scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL EXERGY ANALYSIS OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANTS

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 24 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. H. Mora ◽  
S. De Oliveira Jr
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Exergy Analysis ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Exergy Efficiency ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

This work evaluates the environmental impact of Wastewater Treatment Plants (WTP) based on data generated by the exergy analysis, calculating and applying environmental impact indexes for two WTP located in the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo. The environmental impact of the waste water treatment plants was done by means of evaluating two environmental impact exergy based indexes: the environmental exergy efficiency (ηenv,exerg) and the total pollution rate (Rpol,t). The environmental exergy efficiency is defined as the ratio of the exergy of the useful effect of the WTP to the total exergy consumed by human and natural resources, including all the exergy inputs. That relation is an indication of the theoretical potential of future improvements of the process. Besides the environmental exergy efficiency, it is also used the total pollution rate, based on the definition done by Makarytchev (1997), as the ratio of the destroyed exergy associated to the process wastes to the exergy of the useful effect of the process. The analysis of the results shows that this method can be used to quantify and also optimise the environmental performance of Wastewater Treatment Plants.

The Experience and the Results of Operating Small Wastewater Treatment Plants

1990 ◽  
Vol 22 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 267-273
Author(s):  
Mitja Rismal
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
Rotating Discs ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

About 15 years of experience gained from operating 7 small waste water treatment plants between 150-500 p.e. and 6 plants of 2000-3000 p.e. capacity are described. All of the plants involved are low-loaded activated sludge plants with water jet aeration generated by screw or propeller pumps which both proved to be efficient in aeration while secure and simple in operation. In comparison with other types of small treatment plants in our country (rotating discs and bubble aeration activated sludge plants), they proved to be reliable and simple in operation and produce an effluent of good quality. The energy consumption and the necessary flow velocites in aeration tanks are computed and measured.

Water reuse for irrigation from waste water treatment plants with seasonal varied operation modes

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cornel ◽  
B. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants

Irrigation periods are usually limited to vegetation periods. The quality requirements for treated wastewater for disposal and for reuse are different. The reuse of water for irrigation allows partly the reuse of the wastewater's nutrients (N and P). Outside the irrigation period the water must be treated for disposal, thus nutrient removal is often required in order to avoid detrimental effects on the receiving surface water body. Only wastewater treatment plants with different operation modes for different seasons can realise these requirements. The nitrification is the most sensitive biological process in the aerobic wastewater treatment process. At low water temperatures the nitrifying bacteria need several weeks to re-start full nitrification after periods without NH4-removal. Therefore it is necessary to develop options for waste water treatment plants which allow a fast re-start of the nitrification process. Based on theoretical considerations and computer simulations of the activated sludge treatment process, one possibility for implementing a wastewater treatment plant with different seasonal operation modes is evaluated.

scholarly journals ENZYMATIC WASTE WATER TREATMENT

World Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancey Hafez
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Enzymatic Reactions ◽  
Biological Interactions ◽  
Physico Chemical

Enzymes are biocatalysts provided by cells and are used in most metabolic methods. Most enzymes are consisting of proteins containing tertiary amino acid which bind to co enzyme or metal ions. Enzymes are accelerating biochemical processes by some mechanisms to chemical catalysts e.g metals, metal oxides and metal ions. Enzymes can be very effective under conditions e.g (temperature, atmospheric pressure and PH). Many enzymes have hydrolyzing, oxidizing and reducing characters. Enzymatic reactions always provide less side effects reactions and fewer waste by products. That is why microbial Enzymes can give an effective and environmental safe alternatives as metabolic inorganic chemical catalysts which can be used in all over pharmaceutical industrial processes. Enzymes are used in waste water treatment. Treatment technologies depend on physico-chemical approaches in wastewater treatment plants which require skills, high operation costs (in terms of high energy and chemical demand). Wastewater treatment is operated to protect the quality of limited freshwater resources, which are most times the final discharge points of effluents, and also, to promote the reusability of expended clean water; amounts of hazardous aromatic byproducts are still generated [3, 4]. The observation shows that wastewater treatment plants, though liable to remove microcontaminants such as heavy metals, and to a far lesser extent, aromatic contaminants, were originally structured for the removal of solid wastes, ecofriendly organic matter and eutrophication stimulants from wastewater, thereby reducing eutrophicating pollution loads; the micropollutants may only be moderately affected by the chemical, physical and biological interactions within the treatment plants.

scholarly journals Size dependence of silver nanoparticle removal in a wastewater treatment plant mesocosm measured by FAST single particle ICP-MS

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 1189-1197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jani Tuoriniemi ◽  
Monika D. Jürgens ◽  
Martin Hassellöv ◽  
Geert Cornelis
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Silver Nanoparticle ◽  
Size Dependence ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Engineered Nanoparticles ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Icp Ms

The quantities of engineered nanoparticles (NP) released to the environment are often influenced by their fate in waste water treatment plants (WWTP).

Composting of Sewage Sludge of Moscow Waste Water Treatment Plants Using Recycling Filler

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.A. Danilovich ◽  
M.N. Kozlov ◽  
V.I. Sklyar ◽  
Yu.A. Nikolaev ◽  
N.M. Shchegolkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
Waste Waters ◽  
Organic Additives ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants ◽  
The City

This work demonstrates a possibility of composting of municipal waste waters sludge (WWS) digested during 5-7 days, of the Kuryanovo waste water treatment plants (the city of Moscow) without the use of traditional organic additives – sawdust, peat, thatch. As a recycling filler (repeatedly used), enhancing the porosity of the composted mixture, ribbed polyethylene spheres (∅=8 cm) and wood chips (having dimension of 5-10 cm) were used. Composting was performed efficiently in both cases, however, the use of wood ships had technological and economical advantages. The process of composting was carried out during 2-4 weeks and was composed of classical phases of active heating (a rate of 0.2-0.3oC/h was obtained), maintaining of maximum temperature during 1-2 days, and cooling down to the ambient temperature. During the course of composting, a product was obtained, having attractive organoleptic properties, suitable for application in municipal laying-out of greenery.

Stirring and aeration system for the upgrading of small waste water treatment plants

1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Höfken ◽  
Katharina Zähringer ◽  
Franz Bischof
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Basic Fluid ◽  
Aeration System ◽  
Technical Realization ◽  
Wide Range

A novel agitating system has been developed which allows for individual or combined operation of stirring and aeration processes. Basic fluid mechanical considerations led to the innovative hyperboloid design of the stirrer body, which ensures high efficiencies in the stirring and the aeration mode, gentle circulation with low shear forces, excellent controllability, and a wide range of applications. This paper presents the basic considerations which led to the operating principle, the technical realization of the system and experimental results in a large-scale plant. The characteristics of the system and the differences to other stirring and aeration systems are illustrated. Details of the technical realization are shown, which conform to the specific demands of applications in the biological treatment of waste water. Special regard is given to applications in the upgrading of small compact waste water treatment plants.

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