Gastrointestinal manifestations in American minority population with COVID-19

The present chapter provides a review of some of the primary psychological issues confronting sexual minorities (i.e., individuals with same-sex attractions and relationships). Our goal is to provide a flexible set of preliminary questions that can be used to help sexual-minority clients to articulate their own idiosyncratic experiences and give voice to their own unique needs. We begin by addressing two of the most common and important clinical issues faced by sexual minorities: generalized “minority stress” and acceptance and validation from the family of origin. We then turn attention to the vast—and vastly underinvestigated—population of individuals with bisexual attractions and behavior, who actually constitute the majority of the sexual-minority population, despite having been systematically excluded from most prior research. We review the increasing body of research suggesting that individuals with bisexual patterns of attraction and behavior actually face greater mental health risks than those with exclusive same-sex attractions and behavior, and we explore potential processes and mechanisms underlying this phenomenon, focusing particular attention on issues of identity development and transition over the life span. We conclude by outlining a number of areas for future clinically oriented research.

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DECONSTRUCTING THE MODEL-MINORITY MYTH OF U.S. ASIANS: DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ELDER MISTREATMENT

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2792 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S760-S760

Author(s):

XinQi Dong ◽

Melissa Simon

Keyword(s):

Family Relationships ◽

Model Minority ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Health Concern ◽

Community Research ◽

Minority Population ◽

Model Minority Myth ◽

Elder Mistreatment ◽

Population Based Study

Abstract Elder mistreatment (EM) is increasingly recognized as a global health concern. Among U.S. minority and immigrant populations, the social contexts and psychological consequences associated with EM remain poorly understood. Further population-based epidemiological studies using standard EM measures are required to advance the field. To address this gap and to challenge prior assumptions regarding Asian populations, this purpose of this symposium is to improve our understanding of EM epidemiology in an older minority population. Data were drawn from the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE), a longitudinal, representative, population-based study of 3,157 community-dwelling Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area. Session 1 will examine the transmission between child mistreatment, intimate partner violence, and EM. Session 2 will take a typology approach to capture the multifaceted family relationships, and will further examine which family typologies were associated with greater likelihood of EM, while which typologies were protective against EM. Session 3 will explore the positive and negative aspects of social support from spouse, family, and friends in relationship to EM subtypes, including psychological, physical, financial and sexual mistreatment, and caregiver neglect. Session 4 will examine the relationship between broad, moderate, and strict definitions of EM and likelihood of experiencing anxiety. Last, Session 5 will explore the differential relationships between EM subtypes and depressive symptoms. In summation, this symposium challenges popular conceptions of the “model minority myth” and aims to increase the practical and clinical relevance of EM epidemiology in community, research, healthcare, and policy settings.

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Biochemical abnormalities in COVID-19: a comparison of white versus ethnic minority populations in the UK

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207446 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jclinpath-2021-207446

Author(s):

David R Taylor ◽

Devon Buchanan ◽

Wiaam Al-Hasani ◽

Jessica Kearney ◽

Tina Mazaheri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Intensive Care ◽

Ethnic Minority ◽

Ethnic Minorities ◽

Troponin T ◽

Minority Group ◽

Patient Data ◽

Minority Population ◽

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase ◽

Ethnic Minority Population ◽

Glutamyl Transferase

AimsPublic Health England has identified that in COVID-19, death rates among ethnic minorities far exceeds that of the white population. While the increase in ethnic minorities is likely to be multifactorial, to date, no studies have looked to see whether values for routine clinical biochemistry parameters differ between ethnic minority and white individuals.MethodsBaseline biochemical data for 22 common tests from 311 SARS-CoV-2 positive patients presenting to hospital in April 2020 in whom ethnicity data were available was retrospectively collected and evaluated. Data comparisons between ethnic minority and white groups were made for all patient data and for the subset of patients subsequently admitted to intensive care.ResultsWhen all patient data were considered, the ethnic minority population had statistically significant higher concentrations of C reactive protein (CRP), aspartate aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase, while troponin T was higher in the white group. A greater proportion of ethnic minority patients were subsequently admitted to intensive care, but when the presenting biochemistry of this subset of patients was compared, no significant differences were observed between ethnic minority and white groups.ConclusionOur data show for the first time that routine biochemistry at hospital presentation in COVID-19 differs between ethnic minority and white groups. Among the markers identified, CRP was significantly higher in the ethnic minority group pointing towards an increased tendency for severe inflammation in this group.

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Cardiovascular disease risk factors of ultra-Orthodox Jewish women in Israel: a comparison study

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.735 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

E Leiter ◽

K L Greenberg ◽

M Donchin ◽

O Keidar ◽

S Siemiatycki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

General Population ◽

Secondhand Smoke ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Orthodox Jewish ◽

Minority Population ◽

Secondhand Smoke Exposure ◽

Community Based ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Women from low socio-economic, culturally insular populations are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The ultra-Orthodox Jewish (UOJ) community in Israel is a difficult to access, rapidly growing low socio-economic, insular minority with numerous obstacles to health. The current study investigates CVD-related risk factors (RF) in a sample of OUJ women, comparing sample characteristics with the general population. Addressing the questions, 'Are UOJ women at increased risk for CVD?', 'Which RFs should be addressed beyond the general population's?', this study can inform public health initiatives (PHI) for this and similar populations. Methods Self-administered questionnaires completed by a cluster randomized sample of 239 women from a UOJ community included demographics, fruit, vegetables, and sweetened drink consumption, secondhand smoke exposure, physical activity (PA) engagement, and BMI. Population statistics utilized for comparison of demographic and cardiovascular risk factors were obtained from government-sponsored national surveys. Results Compared with the general population, UOJ women were less likely to consume 5 fruits and vegetables a day (12.7% vs. 24.3%, p<.001) and more likely to consume > 5 cups of sweetened beverages a day (18.6% vs. 12.6%, p=.019). UOJ women also reported less secondhand smoke exposure (7.2% vs. 51.4%, p<.001) and higher rates of PA recommendation adherence (60.1% vs. 25.6%, p<.0001) than the general population. Obesity was higher in UOJ women (24.3% vs. 16.1%, p<.0001). Conclusions This study suggests that PHIs in this population target healthy weight maintenance, nutrition, and PA. As a consequence of this study, the first CVD prevention intervention has been implemented in this population, targeting the identified RFs. Utilizing a mixed methods and community-based participatory approach, this innovative 3-year intervention reached over 2,000 individuals. Key messages This study identified nutrition risk behaviors and high levels of obesity in a difficult to access, minority population. This study informed the planning and implementation of a community-based PHI.

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Luminal Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis

Current Gastroenterology Reports ◽

10.1007/s11894-021-00806-5 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Samuel J Burton ◽

Christine Hachem ◽

James M. Abraham

Keyword(s):

Cystic Fibrosis ◽

Gastrointestinal Manifestations

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Bowel necrosis in patient with severe case of COVID-19: a case report

BMC Surgery ◽

10.1186/s12893-021-01104-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Ardian Soeselo ◽

Wirawan Hambali ◽

Sandy Theresia

Keyword(s):

Case Report ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Critically Ill ◽

High Mortality ◽

Severe Case ◽

Bowel Necrosis ◽

Case Presentation ◽

Gastrointestinal Manifestations ◽

Emergent Laparotomy

Abstract Background In patients who are critically ill with COVID-19, multiple extrapulmonary manifestations of the disease have been observed, including gastrointestinal manifestations. Case presentation We present a case of a 65 year old man with severe COVID-19 pneumonia that developed hypercoagulation and peritonitis. Emergent laparotomy was performed and we found bowel necrosis in two sites. Conclusions Although rare, the presentation of COVID-19 with bowel necrosis requires emergency treatments, and it has high mortality rate.

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Why a Consideration of Race is Important to Medical School Admissions

The Journal of Law Medicine & Ethics ◽

10.1017/jme.2021.28 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (2) ◽

pp. 181-189

Author(s):

Nancy L. Zisk

Keyword(s):

Health Disparities ◽

Medical School ◽

People Of Color ◽

Minority Population ◽

Medical School Admissions ◽

Lack Of Physicians

AbstractThe tremendous toll that COVID-19 has taken on this country’s minority population is the most recent reminder of the health disparities between people of color and people who classify themselves as white. There are many reasons for these disparities, but one that gets less attention than it deserves is the lack of physicians of color available to treat patients of color.

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