Prevalence of Distal Cervical Caries in Mandibular Second Molar caused by impacted third molar

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 3253-3256
Author(s):  
M Arshman Khan ◽  
Talib Hussain ◽  
Bilal Z. Babar ◽  
Sikandar J. Bajwa ◽  
S. Ghani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Impacted Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Aim: To analyse early recognition of the distal cervical caries of mandibular second molar caused by impacted mandibular third molar, to correlate oral health and caries status and to find out the average age groups and gender affected by impacted third molar Methods: A cross-sectional survey of 300 participants was conducted over a 15-month period at Rehmat Memorial Hospital, Abbottabad. 300 participants having impacted third molar having distal cervical caries in mandibular second molar were analyzed clinically and radiographically. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 Results: the demographic data of 300 patients with impacted mandibular third molars were analyzed. 64% were male and 36% female that have extractions due to impaction. Caries caused in more than half of participants by mesioangular impaction, which was 52%, 3% due to distoangular, 26% due to distal, and 18% due to horizontal impaction. In 63.25% of cases, teeth were lost due to caries, periodontitis caused 20.25% of tooth loss, pericoronitis 7.75%, orthodontics 3.75%, prosthodontics 1.2%, trauma 1%, and other factors were 2.5%. study reveals that 30.5 % of the extractions were done from 21 and 30 years and 23 %of extractions were performed. 40% of those who took part in the study did not brush their teeth. Socioeconomic status also has a great impact on tooth extractions. Conclusion: After conducting this study, it was concluded that there was a relationship between the prevalence of distal cervical caries in mandibular second molars and the placement of neighbouring impacted mandibular third molars. As a result, the extraction of mandibular third molars should be done to avoid cavities and premature tooth loss in the neighboring molar. Key words: Third molar impaction, distoangular, distal cervical caries, extraction, 2nd molar caries

scholarly journals Factors associated with spontaneous mesialization of impacted mandibular third molars after second molar protraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Un-Bong Baik ◽  
Jin Hye Kang ◽  
Ui-Lyong Lee ◽  
Nikhilesh R Vaid ◽  
Yoon-Ji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Third ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular First Molar

ABSTRACT Objectives: To investigate factors associated with spontaneous mesialization of impacted third molars after second molar protraction to close the space caused by a missing mandibular first molar (L-6) or retained deciduous mandibular second molars with a missing succedaneous premolar (L-E). Materials and Methods: Panoramic radiographs of patients treated with mandibular second molar protraction to close the space due to missing L-6 or L-E (14 males, 36 females, mean age = 18.6 ± 4.4 years) were analyzed before treatment (T1) and after second molar protraction (T2). Factors associated with the amount of third molar mesialization were investigated using regression analyses. Results: Mandibular second molars were protracted by 5.1 ± 2.1 mm and 5.8 ± 2.7 mm, measured at the crown and root furcation, respectively. After second molar protraction, third molars showed spontaneous mesialization by 4.3 ± 1.6 mm and 3.8 ± 2.6 mm, measured at the crown and root furcation, respectively. Nolla's stage of the third molar at T1 (B = 0.20, P = .026) and second molar protraction time (B = 0.04, P = .042) were significantly associated with the amount of third molar mesialization. Conclusions: Greater third molar mesialization was observed when Nolla's stage of the third molar was higher before treatment and when the second molar protraction time was longer.

scholarly journals Is prophylactic extraction of mandibular third molar indicated? A retrospective study.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhouxi Ye ◽  
Wenhao Qian ◽  
Yubo Wu ◽  
Bing Sun ◽  
Zhiyao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Abstract Background To evaluate the associations of impaction patterns of mandibular third molars (M3Ms) with pathologies caused by them. Methods In this study, 262 patients with 432 impacted M3Ms were included. The pathologies include pericoronitis, mandibular second molar (M2M) caries, and M2M distal periodontal pathology. The impaction patterns of M3Ms and the pathologies were examined, and the M2Ms outcomes after the surgeries were evaluated. χ2 test was used to analyze the data and a P value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Pericoronitis was the major symptom in all patients, whereas the propensities of M2M distal caries and periodontal pathologies increased in older patients. Soft tissue impacted and vertically angulated teeth were more associated with the pericoronitis (p <0.05); Mesio-angular impacted teeth in less deep positions had greater risks of M2Ms distal caries (p <0.05); Mesio-angular and horizontal impacted teeth in relative deep positions were more likely to cause M2Ms distal periodontal pathologies (p <0.05). Conclusions Extractions of soft tissue impacted teeth in vertical angulations should be considered. While removals of mesially and horizontally angulated or bony impacted teeth could be delayed.

scholarly journals Flap vs flapless technique for impacted third molar removal: A split mouth prospective randomized control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Neeraj ◽  
Banshilal Beniwal ◽  
Padmanidhi Agarwal ◽  
Vikas Berwal ◽  
Richa Malik
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Group I ◽  
Flap Design ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative sequelae of removal of impacted third molars in participants treated with conventional flap elevation technique or with a minimally invasive flapless technique. Participants with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars were included. They were divided into two sites constituting 2 groups. One group was operated by using conventional flap design and elevation and other with flapless technique. Objective clinical parameters were recorded and compared in the post-operative period like mouth opening, swelling, surgical time, and pocket depth. Subjective parameters including pain were also assessed and statistically analyzed. The sites operated in Group II (Flapless technique) had better results (p≤0.05) in terms of pain, swelling, trismus, and pocket depth distal to second molar when compared to Group I (Flap). The flapless technique gives better surgical results and improved healing process after third molar removal and so should be recommended in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Vertical eruption patterns of impacted mandibular third molars after the mesialization of second molars using miniscrews

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-570 ◽  
Author(s):  
Un-Bong Baik ◽  
Yoon-Ah Kook ◽  
Mohamed Bayome ◽  
Je-Uk Park ◽  
Jae Hyun Park
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Space Closure ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT Objective:  To investigate (1) whether vertical eruption of impacted third molars improves after mesialization of second molars and (2) what factors affect the vertical eruption of impacted third molars when space caused by missing molars is successfully closed by mesialization of the second molar using miniscrews. Materials and Methods:  The treatment group (Group 1) included 52 patients who had (1) missing mandibular first molars (ML-6) or missing deciduous mandibular second molars (ML-E), (2) initially impacted mandibular third molars, and (3) successful space closure of the edentulous area with orthodontics. Panoramic radiographs at start of treatment (T1) and at time of space closure (T2) were collected. The control group (Group 2) included 46 nonedentulous patients with impacted mandibular third molars without molar protraction treatment. Panoramic radiographs with similar T1/T2 treatment times were selected. Nine measurements were obtained regarding horizontal available space, vertical eruption, and third molar angulation. Results:  Third molars erupted vertically an average of 2.54 mm in Group 1 compared with 0.41 mm in Group 2. Age, gender, Nolla stage, and angle of the third molars did not show significant correlations with the vertical change of the impacted third molars, whereas the depth of third molar impaction and available space showed significant correlations. Conclusions:  Impacted mandibular third molars vertically erupt as a result of uprighting with mesialization of the second molar, and vertical eruption is affected by the initial vertical location of impacted third molars and available space.

The prevention and management of distal cervical caries of the mandibular second molar

Dental Update ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 406-410
Author(s):  
Louis W McArdle
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Impacted Third Molar ◽  
Simple Question ◽  
Wisdom Teeth ◽  
Molar Teeth ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Disease Free

Distal Cervical Caries (DCC) of the mandibular second molar has become a more frequent complication of third molar impaction as a direct consequence of the introduction of NICE's guidance on the management of wisdom teeth. NICE's tenet that disease free impacted third molars can be retained is contradicted by the development of DCC on the second molar as its diagnosis asks the simple question of why the impacted third molar was not removed before DCC occurred. This paper aims to address the features of DCC associated with the second molar and outlines how dentists should address its diagnosis but, more importantly, how to recognize those at risk and how patients should be managed. CPD/Clinical Relevance: Clinical management of impacted third molar teeth.

scholarly journals Pathologies associated with the mandibular third molar impaction

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 003685042110132
Author(s):  
Zhou-Xi Ye ◽  
Wen-Hao Qian ◽  
Yu-Bo Wu ◽  
Chi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
District Center ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

To evaluate the associations of impaction patterns of mandibular third molars (M3Ms) with pathologies caused by them. In this study, 262 patients with 432 impacted M3Ms who referred in Shanghai Xuhui District Center were reviewed. The pathologies include pericoronitis, mandibular second molar (M2M) caries, and M2M distal periodontal pathology. The impaction patterns of M3Ms and the pathologies were examined, while the M2M outcomes after surgeries were evaluated. A χ2 test was used to analyze the data, with a p value of <0.05 being considered statistically significant. Pericoronitis was the major symptom in all patients, whereas the propensities of M2M distal caries and periodontal pathologies increased in older patients. Soft tissue impacted and vertically angulated teeth were more associated with pericoronitis ( p < 0.05); mesio-angular impacted teeth in less deep positions had greater risks of M2Ms distal caries ( p < 0.05); mesio-angular and horizontal impacted teeth in relative deep positions were more likely to cause M2Ms distal periodontal pathologies ( p < 0.05). Extractions of soft tissue impacted teeth in vertical angulations should be considered, while removals of mesially and horizontally angulated or bony impacted teeth could be delayed.

scholarly journals Comparison of Digital OPG and CBCT in Assessment of Risk Factors Associated with Inferior Nerve Injury during Mandibular Third Molar Surgery

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2282
Author(s):  
Rakhi Issrani ◽  
Namdeo Prabhu ◽  
Mohammed Sghaireen ◽  
Hasna Rasheed Alshubrmi ◽  
Amal Mohamed Alanazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inferior Alveolar Nerve ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Canal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Impacted Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Mandibular Molar ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Background: Pre-operative radiographic assessment of the anatomical relationship between the roots of the mandibular third molar and the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) is a must to minimize the risk of IAN injury during surgery. Objectives: To compare the radiographic signs of digital orthopantomogram (OPG) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). An additional objective was to assess the cortex status between the mandibular canal and third molar on CBCT images in relation to the demographic characteristics, region (right or left side), and angulation of mandibular molar. Methodology: In this retrospective study, a total of 350 impacted mandibular third molars with a close relationship between the inferior alveolar canal (IAC) and impacted mandibular third molars on digital OPG were further referred for CBCT imaging for assessment of the position of the mandibular canal. The study was conducted between August 2018 and February 2020. Digital OPGs were evaluated for radiographic signs like interruption of the mandibular canal wall, darkening of the roots, diversion of the mandibular canal, and narrowing of the mandibular canal. The age and sex of patients, site of impacted third molar, Winter’s classification of mandibular third molar, position of IAC relative to impacted molar, and the radiographic markers of OPG were assessed for cortical integrity using CBCT. Chi square testing was applied to study the values of difference and binomial logistic regression was done to assess the factors associated with cortication. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: Among 350 patients, 207 (59.1%) were male and 143 (40.9%) were female with a mean age of 36.8 years. The most common OPG sign was interruption of white line, seen in 179 (51.1%) cases. In total, 246 cases (70.3%) showed an absence of canal cortication between the mandibular canal and the impacted third molar on CBCT images. Cortication was observed in all cases with a combination of panoramic signs which was statistically significant (p = 0.047). Cortication was observed in 85 (50.6%) cases where IAC was positioned on the buccal side, 11 (16.9%) in cases of inferiorly positioned IAC, and just 8 (7.6%) for cases of lingually positioned IAC which was statistically significant (p = 0.003). Statistically insignificant (p > 0.05) results were noted for cortex status in CBCT images with regards to the age, sex, site, and angulation of impacted third molars. Conclusion: CBCT imaging is highly recommended for those cases where diversion of the mandibular canal is observed on OPG and when the roots are present between canals.

scholarly journals Assessment of Lingual Nerve Paresthesia after Removal of Mandibular Third Molar

2021 ◽  
pp. 253-259
Author(s):  
V. Usha ◽  
G. Rajabackiyam ◽  
K. Prabhu Sankar ◽  
Varun Muthuraman ◽  
Aravind Christo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Resorption ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Lingual Nerve ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Mandibular Third Molar ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
The Common ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

Surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars are the most commonly performed minor surgical procedures by maxillofacial surgeon. If not treated can lead to few complications like pericoronitis, root resorption of second molar, caries of second molar, cyst and tumours can arise from them. The common complications include swelling, hematoma, trismus and lingual nerve injuries. In this article 1000 cases of various types impactions were surgically operated and assessment of lingual nerve injury was done.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Distal Carious Lesions in Mandibular Second Molars Due to Mesio-Angular Impacted Third Molars

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Talha Ashar ◽  
◽  
Asma Shakoor ◽  
Sadia Ghazal ◽  
Naghma Parveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Third Molar ◽  
Data Entry ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Dental Arch ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Carious Lesions ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to observe the relationship of mesio-angular impacted third molars to the development of distal caries in adjacent second molars. METHODOLOGY: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Nishtar Institute of Dentistry, Multan. Nine hundred and eighty nine periapical, bitewing and Panoramic radiographs were recorded and examined for distally carious second molars and impacted mandibular third molars. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data entry and analysis. RESULTS: Almost 40.8% of the target population reported with distal caries due to third molar impactions. A total of 53.30% of these impactions were of the mesio-angular variety. No distal caries was detected in transverse type of impactions. CONCLUSION: The current study concluded that the prevalence of distal caries in mandibular second molars and the positioning of adjacent impacted mandibular third molars in the dental arch were interlinked. Consequently, extraction of mandibular third molars should be considered to prevent caries and premature loss of second molar teeth. KEYWORDS: Distal caries, Impacted third molar, Infections, Risk Factor HOW TO CITE: Ashar T, Shakoor A, Ghazal S, Parveen N, Saleem MN, Raja HZ. Prevalence of distal carious lesions in mandibular second molars due to mesio-angular impacted third molars. J Pak Dent Assoc 2021;30(1):50-55.

Flap vs flapless technique for impacted third molar removal: A split mouth prospective randomized control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Neeraj ◽  
Banshilal Beniwal ◽  
Padmanidhi Agarwal ◽  
Vikas Berwal ◽  
Richa Malik
Keyword(s):  
Healing Process ◽  
Third Molar ◽  
Mouth Opening ◽  
Third Molars ◽  
Pocket Depth ◽  
Second Molar ◽  
Group I ◽  
Flap Design ◽  
Impacted Mandibular Third Molars ◽  
Mandibular Third Molars

The aim of this study was to compare the post-operative sequelae of removal of impacted third molars in participants treated with conventional flap elevation technique or with a minimally invasive flapless technique. Participants with bilaterally impacted mandibular third molars were included. They were divided into two sites constituting 2 groups. One group was operated by using conventional flap design and elevation and other with flapless technique. Objective clinical parameters were recorded and compared in the post-operative period like mouth opening, swelling, surgical time, and pocket depth. Subjective parameters including pain were also assessed and statistically analyzed. The sites operated in Group II (Flapless technique) had better results (p≤0.05) in terms of pain, swelling, trismus, and pocket depth distal to second molar when compared to Group I (Flap). The flapless technique gives better surgical results and improved healing process after third molar removal and so should be recommended in routine clinical practice.

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