scholarly journals SAMPLING OF CHEMICAL ATTRIBUTES IN FOREST SOILS

FLORESTA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 305
Author(s):  
Bruno Oliveira Lafetá ◽  
Tamires Mousslech Andrade Penido ◽  
Nivaldo De Souza Martins ◽  
Márcio Leles Romarco de Oliveira ◽  
Danielle Piuzana Mucida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Forest Soils ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Sample Error ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Composite Samples

Information about sample adequacy that represents soil chemical attributes distribution are fundamental for a better rationalization of the use of correctives and fertilizers. The objective was to evaluate the variability of these attributes and to size the minimum number of composite samples to represent the fertility of forest soils. The total area planted was 9,101ha, constituted of 265 commercial eucalypt stands. The 687 soil composite samples obtained were for chemical analysis. It was evaluated the performance of two exploratory analysis techniques and six sampling procedures. The attributes P, K, Ca, Mg and S presented higher coefficient of variation (>35%). In contrast, the distributions of Al, organic matter and, mainly, pH were the most homogeneous. The sample error was smaller as the amount of composite samples increased. The representative of all chemical attributes (sample error of 5%) was achieved with a minimum of 309 (one each 29ha, 1:29) and 295 (1:31) composite samples from sampling procedures simple casual and stratified by altitude class, respectively. Both procedures were promising for soil sampling, especially, when applying the boxplot for identification and removal of outliers.

scholarly journals Fertilidade do solo como indicador do efeito de borda em fragmento florestal, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 185
Author(s):  
Danilo Brito Novais ◽  
Joilson Silva Ferreira ◽  
Patrícia Anjos Bittencourt Barreto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Edge Effect ◽  
Base Saturation ◽  
Forest Fragment ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
The One ◽  
Composite Samples

Com a expansão da agricultura as florestas têm sido fragmentadas, modificando a dinâmica dos seus processos refletindo na fertilidade do solo. Esse estudo teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de borda na fertilidade do solo em um fragmento florestal na região Sudoeste da Bahia. Para isso a área foi dividida em faixas verticais iniciando 50 metros após a borda, adentrando até 300 metros no fragmento. Em cada uma das faixas foram tomadas 3 amostras compostas nas profundidades de 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm. Analisando os atributos químico e calculando a soma de bases, CTC a pH7 e a saturação por bases (V%). Também foram quantificados os teores de carbono orgânico (COT) nas áreas de estudo. Foram observadas diferenças na fertilidade do solo da borda para o interior do fragmento.  Verificou-se que os atributos Ca2+, H++Al3+, S, T, COT foram os mais sensíveis em relação ao efeito de borda. A área semi-interna (SI) distando 150-200 metros, de maneira geral foi a que apresentou os maiores valores de fertilidade do solo, possivelmente devido aos maiores teores de matéria orgânica acumulada.  Soil fertility as edge effect indicator in a forest fragment, Vitória da Conquista, BahiaAbstract: With the expansion of agriculture forests have been fragmented, changing the dynamics of their processes reflecting soil fertility. This study aimed to evaluate the edge effect on soil fertility in a forest fragment in the Southwest Bahia region. For this area was divided into vertical strips starting 50 meters after the border, entering up to 300 meters in the fragment. In each of the tracks were taken 3 composite samples at depths of 0-5, 5-10, 10-20 cm. Analyzing the chemical attributes and calculating the sum of bases, CTC at pH 7 and base saturation (V%). Also the organic carbon levels were quantified (COT) in the study areas. Differences were observed at the edge of soil fertility into the fragment. It was found that attributes, Ca2+, H++Al3+, S, T, COT were the most sensitive in relation to the edge effect. The semi-internal area (SI) 150-200 meters distant in general was the one with the highest soil fertility values, possibly due to higher levels of accumulated organic matter.

Soil Sampling Procedures for Chemical Analysis

2018 ◽  
pp. 162-175
Author(s):  
Modupe O. Akinola ◽  
Joyce Gosata Maphanyane ◽  
Read Brown Mthanganyika Mapeo
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Its Analysis ◽  
Specific Analysis ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Sampling Procedures

This chapter describes procedures used in soil sampling and its analysis; as well as why there is need to sample soils and for what purpose. We also describe the different types of soils present in nature and compare the different sampling regimes used in soil studies as well equipment's used, and the associated reagents necessary for a specific analysis. The chapter provides background information to scientists engaged in soil studies.

scholarly journals SITES AND SAMPLING TOOLS IN THE SOIL FERTILITY EVALUATION OF COFFEE PLANTS IN PRODUCTION

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 407
Author(s):  
José Ricardo Mantovani ◽  
José Antônio Lima ◽  
Ciro Pozzi Garcia ◽  
Tiago Teruel Rezende
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Sampling Point ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coffee Plants ◽  
Plant Stem ◽  
Definition Of

In soil sampling, the collection site and the tool used may induce errors that can compromise the results of the chemical analysis and, consequently, the definition of corrective and fertilizer doses. The objective in this study was to evaluate soil sampling sites and tools in a coffee growing area. The experiment was carried out in a field in the municipality of Alfenas-MG, in a 35-year coffee field. A randomized block design was used in a 3 x 5 factorial scheme and 4 replications, totaling 60 experimental units. The treatments consisted of 3 sampling sites: in the fertilizer strip (located in the projection of the plant canopy); between rows; and in the total area, with 1/3 of the samples collected under the canopy and close to the plant stem, 1/3 in the canopy projection and 1/3 collected between rows; and 5 sampling tools: Dutch auger; screw auger; probe; hoe and drill. Soil samples were collected at a depth of 0 to 0.2 m, and each composite sample was obtained by assembling and mixing 20 single samples. At each sampling point, an area of 2m<sup>2</sup> was delimited, in which simple samples were collected in all the evaluated places and with all the tools used. The following parameters were determined in the soil samples: pH in CaCl2; potential acidity (H+Al); organic matter; P, extracted by Mehlich; K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup>, Mg<sup>2+</sup> and base saturation. In a coffee-growing area, he fertilizer strip (canopy projection) has topsoil with higher acidity and lower contents of organic matter and nutrients P, K<sup>+</sup>, Ca<sup>2+</sup> and Mg<sup>2+</sup> than between rows. The tools used for soil sampling do not influence the results of soil chemical analysis in the coffee-growing area.

scholarly journals Soil chemical attributes restricting grain yield in Oxisols under no-tillage system

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 1203-1212
Author(s):  
Geomar Mateus Corassa ◽  
Antônio Luís Santi ◽  
Vanderlei Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
Felipe Arthur Baron ◽  
Geovane Boschmann Reimche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Sampling ◽  
High Yield ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Tillage System ◽  
Chemical Attributes

Abstract: The objective of this work was to identify soil chemical attributes restricting grain yield in Oxisols under the no-tillage system, using directed soil sampling. High, medium, and low yield zones were defined in two agricultural fields using historical yield data of several crops. The yield zones were defined based on the harvest maps of the following crops: corn in 2008/2009, white oat in 2009, and corn in 2012/2013 in field I, with 117.70 ha; and corn in 2009/2010, soybean in 2010/2011, and wheat in 2012 in field II, with 107.30 ha. Soil sampling points were georeferenced in each yield zone, where samples were collected at eight soil depths, spaced 0.05 m apart, totaling 80 variables. Low yields were associated with low cation exchange capacity, low phosphorus and organic matter contents, and high clay content. In both studied fields, the highest organic matter content in the subsurface layers was the main indicator of high yield. Soil sampling considering yield zones is an efficient strategy to identify chemical attributes restricting grain yield and also allows guiding more precise site-specific interventions.

Soil Sampling Procedures

EDIS ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davie Kadyampakeni ◽  
Kelly Morgan ◽  
Arnold Schumann ◽  
Rhuanito Ferrarezi ◽  
Jamie D Burrow
Keyword(s):  
Soil Sampling ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Fertilization Program ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Sampling Procedures ◽  
Soil And Water

To achieve optimal grove nutrition, citrus growers must test grove soil before beginning any fertilization program. Standard procedures for sampling, preparing, and analyzing soil should be followed for meaningful interpretations of the test results and accurate recommendations. This new two-page fact sheet, published by the UF/IFAS Department of Soil and Water Sciences, provides illustrated soil sampling procedures and tables to aid in basic interpretation of lab results. Written by Davie Kadyampakeni, Kelly Morgan, Arnold Schumann, and Rhuanito S. Ferrarezi.https://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/ss667

A microfluidic device enabling deterministic single cell trapping and release

Lab on a Chip ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huichao Chai ◽  
Yongxiang Feng ◽  
Fei Liang ◽  
Wenhui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Microfluidic Device ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Cell Isolation ◽  
Cell Trapping ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Single Cell Trapping ◽  
Single Cell Isolation ◽  
Made In

Successful single-cell isolation is a pivotal technique for subsequent biological and chemical analysis of single cells. Although significant advances have been made in single-cell isolation and analysis techniques, most passive...

A pedological study of phosphorus in 12 soils derived from granite

1961 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Wild
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Rock Weathering ◽  
Simple Correlation ◽  
Methods Of Calculation ◽  
Parent Rocks

Chemical analysis of 12 soil profiles on granite showed that all except two had lost phosphate by leaching. The loss of phosphorus from each profile is calculated in grams per sq centimetre of profile surface, and as a percentage of the amount originally present. Three methods of calculation are used, each being based on one of the following assumptions as to the changes which take place on rock weathering: that there is (a) no change in weight, (b) no change in volume, (c) no loss of zirconium. The three methods are generally consistent in showing which soils are the most leached and which are the least leached. The estimated loss of phosphorus from each profile depends on which assumption is made. There is no simple correlation between the loss of phosphorus and the present rainfall. Reasons which are suggested are that the soils differ in age, in level of organic matter, and possibly in the rates of weathering of the parent rocks. Up to two-thirds of the phosphorus retained in the soil is chemically bound by the free oxides of iron and aluminium.

scholarly journals Pinus afforestation in South Brazilian highlands: soil chemical attributes and organic matter composition

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah Pinheiro Dick ◽  
Simone Benvenuti Leite ◽  
Ricardo Simão Diniz Dalmolin ◽  
Henrique Cesar Almeida ◽  
Heike Knicker
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Exchangeable Cations ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Exotic Tree ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Below Ground ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
The Impact

In the last three decades, exotic tree species are being introduced in the natural pastures of the highlands located at the northeastern part of Rio Grande do Sul State (RS), Brazil. This alteration of land use may impart drastic changes in the soil attributes. In this context, this work aimed to evaluate the impact of Pinus taeda afforestation on soil chemical attributes and organic matter (SOM) composition in Leptosols from Campos de Cima da Serra, RS. Soil samples under eight year old (Pi8) and 30 year old (Pi30) Pinus plantations and under native pasture (NP) were studied. Contents of exchangeable cations and of micronutrients and soil pH were determined. The SOM composition was investigated by means of elemental analyses and FTIR spectroscopy. The soil under pasture had a higher content of nutrients and of SOM in comparison to Pinus soils, reflecting the higher input and decomposition rate of the below ground added residue in the grassland environment. The SOM in pasture soils showed a higher content of carbohydrate and of structures derived from microbial metabolism. Besides the depletion of nutrients and of SOM, Pinus afforestation affected the SOM quality: following afforestation, the proportion of chemically recalcitrant structures and of carboxylic groups increased, whereas N-containing groups decreased.

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