PHYSICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES OF NATIVE FOREST SEEDS AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON DIRECT SEEDING FOR RESTORATION OF CILIARY FOREST

Knowing the relationship between the physical and physiological characteristics of native forest seeds is essential for the successful recovery of riparian forests. Thus, the work was carried out to analyze the physical and physiological parameters of seeds of native forest species for use in the recovery of riparian forests by direct seeding. Were evaluated the physical quality (water content, mass, the weight of one thousand seeds, and the number of seeds per kilogram), morphometric characteristics (length, width, and thickness), and physiological quality in the laboratory (viability) of Cassia grandis L.f., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong., Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., and Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya (Benth.) LPQueiroz. The experiment in the field was implanted in a randomized block design (RBD) with four blocks, testing seeds treated to overcome the four species dormancy. The direct sowing was in 10 planting lines, each composed of 10 pits (30 x 30 x 30 cm), spaced 2.0 x 1.0 m. E. contortisiliquum seeds, despite having the highest values for physical and morphometric characteristics, and having a high percentage of germination, was the species with the lowest percentage of emergence in the field, being below G. ulmifolia, which has seeds of smaller size and weight, and L. ferrea var. leiostachya which, despite having low germination, was the second with the highest percentage of emergence. The study allowed us to observe that there was no direct relationship between the physical and physiological attributes of forest seeds and their ability to emerge.

Download Full-text

BEHAVIOR OF THE EMERGENCE OF NATIVE FOREST SEEDLINGS FOR THE PURPOSE OF RECOVERY OF THE RIPARIAN FOREST

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v49i1.56202 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 057

Author(s):

Janisson Batista de Jesus ◽

Robério Anastácio Ferreira ◽

Dráuzio Correia Gama

Keyword(s):

Riparian Forest ◽

Block Design ◽

Forest Recovery ◽

Native Forest ◽

Forest Species ◽

Riparian Areas ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Guazuma Ulmifolia ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Over Time

Understanding the behavior of the emergence of native forest seeds is essential to achieve greater successes in forest recovery. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the emergence of native forest species (Cassia grandis L.F., Cecropia pachystachya Trec., Enterolobium contortisiliquum (Vell.) Morong, Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., and Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya (Benth.) L.P.Queiroz.) in riparian areas of the Piauitinga River, in the municipality of Lagarto (state of Sergipe, Brazil). The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design (DBC) with four blocks in triple scheme (4 x 2 x 6): four forest species emerged (Cassia grandis, Enterolobium contortisiliquum, Guazuma ulmifolia, Libidibia ferrea var. leiostachya), with and without treatment to overcome dormancy, evaluated every fortnight for 90 days (6 periods). It was verified by the statistical analysis that the four species that had emergencies interacted in the two treatments used throughout the six evaluation periods. The species, in both treatments, presented a large number of seeds emerged in the first weeks after sowing, reducing over time. The species studied have a characteristic pattern of emergence over time, considering both seeds with and without treatment to overcome dormancy.

Download Full-text

ESTABLISHMENT OF NATIVE FOREST SPECIES IN RIPARIAN RECOVERY FOREST IN THE PIAUITINGA RIVER, SERGIPE, BRAZIL.

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v50i2.62987 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 1325

Author(s):

Dráuzio Correia Gama ◽

Robério Anastácio Ferreira ◽

Janisson Batista de Jesus

Keyword(s):

River Basin ◽

Riparian Forest ◽

Block Design ◽

Riparian Forests ◽

Forest Recovery ◽

Native Forest ◽

Forest Species ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Sapindus Saponaria ◽

Guazuma Ulmifolia

The riparian forests of the Piauitinga river Basin, Sergipe state, Brazil, are severely degraded, requiring urgent actions aimed their recovery. In this way, the present work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the establishment of native forest species, implanted in a degraded section of riparian forest of the Piauitinga river, in the municipality of Lagarto state of Sergipe, aiming the forest recovery of this area. It was performed the planting of five native forest species, including pioneers and non-pioneers specie, arranged in a randomized block design, in a total of 200 individuals, distributed in 10 individuals with spacing of 1,5m x 1,5m. The Guazuma ulmifolia Lam. species obtained the best results regarding survival, height (111.94 cm) and diameter at soil height (22.89 mm). Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., Tapirira guianensis Aubl. and Sapindus saponaria L. showed to be able to withstand the adversities of the studied environment, and can be recommended in future projects of recovery of the ciliary forests of that planning unit.

Download Full-text

Caracterização da Peneira Média em Clones de Coffea canephora

REVISTA FIMCA ◽

10.37157/fimca.v5i2.58 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 28-31

Author(s):

Darlan Darlan Sanches Barbosa Alves ◽

Victor Mouzinho Spinelli ◽

Marcos Santana Moraes ◽

Carolina Augusto De Souza ◽

Rodrigo da Silva Ribeiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Improvement ◽

Block Design ◽

Coffea Canephora ◽

Coffee Production ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Selection Of

Introdução: O estado de Rondônia se destaca como tradicional produtor de café, sendo o segundo maior produtor brasileiro de C. canephora. No melhoramento genético de C. canephora, a seleção de plantas de elevada peneira média está associada à bebida de qualidade superior. Objetivos: O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a variabilidade genética de clones de C. canephora para o tamanho dos grãos, mensurado a partir da avaliação da peneira média (PM). Materiais e Métodos: Para isso, foi conduzido ao longo de dois anos agrícolas experimento no campo experimental da Embrapa no município de Ouro Preto do Oeste-RO, para a avaliação da peneira média de 130 genótipos (clones) com características das variedades botânicas Conilon, Robusta e híbridos intervarietais. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições de quatro plantas por parcela. Resultados: Não houve resultados significativos para a interação clones X anos, indicando uma maior consistência no comportamento das plantas ao longo do tempo. Porém foram observadas diferenças significativas para o tamanho dos grãos entre os genótipos avaliados, possibilitando selecionar genótipos superiores. Conclusão: Os genótipos agruparam-se em cinco classes de acordo com o teste de média, subsidiando a caracterização de um gradiente de variabilidade da característica avaliada ABSTRACTIntroduction: Coffea canephora accounts for approximately 35% of the world's coffee production. The state of Rondônia stands out as a traditional coffee producer, being the second largest Brazilian producer of C. canephora. In the classical genetic improvement of C. anephora, the selection of plants of high average sieve is associated with a drink of superior quality. Objectives: The objective of this udy was to evaluate the genetic variability of Coffea canephora clones for the agronomic medium sieve (PM). Materials and Methods: The experiment was conducted in the experimental field of Embrapa, municipality of OuroPreto do Oeste-RO, located at coordinates 10º44'53 "S and 62º12'57". One hundred thirty genotypes (clones) of botanical characteristics Conilon, Robusta and intervarietal hybrids were evaluated in the agricultural years 2013-2014 and 2014-2015. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four blocks and four plants per plot, spacing 3.5 x 1.5 meters between plants. Results: Significant difference was found for the grain size. According to the F test, at 5% probability, the genotypes were grouped into five classes according to the mean test. Conclusion: The results obtained subsidized the characterization of a variability gradient of the evaluated trait.

Download Full-text

Yield and technological performance of sugarcane cultivars grown under Af climate conditions

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2020v41n1p73 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (1) ◽

pp. 73

Author(s):

Augusto Sousa Miranda ◽

Felipe Nogueira Domingues ◽

Bruno Spacek Godoy ◽

Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽

Cristian Faturi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Reducing Sugars ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Block Design ◽

High Yield ◽

Technological Parameters ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Sugarcane Crop ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Almost All

Sugarcane crops are grown in almost all regions of Brazil, in various types of soil and under the influence of different climate conditions, which results in diverse production environments as climate factors directly influence the yield and technological quality of a sugarcane crop. The present study evaluated the agronomic and technological characteristics of sugarcane cultivars grown in Af climate conditions. The agronomic traits (natural matter production and the number, length, and diameter of stalks) and technological attributes (Brix, purity, Pol, reducing sugars, total reducing sugars, moisture, and fiber content) of three sugarcane cultivars, IACSP93-6006, RB83-5486, and SP79-1011, were determined in a three-year experiment with a randomized block design using four blocks and two repetitions per block. The cultivars IACSP93-6006 and SP79-1011 exhibited superior agronomic traits compared to RB83-5486, showing better adaptation to the soil and climate conditions of the study area. However, the technological attributes, which were below the minimum standard levels required by the sugar and ethanol industry, were not statistically different among the studied cultivars. The abundant rainfall and high temperatures, characteristics of an Af climate, were not favorable for sucrose accumulation in the IACSP93-6006, RB83-5486, and SP79-1011 cultivars. Therefore, despite the high yield, sugarcane intended for industrial purposes should not be grown under Af climate conditions, owing to the insufficient technological parameters.

Download Full-text

Morfofisiologi Ratun Padi Sistem Tanam Benih Langsung di Lahan Pasang Surut

Jurnal Agronomi Indonesia (Indonesian Journal of Agronomy) ◽

10.24831/jai.v44i3.12908 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 228 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Evriani Mareza ◽

Zainal Ridho Djafar ◽

Rujito Agus Suwignyo ◽

Dan Andi Wijaya

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Crop Production ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Direct Seeding ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Tidal Swamp ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Cutting Height

ABSTRACT The morphophysiology of ratoon is different from the main plant of rice and was influenced by location and cultivation.This research was intended to evaluate morphophysiology characters of rice ratoon planted by direct seeding system in tidal swamp at various stubble cutting height. The experiment was conducted in November 2013-April 2014 at tidal swamp overflow type B in Telang Sari Village, District of Tanjung Lago, Banyuasin, South Sumatra Province. The experiment used randomized block design with 5 replications. Treatment was stubble cutting height 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 cm above the soil surface. Rice was planted at 4 m x 5 m plot, the distance between plot 1 m. Data were analyzed by test of variance and 5% HSD test. Morphophysiological characters of rice ratoon were influenced by stubble cutting height. Cutting height of 20-40 cm above soil surface increased the ratoon number of tillers per hill, leaf area per hill, dry weight per hill, percentage of empty grains per panicle, grain weight per hill and percentage ratoon/main crop production per hill. The higher stubble cutting, the lower the number of leaves per tiller, leaf area per tiller, carbohydrate content, and number of grains per panicle of ratoon, however it accelerated age of flowering and harvesting. Keywords: direct seeding system, ratoon system, rice growth and production, stubble cutting height

Download Full-text

QUALIDADE DE MUDAS DE COPAÍBA PRODUZIDAS EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS E NÍVEIS DE SOMBREAMENTO

FLORESTA ◽

10.5380/rf.v45i3.35686 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 45 (3) ◽

pp. 635 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Tiago Reis Dutra ◽

Paulo Henrique Grazziotti ◽

Reynaldo Campos Santana ◽

Marília Dutra Massad

Keyword(s):

Quality Index ◽

Block Design ◽

Seedling Quality ◽

Rice Hulls ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Copaifera Langsdorffii ◽

Four Blocks

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a influência de dois volumes de diferentes substratos e níveis de sombreamento sobre a qualidade de mudas de copaíba. O experimento foi conduzido por 130 dias em DBC casualizados no esquema fatorial 2 x 5, sendo avaliados dois volumes (180 e 280 cm³) dos substratos Bioplant®; 70% vermiculita + 30% casca de arroz carbonizada; 40% vermiculita + 30% casca de arroz carbonizada + 30% fibra de côco; 50% vermiculita + 30% casca de arroz carbonizada + 20% areia; e 70% vermiculita + 15% casca de arroz carbonizada + 15% vermicomposto. Essas dez combinações foram distribuídas aleatoriamente em quatro blocos com diferentes intensidades luminosas: 0, 30, 50 e 70% de sombreamento. O uso de 180 cm³ de substrato foi suficiente para produzir mudas de copaíba com bom desenvolvimento e índice de qualidade. Os substratos 70V+30CA, 40V+30CA+30FC, 50V+30CA+20A, 70V+15CA+15VC apresentaram-se superiores em relação ao Bioplant® para produção de mudas da espécie em estudo. Os resultados demonstraram que as mudas de copaíba comportaram-se de forma distinta em relação aos níveis de sombreamento avaliados, demonstrando possuírem grande plasticidade adaptativa.AbstractQuality of copaiba seedlings produced in two volumes of substrates and shading levels. This research aimed to evaluate the influence of two volumes of substrate and levels of shading on seedling quality of copaiba. The experiment was conducted for 130 days in a randomized block design in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, we evaluated two volumes (180 e 280 cm³) of the five following substrates: Bioplant®, 70% vermiculite + 30% carbonized rice hulls, 40% vermiculite + 30% carbonized rice hulls + 30% coir, 50% vermiculite + 30% carbonized rice hulls + 20% sand and 70% vermiculite + 15% carbonized rice hulls + 15% vermicompost residue textiles. These ten combinations were randomly distributed in four blocks, accordingly to the following distinct brightness: 0, 30, 50 and 70 percentages of shading. The use of 180 cm³ substrate was enough to produce seedlings of copaiba with good development and quality index. The substrates 70V+30CA, 40V+30CA+30FC, 50V+30CA+20A, and 70V+15CA+15VC showed slight superiority over Bioplant® for seedlings of such species. The results revealed that the copaiba seedlings behaved differently in relation to shading levels evaluated, it demonstrates they have great adaptive plasticity.Keywords: Copaifera langsdorffii; production of seedlings; levels of brightness; containers.

Download Full-text

Physiological attributes of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) influenced by different sources of nutrients at foothill of eastern Himalayan region

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v5i2.317 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 282-287

Author(s):

Ranjit Chatterjee

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Farmyard Manure ◽

Inorganic Fertilizers ◽

Area Index ◽

Nutrient Sources ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Matter Production ◽

Physiological Attributes ◽

Different Sources ◽

Positive Results

The present investigation was aimed to assess the influence of different organic manures (Farmyard manure and vermicompost), inorganic fertilizers and Azophos biofertilizer on different physiological attributes of tomato. The field experiment was conducted during 2005-06 and 2006-07 at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya (UBKV), Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India by combining 14 treatments in randomized block design with 3 replications. The results revealed that nutrient sources significantly influenced different physiological attributes as the chlorophyll content of leaves and LAI (Leaf area index) kept on increasing and peaked at 60 DAT(Days after transplanting) and 75 DAT respectively and declined thereafter. The dry matter production was highest at 75 DAT. Again application of vermicompost (4 t/ha) with 75% of inorganic fertilizers inoculated with biofertilizer resulted in significant improvement of physiological attributes as well as yield. Vermicompost emerged as better organic nutrient source over farmyard manure. Inoculation with biofertilizer exerted more positive results over uninoculated treatments and benefits of biofertilizer application were more in presence of vermicompost as compared to farmyard manure.

Download Full-text

Cultivation of forage sorghum varieties irrigated with saline effluent from fish-farming under semiarid conditions

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n5p461-465 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

pp. 461-465 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Miguel J. M. Guimarães ◽

Welson L. Simões ◽

José N. Tabosa ◽

José E. dos Santos ◽

Lilia Willadino

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Block Design ◽

Fish Farming ◽

Fresh Matter ◽

Forage Sorghum ◽

Yield Increase ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Leaching Fraction ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Semiarid Conditions

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the cultivation of forage sorghum subjected to different leaching fractions with saline effluent from fish-farming under semiarid conditions. The experiment was set in a randomized block design, with four blocks, in split plots, composed of four leaching fractions (0; 5; 10 and 15%) and three forage sorghum varieties ('Volumax', 'F305' and 'Sudão'). Irrigation was performed using saline effluent from fish farming with electrical conductivity of 2.5 dS m-1. The analyzed variables were: plant height; stem diameter; width, length and number of leaves; fresh and dry matter yield, and relative contents of potassium and sodium in the shoots. Forage sorghum under saline effluent irrigation and leaching fraction of 15% shows a yield increase of 25%, in comparison to sorghum without the leaching fraction. The variety 'Volumax' was more sensitive to salinity than the others, since it showed lower shoot growth and low values of leaf area, fresh matter and dry matter.

Download Full-text

Chicory yield influenced by seedling quality and growing environment

Horticultura Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0102-053620200216 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 224-229

Author(s):

Luís Gustavo de S e Souza ◽

Regina Lúcia F Ferreira ◽

Sebastião Elviro de Araújo Neto ◽

Nilciléia M da Silva ◽

Thays L Uchôa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Block Design ◽

Seedling Quality ◽

Coconut Fiber ◽

Field Phase ◽

Direct Sunlight ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Growing Environment ◽

Four Blocks ◽

Commercial Yield

ABSTRACT The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of chicory seedlings in organic substrata and their influence on yield and commercial yield in a protected environment and under direct sunlight. Seedling and field production experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four blocks. In the first experiment, seedlings were produced on substrata by alternating the conditioner: 1) dry coconut fiber + blend (soil, organic compost, charcoal); 2) carbonized rice husk + blend; 3) crushed ouricuri stem + blend; 4) decomposed kapok stem + blend and 5) commercial substratum. Sufficient seedlings were produced for the evaluations and transplantation. In the field phase, two experiments were evaluated, one in a protected environment and another under direct sunlight. The commercial and ouricuri substrata produced seedlings with the same quality and biomass index, but above to the others. The yield (0.89 kg m-2) and commercial yield (68.29 packs m-2) in the protected environment are not affected by seedling quality. In the direct sunlight cultivation, the yield is higher when using seedlings produced with the commercial (0.75 kg m-2), ouricuri (1.07 kg m-2), or kapok substrata (0.74 kg m-2).

Download Full-text

LEAF EMERGENCE, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PHOTOSYNTHETIC CHARACTERISTICS IN FRUITED AND DEFLOWERED STRAWBERRY

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.613e ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 613e-613

Author(s):

Chuhe Chen ◽

J. Scott Cameron ◽

Stephen F. Klauer ◽

Paul W. Foote

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Fruit Development ◽

Block Design ◽

Photosynthetic Characteristics ◽

Green Fruit ◽

Maturity Stages ◽

Leaf Emergence ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Fruit Maturity ◽

Four Blocks

After anthesis, date of leaf emergence was recorded in fruited plants (F) and deflowered plants (DF) of `Totem' strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa), which were grown in a randomized block design with four blocks in a greenhouse. Two different regression models were fitted to describe leaf emergence rate (LER) after anthesis for F and DF (R2 = 0.826 and 0.916, respectively). The LER of F decreased during the fruit development, and accelerated and exceeded DF after fruit maturity, then both dropped when the growth season was ending. Physiological and photosynthetic characteristics were measured on leaves from F and DF at green fruit, red fruit, and after fruit maturity stages. Newly expanded leaves had significantly higher gas exchange rates, specific leaf weight, chlorophyll a and b contents but lower a/b ratio than the older leaves both during and after fruit development. They also had higher amplitudes of Ca 693 but lower peaks at Ca 684 and Cb 649 in their fourth-derivative chlorophyll spectra. Leaf chlorophyll a content and CO2 assimilation rate decreased after fruit maturity. Plants at red fruit stage had higher chlorophyll b content than at green fruit and after fruit maturity stages. The LERs of the second and third leaves emerged after anthesis were most seriously affected by fruit development. They showed greater photosynthetic activity than other leaves in the canopy during fruit development and were thus important to fruit yield.

Download Full-text