Assessment of Hepatitis C virus genotypes in regular dialysis patients of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

Globally viral hepatitis is a major health problem. HCV is a causative agent of hepatitis and is responsible for acute and chronic hepatitis leads to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This study was carried out to know the HCV genotypes in Dialysis patients in NWFP (Pakistan). The age ranged from 15-65 years. During this study a total of 63 samples were collected and were analyzed for HCV genotypes. RNA was extracted from whole blood; reverse transcribed into cDNA and was subjected to multiplex PCR. Of these 63 samples, 14 were genotyped as genotype 3a was found in 9(64.28%) patients, followed by genotype 3b (21.42%) in 3 and 2a in 2(14.28%) patients. Three positive samples remained untyped. In age group 31 to 40 years, the number of positive patients were comparatively greater.

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Antiproliferative and Apoptotic Effects of Cardamonin against Hepatocellular Carcinoma HepG2 Cells

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061757 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1757

Author(s):

Nassrin A. Badroon ◽

Nazia Abdul Majid ◽

Mohammed A. Alshawsh

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Liver Cancer ◽

Hepg2 Cells ◽

Primary Liver Cancer ◽

Dependent Manner ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

Late Apoptosis ◽

Apoptotic Effects

Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer in terms of incidence and the fourth in terms of mortality. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) represents almost 90% of primary liver cancer and has become a major health problem globally. Cardamonin (CADMN) is a natural bioactive chalcone found in several edible plants such as cardamom and Alpinia species. Previous studies have shown that CADMN possesses anticancer activities against breast, lung, prostate and colorectal cancer. In the present study, the mechanisms underlying the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of CADMN were investigated against HepG2 cells. The results demonstrated that CADMN has anti-proliferative effects and apoptotic action on HepG2 cells. CADMN showed potent cytotoxicity against HepG2 cells with an IC50 of 17.1 ± 0.592 μM at 72 h. Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that CADMN arrests HepG2 cells in G1 phase and induces a significant increase in early and late apoptosis in a time-dependent manner. The mechanism by which CADMN induces apoptotic action was via activation of both extrinsic and intrinsic pathways. Moreover, the findings of this study showed the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which inhibit the NF-κB pathway and further enhance the apoptotic process. Together, our findings further support the potential anticancer activity of CADMN as an alternative therapeutic agent against HCC.

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Infection of hepatitis C virus genotypes in hepatocellular carcinoma patients from rural areas of Faisalabad region, Pakistan

AFRICAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY ◽

10.5897/ajb11.1100 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 10 (42) ◽

pp. 8471-8475

Author(s):

Nawaz Muhammad ◽

Siddique Salma ◽

Manzoor Irfan ◽

Nadeem Shahid ◽

Salah ud Din ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes

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The distribution of hepatitis C virus genotypes in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v10i6.25720 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 28-32

Author(s):

Ayfer Bakır ◽

Nuran Karabulut ◽

Sema Alaçam ◽

Barış Bakır ◽

Ali Ağaçfidan

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Hepatic Cirrhosis ◽

Genotype 1 ◽

High Association ◽

Hcv Genotypes ◽

Genotype 1B ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes ◽

Chronic Hcv

Background: Hepatic cirrhosis develops within 20-30 years in approximately 20% of individuals chronically infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Aims and Objective: This study aimed to determine the distribution of HCV genotypes in patients with HCV-associated HCC in our region and thus to contribute to the epidemiology of HCV. Materials and Methods: HCC patients referred to the virology laboratory for HCV genotype identification between January 2013 and April 2018 were included in this study. Genotyping of HCV was performed by a commercial reverse hybridization line probe-based assay. Results: Seventeen patients who were diagnosed with HCC and whose HCV genotypes were analyzed were included in this study. Genotype 1 was detected in all 17 patients with HCC. When evaluating subtypes of genotype 1, genotype 1b was detected in 16 (94%) of the patients. The HCV subtyping in one patient (6%) could not be performed. Conclusion: As a result, genotype 1b, one of the major risk factors for HCC, was detected in 94% of the patients included in this study. This study, consistent with the literature, shows a high association between the development of HCC and genotype 1b in patients with chronic HCV.

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Comparison of Daclatasvir Resistance Barriers on NS5A from Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes 1 to 6: Implications for Cross-Genotype Activity

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.02788-14 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 58 (9) ◽

pp. 5155-5163 ◽

Cited By ~ 50

Author(s):

Chunfu Wang ◽

Lingling Jia ◽

Donald R. O'Boyle ◽

Jin-Hua Sun ◽

Karen Rigat ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Antiviral Activity ◽

Rank Order ◽

Replicon Cell ◽

Hcv Genotypes ◽

Resistance Selection ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes

ABSTRACTA comparison of the daclatasvir (DCV [BMS-790052]) resistance barrier on authentic or hybrid replicons containing NS5A from hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotypes 1 to 6 (GT-1 to -6) was completed using a replicon elimination assay. The data indicated that genotype 1b (GT-1b) has the highest relative resistance barrier and genotype 2a (GT-2a M31) has the lowest. The rank order of resistance barriers to DCV was 1b > 4a ≥ 5a > 6a ≅ 1a > 2a JFH > 3a > 2a M31. Importantly, DCV in combination with a protease inhibitor (PI) eliminated GT-2a M31 replicon RNA at a clinically relevant concentration. Previously, we reported the antiviral activity and resistance profiles of DCV on HCV genotypes 1 to 4 evaluated in the replicon system. Here, we report the antiviral activity and resistance profiles of DCV against hybrid replicons with NS5A sequences derived from HCV GT-5a and GT-6a clinical isolates. DCV was effective against both GT-5a and -6a hybrid replicon cell lines (50% effective concentrations [EC50s] ranging from 3 to 7 pM for GT-5a, and 74 pM for GT-6a). Resistance selection identified amino acid substitutions in the N-terminal domain of NS5A. For GT-5a, L31F and L31V, alone or in combination with K56R, were the major resistance variants (EC50s ranging from 2 to 40 nM). In GT-6a, Q24H, L31M, P32L/S, and T58A/S were identified as resistance variants (EC50s ranging from 2 to 250 nM). Thein vitrodata suggest that DCV has the potential to be an effective agent for HCV genotypes 1 to 6 when used in combination therapy.

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Hepatitis C virus genotypes and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: A prospective study

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.510250344 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 754-758 ◽

Cited By ~ 241

Author(s):

S Bruno ◽

E Silini ◽

A Crosignani ◽

F Borzio ◽

G Leandro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis C Virus ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes ◽

A Prospective Study

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Human leukocyte antigen variants and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma modified by hepatitis C virus genotypes: A genome‐wide association study

Hepatology ◽

10.1002/hep.29531 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 651-661 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Mei‐Hsuan Lee ◽

Yu‐Han Huang ◽

Hsuan‐Yu Chen ◽

Seik‐Soon Khor ◽

Ya‐Hsuan Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽

Hepatitis C ◽

Genome Wide Association Study ◽

Human Leukocyte ◽

Genome Wide Association ◽

Leukocyte Antigen ◽

Genome Wide ◽

A Genome ◽

Virus Genotypes ◽

Hepatitis C Virus Genotypes

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Profile of alopecia areata in patients attending dermatology out patient department in a tertiary care hospital in Gangtok, Sikkim

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20214201 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 782

Author(s):

Nisha Gupta ◽

Rekha Sharma ◽

Rukma L. Sharma

Keyword(s):

Alopecia Areata ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

The Body ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Major Health Problem ◽

Major Health ◽

Male Preponderance ◽

Patient Department

Background: Alopecia areata is a condition that is characterized by a well-defined round or oval patches of non-scaring hair loss in scalp or any hairy area of the body. Alopecia areata has become a major health problem faced by people all over the world. This research was done to ascertain the prevalence of alopecia areata in different age group and to study its association with autoimmune diseases and systemic illnesses.Methods: The present hospital based descriptive study includes 52 alopecia areata patients attending dermatology out-patient department.Results: It was seen that the disease can occur at any age group mostly affecting those between 21-40 years. The age of presentation varied from 14 to 48 years with male preponderance. It was found that arthritis was associated in 30.7%, ANA was positive in 7.7% and 12% had hypothyroidism. Eosinophilia was found in 34.6% and 7.7% had asthma among then.Conclusions: Our study shows that it could be associated with autoimmunity, thyroid abnormality, atopy and inflammation.

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