Optimisasi Dosis dan Kualitas Citra CT-Scan untuk Variasi Pitch sebagai Upaya Proteksi Radiasi di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Adam Malik Medan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-21
Author(s):  
Josepa ND Simanjuntak ◽  
◽  
Martua Damanik ◽  
Elvita Rahmi Daulay
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Water Phantom ◽  
Image Optimization ◽  
Abdomen Ct ◽  
High Quality Image ◽  
Ct Head ◽  
Questionnaire Form

Optimization is an effort to ensure patient radiation safety and is the main action in overcoming concerns about CT-Scan radiation exposure. This led to the emergence of various measures to reduce the dose. This study aims to obtain a minimal dose with a high-quality image. Optimization efforts were carried out by the radiology team at Adam Malik Hospital Medan using a 16 slice GE CT-Scan and a water phantom with a diameter of 16 and 32 cm and an image quality questionnaire form. Collected data by observing the head, chest, and abdomen CT-Scan in adult patients (≥15 years). The data taken is the value of CTDI vol and DLP for a year. Then a water phantom scan was carried out with the head protocol using pitch parameters 0.562 and 0.938. The chest and abdomen use pitches of 1.375 and 1.75. The results obtained were evaluated and applied to patients, then filled in the image quality questionnaire scores. The results of CTDI_vol and DLP values with 16 and 32 cm water phantom scans showed a decrease in the dose value; for pitch 0.938, it was 1.6% lower than pitch 0.562, and pitch 1.75 was 1.2% lower, compared to pitch 1.375. For CT head examination using a pitch of 0.963, the CTDI_vol value was 1.5%, and DLP was 2%. For chest using a pitch of 1.75, CTDI_vol values were 1.3% and DLP 2%, while abdominal examination with a pitch of 1.75 obtained CTDI_vol values 1.8% and DLP 1.4%. From these three results, the CTDI_vol and DLP values were higher than the national DRL values. The value obtained is higher than the national DRL due to differences in the phantom test protocol with clinical implementation and the lack of accuracy in using other parameters. Changes in scan parameters are not comprehensive. Obtained a score of 3 in the questionnaire form stating that the radiology doctor can still interpret the image. This study concluded that it could make optimization efforts by changing the pitch parameter by paying attention to other parameters without reducing the quality of the image interpreted by the radiologist.

scholarly journals Analisis Perubahan kV dan mAs terhadap Kualitas Gambar dan Dosis Radiasi pada Pemeriksaan Multislice Computed Tomography Abdomen dalam Kasus Tumor Abdomen di Instalasi Radiologi RSUD dr. Saiful Anwar Malang

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-133
Author(s):  
Ardi Soesilo Wibowo ◽  
Gatot Murti Wibowo ◽  
Anang Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Tube Voltage ◽  
Abdominal Tumor ◽  
Abdomen Ct ◽  
Voltage Variation

Backgroud: Examination of the abdomen CT scan is often done by using standard protocol, meanwhile the actual parameter can be modified according to local needs considering image quality and radiation dose based on Karabulut and Ariyuek (2016). Abdomen CT Scan by GE 16 slices unit in Radiology Instaallation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital, using exposure factor of 120 kV, 234 mAs and the value of the CTDI dose was 53.04 mGy. While the BAPETEN’s reference of CTDI value, a CT scan of abdomen was 25 mGy.  This study aims to determine the changes of the value of kV and mAs to the image quality and the radiaton dose in the abdomen MSCT examination on abdominal tumor case in Radiology Installation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital.Methods: This research was a quantitative research with an experimental approach. The data were collected from three variations of tube voltage (kV) ie 100 kV, 120 kV and 140 kV and three variations of tube current value and time (mAs) ie, 180 mAs, 195 mAs, and 210 mAs. Radiographs was evaluated by three radiology physicians. Data were analyzed by scoring method of respondent’s assessment to assess MSCT image quality of abdominal tumor, while the radiation dose was obtained by CTDI recording.Results: The results showed that there was influence of tube voltage variation to image quality of abdominal tumor using MSCT unit. The higher kV used, the higher image quality resulted. From the calculation of the percentage from the assessment, the highest score of variation was at 140 kV, while the lowest score of variation was at 100 kV. Based on the recording CTDI radiation dose on the monitor, found that the higher value of kV, the higher radiation resulted. The mAs variations influenced the image quality of abdominal tumor using MSCT unit. Acoording to the percentage of the assessment, the highest score of variation found in 210 mAs, and the lowest score of variation found in 180 mAs. Based on the recording of radiation dose on the monitor, the higher mAs value, the higher radiation dose using MSCT unit. It was recommended to use 195 kV and 120 mAs for MSCT examination of abdominal tumor in Radiology Installation of Dr. Saiful Anwar Malang Hospital.Conclusion: There was influence of kV and mAs variation to anatomical image clarity and radiation dose of abdomen MSCT examination

scholarly journals Outcome Prediction in Patients of Traumatic Brain Injury Based on Midline Shift on CT Scan of Brain

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrikant Govindrao Palekar ◽  
Manish Jaiswal ◽  
Mandar Patil ◽  
Vijay Malpathak
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Emergency Setting ◽  
Midline Shift ◽  
Ct Head ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Gcs Score

Abstract Background Clinicians treating patients with head injury often take decisions based on their assessment of prognosis. Assessment of prognosis could help communication with a patient and the family. One of the most widely used clinical tools for such prediction is the Glasgow coma scale (GCS); however, the tool has a limitation with regard to its use in patients who are under sedation, are intubated, or under the influence of alcohol or psychoactive drugs. CT scan findings such as status of basal cistern, midline shift, associated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and intraventricular hemorrhage are useful indicators in predicting outcome and also considered as valid options for prognostication of the patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), especially in emergency setting. Materials and Methods 108 patients of head injury were assessed at admission with clinical examination, history, and CT scan of brain. CT findings were classified according to type of lesion and midline shift correlated to GCS score at admission. All the subjects in this study were managed with an identical treatment protocol. Outcome of these patients were assessed on GCS score at discharge. Result Among patients with severe GCS, 51% had midline shift. The degree of midline shift in CT head was a statistically significant determinant of outcome (p = 0.023). Seventeen out of 48 patients (35.4%) with midline shift had poor outcome as compared with 8 out of 60 patients (13.3%) with no midline shift. Conclusion In patients with TBI, the degree of midline shift on CT scan was significantly related to the severity of head injury and resulted in poor clinical outcome.

A study on the change in image quality before and after an attenuation correction with the use of a CT image in a SPECT/CT scan

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (12) ◽  
pp. 2060-2067
Author(s):  
Yong-Soon Park ◽  
Woo-Hyun Kim ◽  
Dong-Oh Shim ◽  
Ho-Sung Kim ◽  
Woon-Kwan Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Attenuation Correction ◽  
Ct Image ◽  
Before And After

scholarly journals Image Quality Differences In CT Scan Thorax By Using Slice Thickness Variation

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Samsun Samsun ◽  
Legia Prananto ◽  
Novita Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Image Quality ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Spatial Resolution ◽  
Optimal Parameter ◽  
Thickness Variation ◽  
Slice Thickness ◽  
Picture Quality ◽  
Thorax Ct ◽  
Research Show ◽  
Selection Of

The picture quality get from CT Scan of Thorax which required optimal parameter selection that’s right, one of them the selection of slice thickness. The method taken from theses that have been publish in the year 2013. The results of the research show the percentage of the value of the average spatial resolution of 2.5 mm slice thickness is (33.3%), noise (17.8%), artefact (1%). On the thickness of the slices 5 mm spatial resolution is (17%), noise (8.9%), artefacts (0%). On the thickness of slices of 7.5 mm spatial resolution is (8.9%), noise (11.1%), artefacts (53.3%). While the thickness of the slices the spatial resolution is 10 mm (8.9%), noise (22.2%), artefacts (68.9%). Based on the research results obtained the conclusion that thickness 2.5 mm slices on Thorax CT-Scan images produce better picture quality than with the thickness of the slices 5 mm, 7.5 mm, 10 mm, because the spatial resolution is more clear so as to reduce noise and artifacts.

How much is the effective dose from medical imaging in pediatric patients in the neurosurgery department?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Zeinali-Rafsanjani ◽  
S. Haseli ◽  
R. Jalli ◽  
M. Saeedi-Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Ionizing Radiation ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Effective Dose ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Plain Radiographs ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Abdomen Ct

Medical imaging with ionizing radiation in pediatric patients is rising, and their radiation sensitivity is 2–3 times more than adults. The objective of this study was to estimate the total effective dose (ED) of all medical imaging by CT scan and plain radiography in patients in pediatric neurosurgery department. Patients with at least one brain CT scan and recorded dose length product (DLP) were included. Patients’ imaging data were collected from the picture-archiving-and-communicating system (PACS) using their national code to find all their medical imaging. Total ED (mSv) from CT scans and plain radiographs were calculated. A total of 300 patients were included, of which 129 were females and 171 males with a mean age of 5.45 ± 4.34 years. Mean DLPs of brain, abdomen, and chest CT were 329.16, 393.06, 284.46 mGy.cm. The most frequent CT scans in these children were brain CT scans with ED range of 0.09 to 47.09 mSv. Total ED due to all CT scans and plain radiographs were in the range of 0.38 to 63.41 mSv. Although the mean DLP of each brain, chest, and abdomen CT of patients was in the range of DRLs reported by previous studies, the patients with numerous CT scans received more radiation doses than mean ED (6.21 mSv between all age groups). The most frequent CT scan was the brain, and the most frequent plain radiographs were chest and lower extremities. It can be concluded that reducing the number of CT scans or plain radiographs by appropriate physical exams or replacing them with modalities that do not use ionizing radiation can reduce ED.

scholarly journals Reducing cranial computed tomography effective radiation dose by 30% using adaptive iterative dose reduction

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 230-234
Author(s):  
Wai-Yung Yu ◽  
Thye Sin Ho ◽  
Henry Ko ◽  
Wai-Yee Chan ◽  
Serene Ong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Dose ◽  
Dose Reduction ◽  
Diagnostic Image Quality ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Effective Radiation Dose ◽  
Diagnostic Image ◽  
Ct Head ◽  
Effective Radiation

Introduction: The use of computed tomography (CT) imaging as a diagnostic modality is increasing rapidly and CT is the dominant contributor to diagnostic medical radiation exposure. The aim of this project was to reduce the effective radiation dose to patients undergoing cranial CT examination, while maintaining diagnostic image quality. Methods: Data from a total of 1003, 132 and 27 patients were examined for three protocols: CT head, CT angiography (CTA), and CT perfusion (CTP), respectively. Following installation of adaptive iterative dose reduction (AIDR) 3D software, tube current was lowered in consecutive cycles, in a stepwise manner and effective radiation doses measured at each step. Results: Baseline effective radiation doses for CT head, CTA and CTP were 1.80, 3.60 and 3.96 mSv, at currents of 300, 280 and 130–150 mA, respectively. Using AIDR 3D and final reduced currents of 160, 190 and 70–100 mA for CT head, CTA and CTP gave effective doses of 1.29, 3.18 and 2.76 mSv, respectively. Conclusion: We demonstrated that satisfactory reductions in the effective radiation dose for CT head (28.3%), CTA (11.6%) and CTP (30.1%) can be achieved without sacrificing diagnostic image quality. We have also shown that iterative reconstruction techniques such as AIDR 3D can be effectively used to help reduce effective radiation dose. The dose reductions were performed within a short period and can be easily achievable, even in busy departments.

scholarly journals Assessment of 4D Ultrasound Systems for Image-guided Radiation Therapy – Image Quality, Framerates and CT Artifacts

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 245-248
Author(s):  
Svenja Ipsen ◽  
Ralf Bruder ◽  
Verónica García-Vázquez ◽  
Achim Schweikard ◽  
Floris Ernst
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
Image Guidance ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Clinical Implementation ◽  
Metal Artifacts ◽  
Image Guided Radiation Therapy ◽  
4D Ultrasound ◽  
Matrix Array

Abstract4D ultrasound (4D US) is gaining relevance as a tracking method in radiation therapy (RT) with modern matrix array probes offering new possibilities for real-time target detection. However, for clinical implementation of USguided RT, image quality, volumetric framerate and artifacts caused by the probe’s presence during planning and / or setup computed tomography (CT) must be quantified. We compared three diagnostic 4D US systems with matrix array probes using a commercial wire phantom to measure spatial resolution as well as a calibration and a torso phantom to assess different image quality metrics. CT artifacts were quantified in the torso phantom by calculating the total variation and percentage of affected voxels between a reference CT scan and CT scans with probes in place. We found that state-of-the-art 4D US systems with small probes can fit inside the CT bore and cause fewer metal artifacts than larger probes. US image quality varies between systems and is task-dependent. Volume sizes and framerates are much higher than the commercial guidance solution for US-guided RT, warranting further investigation regarding clinical performance for image guidance.

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