α-syn), phosphorylated α-syn (pS129-α-syn) and α-syn oligomers (o-α-syn) have been studied as candidate biomarkers for synucleinopathies, with suboptimal specificity and sensitivity in the differentiation from healthy controls. Studies of α-syn species in patients with other underlying pathologies are lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate possible alterations in CSF α-syn species in a cohort of patients with diverse underlying pathologies. A total of 135 patients were included, comprising Parkinson’s disease (PD; n = 13), multiple system atrophy (MSA; n = 9), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP; n = 13), corticobasal degeneration (CBD; n = 9), Alzheimer’s disease (AD; n = 51), frontotemporal degeneration (FTD; n = 26) and vascular dementia patients (VD; n = 14). PD patients exhibited higher pS129-α-syn/α-syn ratios compared to FTD (p = 0.045), after exclusion of samples with CSF blood contamination. When comparing movement disorders (i.e., MSA vs. PD vs. PSP vs. CBD), MSA patients had lower α-syn levels compared to CBD (p = 0.024). Patients with a synucleinopathy (PD and MSA) exhibited lower t-α-syn levels (p = 0.002; cut-off value: ≤865 pg/mL; sensitivity: 95%, specificity: 69%) and higher pS129-/t-α-syn ratios (p = 0.020; cut-off value: ≥0.122; sensitivity: 71%, specificity: 77%) compared to patients with tauopathies (PSP and CBD). There are no significant α-syn species alterations in non-synucleinopathies.

scholarly journals Shape Profile of Corpus Callosum As a Signature to Phenotype Different Dementia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya Mangalore ◽  
Shiva Shanker Reddy Mukku ◽  
Sriharish Vankayalapati ◽  
Palanimuthu Thangaraju Sivakumar ◽  
Mathew Varghese
Keyword(s):  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Corticobasal Degeneration ◽  
Lewy Body Dementia ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cortical Atrophy ◽  
Alzheimer Dementia ◽  
Geriatric Clinic ◽  
Cortical Regions

Abstract Background Phenotyping dementia is always a complex task for a clinician. There is a need for more practical biomarkers to aid clinicians. Objective The aim of the study is to investigate the shape profile of corpus callosum (CC) in different phenotypes of dementia. Materials and Methods Our study included patients who underwent neuroimaging in our facility as a part of clinical evaluation for dementia referred from Geriatric Clinic (2017–2018). We have analyzed the shape of CC and interpreted the finding using a seven-segment division. Results The sample included MPRAGE images of Alzheimer’ dementia (AD) (n = 24), posterior cortical atrophy- Alzheimer’ dementia (PCA-AD) (n = 7), behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (Bv-FTD) (n = 17), semantic variant frontotemporal dementia (Sv-FTD) (n = 11), progressive nonfluent aphasia (PNFA) (n = 4), Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD) (n = 5), diffuse Lewy body dementia (n = 7), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) (n = 3), and corticobasal degeneration (CBD) (n = 3). We found in posterior dementias such as AD and PCA-AD that there was predominant atrophy of splenium of CC. In Bv-FTD, the genu and anterior half of the body of CC was atrophied, whereas in PNFA, PSP, PDD, and CBD there was atrophy of the body of CC giving a dumbbell like profile. Conclusion Our study findings were in agreement with the anatomical cortical regions involved in different phenotypes of dementia. Our preliminary study highlighted potential usefulness of CC in the clinical setting for phenotyping dementia in addition to clinical history and robust biomarkers.

scholarly journals Informative Indicators of Functional and Motor Fitness of Students of Higher Education Institutions

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-115
Author(s):  
S. Chernenko ◽  
O. Honcharenko ◽  
S. Marchenko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
The Body ◽  
Functional Fitness ◽  
Index Method ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Motor Fitness ◽  
Heart Performance ◽  
Romberg Test

The study objective was to determine informative indicators of functional and motor fitness of 1st-5th year students. Materials and methods. The study involved male students of 1st year (n = 67), 2nd year (n = 66), 3rd year (n = 62), 4th year (n = 45), 5th year (n = 56). The following research methods were used to solve the tasks set: analysis of scientific literature, pedagogical observation, pedagogical testing; index method and medical-biological methods. Pedagogical methods were used to study the peculiarities of functional state of the body and motor abilities of 1st-5th year students of higher education institutions; factor analysis was used for data processing. Results. By the Ruffier index, the 1st-2nd year students have an average heart performance. The 3rd-5th year students have a satisfactory heart performance. By the results of the Stange and Genci tests, the 1st-5th year students are evaluated as healthy and fit. According to the Romberg test, the 1st and 5th year students show higher results than the 2nd, 3rd and 4th year students (p < 0.001; p < 0.001; p < 0.006, respectively). The 3rd year students have the lowest results. The test results are estimated as lower than normal. Conclusions. The analysis of motor and functional fitness of the 1st-5th year students showed that the first factor in their structure is the functional state of the respiratory system, the second factor is speed strength and strength fitness. The most informative tests are: 1st year – the Stange test (0.822) and Genci test (0.741); 2nd year – the Genci test (0.758), the Ruffier index has the lowest informativity (0.11); 3rd year – “Standing long jump” (0.741) and the Genci test (0.723); 4th year – the Stange test (0.927) and Genci test (0.810); 5th year – the Stange test (0.799).

Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scintigraphy at various parts of the body in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideaki Matsui ◽  
Fukashi Udaka ◽  
Masaya Oda ◽  
Tamotsu Kubori ◽  
Kazuto Nishinaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Multiple System Atrophy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Mibg Scintigraphy

Head waving in Aplysia californica. I. Behavioural characterization of searching movements.

1994 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-51
Author(s):  
F M Kuenzi ◽  
T J Carew
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Aplysia Californica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Discrete Movements ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
Searching Behaviour ◽  
Neural Organization ◽  
Discrete Movement ◽  
The Individual

Searching is an important component of several types of goal-directed behaviour. In soft-bodied animals, searching behaviour can appear quite complex because the range of body movement is not constrained by joints, limbs or muscles with discrete areas of origin and insertion. In addition, animals exhibiting this type of behaviour utilize their maximum freedom of movement. In this paper, we describe the head-waving searching behaviour of the sea hare Aplysia californica by characterizing patterns of movements and the changes in body shape that underlie these movements. A bout of head waving consists of a series of discrete movements separated by pauses. Each discrete movement lasts 4-10s and is directed either horizontally or vertically with respect to stationary part of the animal. Large movements, such as bending from the extreme right to the extreme left, consist of a series of these shorter movements separated by pauses lasting 1-2s. In all head-waving movements, the transverse axis of the head is kept relatively parallel with the substratum. Thus, vertical movements require only bending of the body, whereas horizontal movements require twisting of the body, particularly when the posture is more erect. During head waving, the anterior two-thirds of the body is free to move, but most of the bending occurs immediately posterior to the head region. There is no periodicity of movements within a bout of head waving, although isolated instances of repeated movements are sometimes observed. Therefore, although the individual movements during head waving are relatively simple, the absence of a patterned sequence accounts for the complexity of the overall behaviour. These observations both constrain models of the neural organization of head waving and provide criteria for categorizing head-waving movements in further behavioural and physiological studies.

1⁄4 Car Model for Suspension Trim Corrector Performances Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 823 ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Adrian Ioan Niculescu
Keyword(s):  
Contact Force ◽  
Harmonic Functions ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vertical Acceleration ◽  
Vertical Movements ◽  
The Road ◽  
Quarter Car Model ◽  
Car Model ◽  
Quarter Car

The paper presents a complex quarter car model obtained with ADAMS software, View module, useful in the first stage of suspension dimensioning and optimization.The model is equipped with compression and rebound stopper buffer and suspension trim corrector.The proposed quarter car model with two degrees of freedom (wheel and body) performs all these goals allowing changing:Geometrical elementsPosition of equilibrium, depending on vehicle load;Trim correction;Elastic and dissipative characteristics of the suspension and tire;Suspension stroke;Road profile, assessed either by simple or summation of harmonic functions or reproducing real roadsBuffers (for stroke limitation) position and characteristics;The models developed provide information on:Vertical stability assessed by vertical movements of the body and the longitudinal and transversal stability evaluated based on adherence characterized by wheel ground contact force and frequency of soil detachment wheel.Comfort assessed on the basis of body vertical acceleration and collision forces to the stroke ends.The body-road clearanceThe trim corrector efficiencyAll above performances evaluated function the road unevenness, acceleration, deceleration, turning regime.The damping characteristic is defined by damping forces at different speed for each strokes respectively one for rebound and other for compression.The contact force road-wheel is defined based tire rigidity law.The stopper buffer forces on rebound and compression are defined based each specific rigidity characteristics.The road excitation is realized with a function generator.The software allow the model evolution visualisation in real time, also generating the diagrams of displacements, forces, accelerations, speeds, for each elements or for relative evolution between diverse elements.The simulation was realized for unloaded and fully loaded car using a road generated by a sum of harmonic functions presented in equation (8).The excitation covers the specific frequencies area, being under the body frequencies up to the wheel proper frequencies.The realized ¼ car model, have reached the goal to evaluate the suspension trim correction advantages.The simulations confirm the trim corrector increases the suspension performances, thus for the analyzed case the trim corrector increase simultaneous:Body-ground clearance (evaluated by body higher increasing) between 18.5÷55.1 %Body stability (evaluated by maximal body displacement) between 9.8÷11.4 %Body comfort (evaluated by maximal body acceleration) between 3.4÷35.5 %Adherence (evaluated by maximal and RMS wheel-groundcontact force variation) between 7.0÷12.1 %Body and axles protection (evaluated by buffer strike force) between 10.8÷38.2 %

Mantle cell lymphoma: a rare cause for a swollen palate

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. e238332
Author(s):  
Ayah Mohamed ◽  
Rachel Cowie ◽  
Dáire Shanahan
Keyword(s):  
Mantle Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Hard Palate ◽  
Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Medicine ◽  
Medicine Department ◽  
Mantle Cell ◽  
Dental Hospital

We describe the case of a 68-year-old woman who was referred to the Oral Medicine Department in the Bristol Dental Hospital in November 2018 regarding a mass in the hard palate. The patient was previously diagnosed with stage IV mantle cell lymphoma of the upper tarsal conjunctiva in December 2014. Further investigations revealed lymphomatous deposits in other sites throughout the body. This patient underwent six cycles of chemotherapy, followed by consolidation LACE autograph and maintenance rituximab. While mantle cell lymphoma very rarely presents on the hard palate, knowledge of its clinical features and differential diagnoses is imperative in its accurate diagnosis and appropriate management.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document