Correlation of Pao2/Fio2 Ratio with Spo2/Fio2 Ratio in Children on Mechanical Ventilation

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 3069-3071
Author(s):  
Zahra Ahmed ◽  
Farrah Naz ◽  
Afsheen Batool Raza ◽  
Afsheen Gul
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Simultaneous Recording ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Pediatric Icu

Background: Mechanical ventilation is frequently used in pediatric patients to ensure adequate gas exchange, improve respiratory distress, and to resolve pulmonary or other disorders. Monitoring of various parameters which are invasive, while patient is on mechanical ventilation it is fundamental to observe the progress of patient’s condition. We conducted this study to observe if PaO2/FiO2 and the ratio of SPO2 /FiO2 can be used interchangeably, we can have option for lesser invasive parameter. Aim: To determine the correlation of PaO2/FiO2 with SPO2 /FiO2 ratio in children on mechanical ventilation. Methods: A Cross-sectional study, Non-probability and purposive sampling. The study conducted at The Children’s hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore from 04-10-2017 to 03-06-2018. Informed consent was obtained. Arterial blood gas sampling for calculation of PaO2/FiO2 ratio and simultaneous recording of SPO2 for measurement of SPO2/FiO2 ratio was done. The data collected was analysed on S.P.S.S (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version 22. Results: In this study 30 patients on mechanical ventilation were enrolled with mean age of 58.55±5 months. There was male predominance. (M: F ratio 2:1). This study showed a strong positive correlation of the PaO2/FiO2 with SPO2/FiO2 that is r=0.603. Conclusion: According to our study noninvasive SpO2/FiO2 ratio (PFr) can reliably be used in place of PaO2/FiO2 ratio(SFr) in children on mechanical ventilation as a strong correlation was observed between them. The advantage is invasive arterial sampling can be replaced by non-invasive pulse oximetry for oxygen saturation. Key words: Mechanical Ventilation, Pediatric ICU, SPO2/FiO2, PaO2/FiO2

scholarly journals Investigation of Frequency of the Lethal Triad and Its 24 Hours Prognostic Value among Patients with Multiple Traumas

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 962-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iraj Goli Khatir ◽  
Farzad Bozorgi ◽  
Hesam Ghanbari ◽  
Fatemeh Jahanian ◽  
Mohsen Arabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Plan ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Lethal Triad ◽  
Multiple Traumas

BACKGROUND: Death in multiple trauma (MT) patients is one of the serious concerns of the medical service provider. Any prediction of the likelihood of death on the assessment of the patient's condition is performed using different variables, one of the tools in the triage of patients to determine their condition. AIM: We aimed to investigate the frequency and the predictive value of death in 24 hours triad of death in patients qualified with multiple traumas admitted to Imam Khomeini hospital. METHODS: This was a prospective cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and predictive value of 24-hour triad of death among patients with MT referred to an emergency department. Three factors including acidosis, hypothermia and coagulopathy and predictive value of 24-hour death were evaluated. Arterial blood gas, oral temperature and blood samples for coagulation factors were analysed. Data were analysed using SPSS version 19. Multivariate analysis (logistic regression) was used to determine the predictive value of the triad of death. RESULTS: A group of 199 MT patients referring to Imam Khomeini hospital during the first 6 months of 2015 were evaluated for the first 24 hours of admission. Logistic regression analysis showed that using the following formula based on the triad of death can predict death in 96% of cases can be based on the triad of a death foretold death upon admission to the emergency room. It should be noted that this prediction tool as 173 people left alive after 24 hours as live predicts (100% correct). CONCLUSION: The triad of death is one of the tools in the triage of patients to determine their condition and care plan to be used, provided valuable information to predict the prognosis of patients with a medical team.

scholarly journals Clinical and paraclinical predictive factors for in-hospital mortality in adult patients with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seyed Alireza Mousavi ◽  
Reyhaneh Sadat Mousavi-Roknabadi ◽  
Fateme Nemati ◽  
Somaye Pourteimoori ◽  
Arefeh Ghorbani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Non Invasive

Abstract Background Since December 2019, a type of coronavirus has emerged in Wuhan, China, which has become the focus of global attention due to an epidemic of pneumonia of unknown cause, called COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate the factors affecting in-hospital mortality of patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in one of the main hospital in central Iran. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study (February 2019-May 2020) was conducted on patients with confirmed diagnosis COVID-19, who were admitted in Yazd Shahid Sadoughi Hospital, in middle of Iran. The patients with uncompleted or missed medical files were excluded from the study. Data were extracted from the patients' medical files and then analyzed. The patients were categorized as survivors and non-survivors groups, and they were compared. Results Totally, 573 patients were enrolled, that 356 (62.2%) were male. The mean ± SD of age was 56.29 ± 17.53 years, and 93 (16.23%) were died. All the complications were more in non-survivors. Intensive care unit (ICU) admission was in 20.5% of the patients which was more in non-survivors (P < 0.001). The results of multivariate logistic regression test showed that plural effusion in lung computed tomography (CT) scan (OR = 0.055, P = 0.009), white blood cell (WBC) (OR = 1.417, P = 0.022), serum albumin (OR = 0.009, P < 0.001), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (OR = 34.315, P < 0.001), and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) (OR = 66.039, P = 0.001) were achieved as the predictive factors for in-hospital mortality were the predictive factors for in-hospital mortality. Conclusion In-hospital mortality in patients with COVID-19 was about 16%. Plural effusion in lung CT scan, WBC, albumin, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, and ARDS were obtained as the predictive factors for in-hospital mortality.

scholarly journals Neck circumference as an indicator of elevated central adiposity in children

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1755-1761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn Valencia-Sosa ◽  
Clío Chávez-Palencia ◽  
Enrique Romero-Velarde ◽  
Alfredo Larrosa-Haro ◽  
Edgar Manuel Vásquez-Garibay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neck Circumference ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Western Mexico ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Rural Settings

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to study the correlation between neck circumference (NC) and anthropometric adiposity indicators, and to determine cut-off points of NC for both sexes to identify elevated central adiposity in schoolchildren in western Mexico.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingRural settings in western México.ParticipantsChildren from a convenience sample of six schools in Acatlán, Jalisco, Mexico (n 1802).ResultsNC showed a strong positive correlation with all anthropometric adiposity indicators in both sexes, which were notably higher in boys regardless of age. Noteworthy, waist circumference displayed the highest significant correlation when analysed by both age and sex. As age increased, NC cut-off points to identify elevated central adiposity ranged from 25·7 to 30·1 cm for girls and from 27·5 to 31·7 cm for boys.ConclusionsNC could be used as a simple, inexpensive and non-invasive indicator for central obesity assessment in Mexican schoolchildren.

Prognostic factors in methanol poisoning

2007 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 583-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Hassanian-Moghaddam ◽  
A. Pajoumand ◽  
S.M. Dadgar ◽  
Sh. Shadnia
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Poison Center ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Time

The aim of this study was to assess the clinical and laboratory factors in methanol poisoned patients to determine the prognosis of their toxicity. This survey was done as a prospective cross-sectional study in methanol-poisoned patients in Loghman-Hakim hospital poison center during 9 months from October 1999—June 2000. During this time 25 methanol-poisoned patients were admitted. The mortality rate was 12 (48%). Amongst survivors, three (23%) of the patients developed blindness due to their poisoning and the other 10 (77%) fully recovered without any complication. The mortality rate in comatose patients was nine (90%) while in non-comatose patients it was three (20%) ( P < 0.001). There was a significant difference in mean pH in the first arterial blood gas of patients who subsequently died (6.82 ± 0.03) and survivors (7.15 ± 0.06) ( P < 0.001, M-W). The mean time interval between poisoning and ED presentation in deceased patients were (46 ± 15.7) hours, in survived with sequelae were (16.7 ± 6.7) and in survived without sequelae were (10.3 ± 7.2) hours ( P < 0.002, K-W). We found no significant difference between the survivors versus the patients who died regarding methanol. Simultaneous presence of ethanol and opium affected the outcome of the treatment for methanol intoxication favourably and unfavourably, respectively. In our study, poor prognosis was associated with pH < 7, coma on admission and >24 hours delay from intake to admission. Human & Experimental Toxicology (2007) 26: 583—586.

scholarly journals Outcome of ventilation in patients with hypercapnic respiratory failure in IPF patients: A prospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 111-115
Author(s):  
Manjunath Hunasenahalli Krishnappa ◽  
Prasanna Kumar Thimmarayappa ◽  
Vivek Nangia ◽  
Rajat Chatterji
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Diffuse Parenchymal Lung Disease ◽  
Gas Measurements

Background: Diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD) is the inflammation and fibrosis of lung interstitium, resulting in respiratory failure. The rate of hypoxic respiratory failure is high as the disease progresses. In idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients, acute deterioration leads to type 2 respiratory failure, etiology and management of which remains to be completely understood. Aims and Objectives: To identify the causes of type 2 respiratory failure and assess the outcome of invasive and non-invasive ventilation in patients with IPF. Materials and Methods: This prospective single center study included >18-year-old 44 patients with IPF. History of patients, complete blood count, chest radiograph, urine routine, spirometry with bronchodilator reversibility, DLCO (diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide) testing, arterial blood gas measurements, and antinuclear antibody (ANA) test were evaluated. Results: Fourteen (31.8%) patients developed type 2 respiratory failure (within 1.5–6 years from the time of onset of illness). Causes of respiratory failure included acute exacerbation of IPF (35.71%), infections (14.29%), heart failure (14.29%), ischemic heart disease (14.29%), pulmonary embolism (21.43%), pneumothorax (7.14%), and surgical lung biopsy (7.14%). Patients were initiated on non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) (64.29%) and invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) (35.71%). Eight (88.89%) out of 9 patients on NIV survived, whereas all 5 patients (100%) on IMV expired. Conclusion: Considering the higher mortality rate associated with IMV, NIV is a better technique than IMV for improving patient outcome and management. NIV may be effectively implemented for improving the treatment outcome in patients with IPF and avoiding any aggressive therapeutic approaches.

scholarly journals Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases with severe COVID-19 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21,773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natanael J Silva ◽  
Rita C Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Andrea JF Ferreira ◽  
Camila SS Teixeira ◽  
Aline S Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Elderly Inpatients

Objective: To investigate the combined association of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with severe COVID-19 outcomes in adult and elderly inpatients. Design: Cross-sectional study based on registry data from Brazil's influenza surveillance system. Setting: Public and private hospitals across Brazil. Participants: Eligible population included 21,942 inpatients aged 20 years or older with positive RT-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 until Jun 9th, 2020. Main outcome measures: Severe COVID-19 outcomes were non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation use, ICU admission, and death. Multivariate analyses were conducted separately for adults (20-59 years) and elders (>=60 years) to test the combined association of obesity (without and with DM and/or CVD) and degrees of obesity with each outcome. Results: A sample of 8,848 adults and 12,925 elders were included. Among adults, obesity with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence of invasive (PR 3.76, 95%CI 2.82-5.01) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation use (2.06, 1.58-2.69), ICU admission (1.60, 1.40-1.83), and death (1.79, 1.45-2.21) compared with the group without obesity, DM, and CVD. In elders, obesity alone (without DM and CVD) had the highest prevalence of ICU admission (1.40, 1.07-1.82) and death (1.67, 1.00-2.80). In both age groups, obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence in all outcomes than DM and/or CVD. A dose-response association was observed between obesity and death in adults: class I 1.32 (1.05-1.66), class II 1.41 (1.06-1.87), and class III 1.77 (1.35-2.33). Conclusions: The combined association of obesity, diabetes, and/or CVD with severe COVID-19 outcomes may be stronger in adults than in elders. Obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD had more impact on the risk of COVID-19 severity than DM and/or CVD in both age groups. The study also supports an independent relationship of obesity with severe outcomes, including a dose-response association between degrees of obesity and death in adults. These findings suggest important implications for the clinical care of patients with obesity and severe COVID-19 and support the inclusion of people with obesity in the high-risk and vaccine priority groups for protection from SARS-CoV-2.

scholarly journals The correlation between the cerebroplacental ratio and fetal arterial blood gas in appropriate-for-gestational-age fetuses: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 821-826
Author(s):  
Ashraf Jamal ◽  
Vajiheh Marsoosi ◽  
Fatemeh Sarvestani ◽  
Neda Hashemi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Fetal Distress ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Emergency Cesarean ◽  
Appropriate For Gestational Age ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Background: The cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) is an important index for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes in small-for-gestational-age and appropriate-forgestational-age fetuses. Objective: To find out whether there is an association between the CPR level and the blood cord gases analysis in appropriate for gestational age fetuses. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 347 pregnant women at the gestational age of 37-40 wk. Patients had an appropriate-for-gestational-age fetus confirmed from their first ultrasonography results. Participants were divided into two groups based on their CPR, measured before delivery. Finally, after delivery, arterial blood gas level and the incidence of emergency cesarean section, intrapartum fetal distress and neonatal intensive care unit admissions were compared between the two groups. Results: Fifty-four (15.6%) cases had a CPR below the detection limit of the assay. The incidence of fetal distress, emergency cesarean section, neonatal hospitalization in the neonatal intensive care unit, and pH < 7.2 were significantly lower in women with CPR ≥ 0.67 multiples than in women with a CPR < 0.67 multiples of the median. Conclusion: The third-trimester CPR is an independent predictor of stillbirth and perinatal mortality and morbidity. The role of UA/MCA Doppler and the CPR in assessing the risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes should be evaluated prospectively. Key words: Umbilical cord blood, Color Doppler ultrasonography, Gestational age.

scholarly journals Study of Oxygen Saturation by Pulse Oximetry and Arterial Blood Gas in ICU Patients: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (230) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabin Rauniyar ◽  
Shyam Pujari ◽  
Pradeep Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arterial Blood Gas ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
The Mean

Introduction: Pulse oximetery is expected to be an indirect estimation of arterial oxygen saturation. However, there often are gaps between SpO2 and SaO2. This study aims to study on arterial oxygen saturation measured by pulse oximetry and arterial blood gas among patients admitted in intensive care unit. Methods: It was a hospital-based descriptive cross-sectional study in which 101 patients meeting inclusion criteria were studied. SpO2 and SaO2 were measured simultaneously. Mean±SD of SpO2 and SaO2 with accuracy, sensitivity and specificity were measured. Results: According to SpO2 values, out of 101 patients, 26 (25.7%) were hypoxemic and 75 (74.25%) were non–hypoxemic. The mean±SD of SaO2 and SpO2 were 93.22±7.84% and 92.85±6.33% respectively. In 21 patients with SpO2<90%, the mean±SD SaO2 and SpO2 were 91.63±4.92 and 87.42±2.29 respectively. In 5 patients with SpO2 < 80%, the mean ± SD of SaO2 and SpO2 were: 63.40±3.43 and 71.80±4.28, respectively. In non–hypoxemic group based on SpO2 values, the mean±SD of SpO2 and SaO2 were 95.773±2.19% and 95.654±3.01%, respectively. The agreement rate of SpO2 and SaO2 was 83.2%, and sensitivity and specificity of PO were 84.6% and 83%, respectively. Conclusions: Pulse Oximetry has high accuracy in estimating oxygen saturation with sp02>90% and can be used instead of arterial blood gas.

scholarly journals Combined association of obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases with severe COVID-19 outcomes: a nationwide cross-sectional study of 21 773 Brazilian adult and elderly inpatients

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. e050739
Author(s):  
Natanael de Jesus Silva ◽  
Rita de Cássia Ribeiro-Silva ◽  
Andrêa Jacqueline Fortes Ferreira ◽  
Camila Silveira Silva Teixeira ◽  
Aline Santos Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Invasive Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Icu Admission ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Elderly Inpatients

ObjectivesTo investigate the combined association of obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) with severe COVID-19 outcomes in adult and elderly inpatients.DesignCross-sectional study based on registry data from Brazil’s influenza surveillance system.SettingPublic and private hospitals across Brazil.ParticipantsEligible population included 21 942 inpatients aged ≥20 years with positive reverse transcription-PCR test for SARS-CoV-2 until 9 June 2020.Main outcome measuresSevere COVID-19 outcomes were non-invasive and invasive mechanical ventilation use, intensive care unit (ICU) admission and death. Multivariate analyses were conducted separately for adults (20–59 years) and elders (≥60 years) to test the combined association of obesity (without and with DM and/or CVD) and degrees of obesity with each outcome.ResultsA sample of 8848 adults and 12 925 elders were included. Among adults, obesity with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence of invasive (prevalence ratio 3.76, 95% CI 2.82 to 5.01) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation use (2.06, 1.58 to 2.69), ICU admission (1.60, 1.40 to 1.83) and death (1.79, 1.45 to 2.21) compared with the group without obesity, DM and CVD. In elders, obesity alone (without DM and CVD) had the highest prevalence of ICU admission (1.40, 1.07 to 1.82) and death (1.67, 1.00 to 2.80). In both age groups, obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD showed higher prevalence in all outcomes than DM and/or CVD. A dose–response association was observed between obesity and death in adults: class I 1.32 (1.05 to 1.66), class II 1.41 (1.06 to 1.87) and class III 1.77 (1.35 to 2.33).ConclusionsThe combined association of obesity, diabetes and/or CVD with severe COVID-19 outcomes may be stronger in adults than in elders. Obesity alone and combined with DM and/or CVD had more impact on the risk of COVID-19 severity than DM and/or CVD in both age groups. The study also supports an independent relationship of obesity with severe outcomes, including a dose–response association between degrees of obesity and death in adults.

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