scholarly journals MORFOLOGIA DE FRUTO, SEMENTE E PLÂNTULA DE Sebastiania commersoniana, EUPHORBIACEAE

FLORESTA ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Luiz Cosmo ◽  
Antônio Carlos Nogueira ◽  
Jeniane Gonçalves de Lima ◽  
Yoshiko Saito Kuniyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Plant Morphology ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Random Samples ◽  
Cylindrical Axis ◽  
Alluvial Forest

Neste estudo, realizou-se a descrição morfológica de fruto, semente e plântula de Sebastiania commersoniana (Baillon) L. B. Smith & R. J. Downs (branquilho), espécie arbórea de ampla distribuição no sul do Brasil, especialmente nas planícies aluviais da Floresta Ombrófila Mista. Foram obtidos frutos de dez matrizes em Engenheiro Bley, distrito da Lapa-PR. Para a descrição e ilustração do fruto e da semente, 50 amostras aleatórias foram analisadas. As sementes foram colocadas em rolo de papel-toalha, e em substrato comercial, postas para germinar em germinador Biomatic, a 25 oC. A espécie tem fruto deiscente do tipo esquizocarpáceo tricoca. A semente é carunculada, com hilo, rafe e micrópila visíveis sob lupa, tegumento papiráceo e endosperma oleaginoso, tendo dispersão autocórica e zoocórica. O embrião é dominante, axial, espatulado, com cotilédones foliáceos, cordiformes e eixo hipocótilo-radicular cilíndrico. A germinação iniciou-se por volta do terceiro e quarto dias após a instalação do teste, sendo a plântula epígea, fanerocotiledonar. Decorreram cerca de dez dias até a abertura dos paracotilédones e 15 dias até o início do desenvolvimento do epicótilo. Diversas características aqui descritas explicam, em parte, a eficiente e expressiva distribuição da espécie em sua área de ocorrência natural. Palavras-chave: Morfologia vegetal; germinação; floresta aluvial; floresta ciliar.   Abstract Morphology of the fruit, seed and seedling of Sebastiania commersoniana, Euphorbiaceae. This work consists on a morphological description of the fruit, seed and seedling of Sebastiania commersoniana (Baillon) L. B. Smith & R. J. Downs (branquilho), tree species with wide distribution in southern Brazil, especially in the floodplains of the Mixed Ombrophylous Forest. For this, they were obtained fruits of ten trees in the district of Engenheiro Bley, municipality of Lapa-PR. For description and illustration of the fruits and seeds, 50 random samples were used. For germination, seeds were placed on paper-towel and on commercial substrate, in Biomatic germinator, at 25 ºC. S. commersoniana has a dehiscent schizocarpic fruit, with three fruitlets. The albuminous seed has a papyraceous seed coat with caruncle, hilum, raphe and micropyle visible under magnifying glass. The embryo is dominant, axial, espatulate, with cordate, foliaceous cotyledons and cylindrical axis. The germination started up around the third and fourth days after the test installation and the seedling is epigeal, phanerocotyledonous. The opening of the paracotyledons and the beginning of the epicotyl development occurred about 15 days after the test installation. Several characteristics described in this paper explains, in part, the efficient and expressive distribution of this species in its area of natural occurrence.Keywords: Plant morphology; germination; alluvial forest; riparian forest.

Novelties in Persicaria (Polygonaceae): description of a narrowly endemic new species from southern Brazil, and typification of the name Polygonum minus

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 490 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70
Author(s):  
LUÍS A. FUNEZ ◽  
GUSTAVO HASSEMER
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Morphological Comparison ◽  
Polygonum Minus ◽  
Narrow Area ◽  
Eurasian Species ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Locus Classicus

A new species of Persicaria, P. humboldtiana, endemic to a narrow area of waterfalls in Corupá, southern Brazil, is described in the present paper. The locus classicus of the new species is well-known for plant endemisms. A complete morphological description, original pictures, a distribution map, and a morphological comparison with the similar Eurasian species P. minor (≡ Polygonum minus) are given. The name Polygonum minus is lecto- and epitypified on, respectively, a Morison’s illustration and a specimen preserved at BM.

scholarly journals Comparison of the diet of Alouatta caraya (Primates: Atelidae) between a riparian island and mainland on the Upper Parana River, southern Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 419-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ludwig ◽  
Lucas M. Aguiar ◽  
Walfrido K. Svoboda ◽  
Carmen L. S. Hilst ◽  
Italmar T. Navarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Diet Breadth ◽  
Paraná River ◽  
Food Type ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Alouatta Caraya ◽  
Parana River ◽  
Upper Paraná River

Howler monkeys (Alouatta Lacèpéde, 1799) are folivores-frugivores with flexible diets depending on conditions. Here, we compare the diets of Alouatta caraya (Humboldt, 1812) in two riparian forests (island and mainland), in Porto Rico region, Upper Paraná River, Southern Brazil. Howlers were followed from October 2004 to September 2005 in the riparian forest of a 1,050 ha island and in the continuous riparian forest on the mainland (left bank of the river). The "scan sampling" method with instantaneous samples every 15 minutes was used. Besides vines, diet breadth was similar: 17 species consumed on the island versus 16 species on the mainland. Both consumed leaves followed by fruits more than any other food type (leaves: island - 65%, mainland - 49%, fruits: island - 24%, mainland - 46%). Even though the plant Cecropia pachystachya Trécul is less abundant in the mainland it was the item most consumed in both locations all year long, which suggests its importance for the howlers. Diet also varied both seasonally and between the island and mainland, apparently following changes in local abundance of each item and due to plant phenologies.

scholarly journals Geneva® Series Rootstocks for Apple Trees Under Extreme Replanting Conditions in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leo Rufato ◽  
Pricila Santos da Silva ◽  
Aike Anneliese Kretzschmar ◽  
Amauri Bogo ◽  
Tiago Afonso de Macedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Quality ◽  
Apple Tree ◽  
Training System ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Yield Efficiency ◽  
The Third ◽  
Promote Plant Growth ◽  
Allelopathic Effects ◽  
Relative Differences

Geneva® rootstocks in Brazil are known to be efficient in controlling vigor, and are precocious and resistant to diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of apple tree cultivars grafted on the Geneva® rootstocks in severe replant disease areas, by planting 60 days after the eradication. The experiments were implemented in 2017, in São Joaquim and Vacaria. The Gala Select and Fuji Suprema cultivars were grafted onto ‘G.202’, ‘G.814’, ‘G.210’, and ‘G.213’ rootstocks in the Tall Spindle training system. In 2018/2019, total thinning was carried out to promote plant growth. In São Joaquim, partial thinning was carried out in 2019/2020 harvest of ‘Gala Select’. The rootstocks were divided into two groups based on vigor, for both areas and cultivars. ‘G.202’ and ‘G.213’ were 40% less vigorous than ‘G.210’ and ‘G.814’. For ‘Gala Select’, the extreme non-fallow condition mainly affected the vigor and productivity of ‘G.213’ in both areas. At the end of two harvests, ‘G.213’ was 17% less productive than ‘G.210’, contrary to what is observed in areas where the fallow period is respected. However, ‘G.213’ confirmed a greater yield efficiency, which was 27% higher than ‘G.210’. This suggests that a perspective of forecasting production for the third crop is higher for ‘G.213’ than for ‘G.210’. In the case of ‘Fuji Suprema’, the G.210 rootstock was the most productive in both areas. In São Joaquim, ‘G.202’ matched ‘G.210’ in productivity and efficiency as it sprouts better in colder regions. Considering the fruit quality, ‘G.213’ anticipated the maturation with fruits of larger size and higher total soluble solids (TSS) in both areas and cultivars, making it possible to anticipate the harvest. It was concluded that the non-fallow condition does not alter the relative differences in vigor and fruit quality among the rootstocks. However, notwithstanding the overall replant tolerance of these rootstocks, it does reduce productivity by mainly affecting less vigorous rootstocks that need about three crops to overcome the allelopathic effects of the soil and start growing normally. The G.210 semi-dwarfing rootstock is an alternative for the immediate conversion of apple orchards of Gala Select and Fuji Suprema cultivars in southern Brazil.

scholarly journals Comparison of Test Measurements Taken on a Pipeline Compressor / Gas Turbine Unit in the Workshop and at Site

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Schmitt ◽  
V. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Reynolds Number ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Turbine Unit ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Gas Turbine Unit ◽  
Test Installation ◽  
Measuring Methods ◽  
Test Execution ◽  
The Third ◽  
Load Conditions

The first part of this paper describes the test installation of the gas turbine and the compressor in the workshop, test execution, measuring methods, evaluation and measuring uncertainties. The second part of this paper describes the site installation, execution of the test under full load conditions on natural gas, measuring methods, evaluation and measuring uncertainties. The third part of this paper compares both the measurements and the Reynolds number correction which was used for the evaluation of the pipeline compressor test results in the workshop.

scholarly journals Natural infection of Deroceras laeve (Mollusca: gastropoda) with metastrongylid larvae in a transmission focus of abdominal angiostrongyliasis

2002 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Lucyk MAURER ◽  
Carlos GRAEFF-TEIXEIRA ◽  
José Willibaldo THOMÉ ◽  
Luís Antônio CHIARADIA ◽  
Hiroko SUGAYA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epidemiological Study ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Santa Catarina ◽  
Crop Pest ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Family ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
First Time

Angiostrongylus costaricensis is a nematode parasitic of rodents. Man may become infected by ingestion of the third stage larvae produced within the intermediate hosts, usually slugs from the family Veronicellidae. An epidemiological study carried out in a locality in southern Brazil (western Santa Catarina State) where these slugs are a crop pest and an important vector for A. costaricensis has documented for the first time the natural infection of Deroceras laeve with metastrongylid larvae. This small limacid slug is frequently found amid the folds of vegetable leaves and may be inadvertently ingested. Therefore D. laeve may have an important role in transmission of A. costaricensis to man.

scholarly journals Eimeria spp. infection in lambs from southern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (11) ◽  
pp. 871-874
Author(s):  
Natália S. Martins ◽  
Sara P. da Motta ◽  
Carolina C. Santos ◽  
Andrios S. Moreira ◽  
Nara A.R. Farias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Eimeria Species ◽  
Rio Grande ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Sheep Industry ◽  
Eimeria Spp ◽  
Potential Damage ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACT: Eimeria infections are common in the sheep industry worldwide. Lambs are more susceptible to coccidiosis, especially in stressful conditions, being infected by different species of the parasite. Eimeria crandallis and Eimeria ovinoidalis are considered the most pathogenic, causing reduced growth, dehydration, anorexia, and death. In this study, the frequency of Eimeria species was evaluated in lambs from the southern region of the Rio Grande do Sul state, Brazil. Fecal samples from 248 lambs, from 19 farms, were tested for the presence of oocysts. The positive samples were re-examined and the sporulated oocysts analyzed morphometrically to identify the presence of Eimeria species. In 100% of the evaluated farms, there were animals positive for the protozoan. The frequency of Eimeria species was: E. ovinoidalis (94.74%), E. crandallis (89.47%), E. granulosa (78.95%), E. parva (68.42%), E. ahsata (63.13%), E. punctata (42.11%), E. bakuensis (36.84%), E. faurei (10.53%), and E. pallida (5.26%). Mixed infection was found in 94.74% of the samples. This research describes, for the first time, the occurrence of E. crandallis and E. ovinoidalis infecting lambs in the study area. The wide distribution of this protozoan and the high frequency of pathogenic species show the importance and potential damage of sheep coccidiosis in herds from Rio Grande do Sul.

scholarly journals Phenology of Guarea macrophylla Vahl (Meliaceae) in subtropical riparian forest in southern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Müller ◽  
J. L. Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Leaf Fall ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Ripe Fruit ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Plant Behavior ◽  
The One ◽  
Reproductive Events ◽  
Early Occurrence

Abstract Climate is one of the main factors that affect plant behavior. The phenology of Guarea macrophylla Vahl, which is a small tree used for reforestation of degraded areas, was monitored for 18 months in a riparian forest at the Schmidt Stream, Campo Bom, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil. Vegetative (leaf fall and leaf flushing) and reproductive events were observed, with the latter divided into flowering (flower buds and anthesis) and fruiting (unripe, ripening and ripe fruit). Phenological events were related to temperature, photoperiod and precipitation and their seasonality was verified by circular statistical analysis. Vegetative phenophases were continuous; they were not related to climate factors and presented low intensity, emphasizing the perennial aspect of the species. Flowering occurred during spring and summer. Both flower buds and anthesis were related to temperature and photoperiod. Fruiting was constant and went through all stages of development. Unripe fruits developed during the months with the lowest photoperiod and ripen more intensely in winter, on colder days. Ripe fruit became available for dispersal in spring, in times of longer photoperiod and higher temperatures. Except for leaf fall, all other phenological events showed seasonality in their manifestation. The one-month difference between the onsets of the flowering phases observed in this study indicated that local climate changes induced the early occurrence of this phenophase.

Characterization of the epiphytic lichen vegetation in a riparian forest in southern Brazil

2016 ◽  
Vol 149 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márcia Käffer ◽  
Renata Dantas ◽  
Suzana Martins
Keyword(s):  
Riparian Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Epiphytic Lichen

Taxonomic revision and morphological delimitation of Oxalis sect. Ripariae (Oxalidaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 529 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-159
Author(s):  
ANELISE NUERNBERG-SILVA ◽  
PEDRO FIASCHI
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Second Step ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
South American ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Phylogenetic Studies ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Near Threatened

Phylogenetic studies indicate that several infrageneric taxa in Oxalis require taxonomic updates to attain monophyly. In this contribution, we update the morphological delimitation of the South American Oxalis sect. Ripariae and provide a taxonomic revision of the currently accepted species. The sectional delimitation was carried out by comparing micro- and macromorphological features of Oxalis sect. Ripariae, O. sect. Corniculatae, and O. sect. Myriophyllum. These sections share yellow flowers and aerial stems. Glandular hairs and larger seeds with the surface longitudinally crested and with projections are exclusive to Oxalis sect. Ripariae. We accept 11 species in the section, including three previously placed in Oxalis sect. Corniculatae (i.e., O. eriocarpa, O. niederleinii, and O. refracta), but excluding O. serpens and O. subvillosa, which are moved to O. sect. Corniculatae. We also describe a new species (Oxalis lourteiginana), propose a new name and status for O. bifrons subsp. littoralis (now O. pampeana), the synonymization of O. irreperta with O. riparia, six second-step lectotypifications, and one epitypification. For each accepted species we provide a morphological description, illustrations, ecological and taxonomic information, conservation status following IUCN, and a geographic distribution map. Most species occur in southern Brazil, but the section is widespread also in Argentina, Uruguay, and eastern Paraguay. Six species are categorized as threatened and further three as near threatened. Besides, we provide an identification key for the taxa of the section.

Lurking in the Shadows: A New Species of Drypetes (Putranjivaceae) from Central Africa Hiding in Forest Plots and Herbaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Alejandro Quintanar ◽  
Patricia Barberá ◽  
Diosdado Nguema ◽  
Vicent Medjibe ◽  
Zoë A. Goodwin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Republic Of The Congo ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
A New Species

Here we publish a new species of forest tree of the genus Drypetes Vahl (Putranjivaceae), D. umbricola D. J. Harris & Quintanar, which has a wide distribution in Central Africa (Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and Republic of the Congo). It is known from 70 herbarium collections and additional sterile plot vouchers. A differential diagnosis, detailed morphological description, photographs, an illustration, and information about its habitat, distribution, and conservation status are provided.

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