High Occupancy Toll Lane Performance Under Alternative Pricing Policies

2012 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Light
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Revenue Generation ◽  
Pricing Policies ◽  
Time Costs ◽  
Generation Level ◽  
Operating Policies ◽  
Hot Lanes ◽  
High Occupancy Toll

This paper explores how alternative pricing and operating policies influence revenue generation, level of service, and travel time costs for high occupancy toll (HOT) lane facilities. A framework for modeling HOT lanes is applied to a hypothetical facility. The analysis suggests that the way in which tolls are set can have a non-trivial influence on competing measures of HOT lane performance. Other operating characteristics, such as the number of lanes designated as free and priced and whether carpools are allowed to ride free or must pay a toll to access the HOT lanes, are shown to significantly influence performance as well.

Dynamic Traffic Assignment in Design and Evaluation of High-Occupancy Toll Lanes

2000 ◽  
Vol 1733 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed F. Abdelghany ◽  
Khaled F. Abdelghany ◽  
Hani S. Mahmassani ◽  
Pamela M. Murray
Keyword(s):  
Network Performance ◽  
Traffic Assignment ◽  
Dynamic Traffic Assignment ◽  
Access Point ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Dynamic Traffic ◽  
Route Choice Behavior ◽  
South Central ◽  
Hot Lanes ◽  
High Occupancy Toll

Application of a dynamic traffic assignment-simulation methodology to the analysis and evaluation of network performance under various schemes for the design and operation of high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes is described. The DYNASMART traffic simulation-assignment model, which combines the ability to simulate traffic flow and to represent dynamic route choice behavior, is used to model the problem. Different dimensions for the design and operation of HOT lanes are considered in this study, including ( a) lane utilization in terms of adding a new lane or using an existing lane of the facility as a HOT lane; ( b) physical separation of the HOT lane in terms of access point frequency; ( c) access restriction based on vehicle occupancy; ( d) HOT lane pricing structure, which may be fixed or congestion dependent; and ( e) different demand levels with different percentages of high-occupancy vehicles (HOV). A set of experiments was designed to compare the performance of the HOT lanes and the total network under these different operating characteristics. A network in Texas that represents the south central part of the Fort Worth area is used in these experiments. The results were analyzed under each of these different operating characteristics, yielding useful insights for the design and evaluation of HOT lanes.

scholarly journals The Impact of Transit Oriented Development Apartment Building to Pedestrian's Level of Service in Pondok Cina Station Using Microscopic Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 05003
Author(s):  
Randy Asad Pradana ◽  
R. Jachrizal Sumabrata
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Service Level ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Transit Oriented Development ◽  
Total Change ◽  
Result Show ◽  
Microscopic Modeling ◽  
The Impact

The construction of the TOD apartment at the Pondok Cina Station will have an impact on the level of service at the venue. This has a positive impact because there is an increase in KRL users, but it also has the potential to cause problems due to the increased volume. This study aims to analyze the impact of TOD station Pondok Cina apartment development on station service level in 2022 condition and find the best solution to improve service level. The station model is created using PTV VISWALK 10. Validation testing is needed to determine the model is acceptable or not by comparing the model results and actual conditions in the field. Analysis of service level using HCM as a reference. There are several models performed, such as the condition of existing year 2018, condition year 2022 without apartment, condition 2022 with apartment, and alternative condition. Alternative conditions of total change in Pondok Cina station. After the simulation, see the performance of all models based on service level and travel time. The result show given the influence of the apartment, if nothing is done then the level of service worsens from LOS B to LOS E while travel time increases drastically from 78 seconds to 429 seconds by 2022.

Accounting for composite travel time distributions within a traffic stream in determining Level-of-Service

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 955-965 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Anderson ◽  
Wonho Suh ◽  
Angshuman Guin ◽  
Michael Hunter ◽  
Michael O. Rodgers
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Traffic Stream

scholarly journals A BI-LEVEL FRAMEWORK FOR PRICING OF HIGH-OCCUPANCY TOLL LANES

Transport ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kitae Jang ◽  
Myoung Kyun Song ◽  
Keechoo Choi ◽  
Dong-Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Delay ◽  
Successful Operation ◽  
Total Travel Time ◽  
Hot Lanes ◽  
Varying Demand ◽  
High Occupancy Toll

As a freeway operational management strategy, High-Occupancy Toll (HOT) lanes have been deployed to manage the demand for High-Occupancy Vehicle (HOV) lanes by adjusting the tolls. By doing so, the capacity of freeways with such lanes can be used more efficiently. Periodically, setting the right amount of toll in accordance with the time-varying demand is a key to successful operation of HOT lanes; however, this is often difficult because travellers have heterogeneous willingness to pay for the toll and traffic conditions vary as the demand changes due to the imposition of tolls. This paper proposed an algorithm to determine the optimal level of toll for minimizing the total delay collectively spent by both HOVs and low-occupancy vehicles. Based on real-world traffic and survey data obtained from Gyungbu expressway in South Korea, a case study is presented to verify the applicability of the developed algorithm. The results from the case study show that the proactive dynamic pricing scheme can use the underutilized capacity of HOT lane efficiently and, thereby, shorten total travel time by 22% and generate revenue of more than $8600. Some limitations and future research agendas are also discussed.

A Regional Supply and Demand Model for Inpatient Hospital Care

1992 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 1097-1116 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Bikker ◽  
A F de Vos
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Hospital Care ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Regional Economics ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Market Equilibrium ◽  
Hospital Utilization ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Time Costs ◽  
Supply And Demand Model

In this paper a regional supply and demand model for hospital admissions is developed which can be used for policymaking and planning purposes. It incorporates spatial factors such as travel-time costs into a model of market equilibrium in which waiting time acts implicitly as the equilibrating device. By distinguishing travel-time costs or distances it is shown that both supply and demand within local markets strongly influence admissions in a way which cannot be observed on aggregated levels: the tension between supply and demand is cushioned by a strong redistribution of patients. The model encompasses several well-known models for patient flows and hospital utilization originating in regional economics.

scholarly journals Estimation of the Spatial Impact of the Pohang Earthquake on Regional Economies: Development of the SCGE Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 269-279
Author(s):  
Euijune Kim ◽  
Byula Kim ◽  
Dong Keun Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Travel Time ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Regional Economies ◽  
Spatial Effects ◽  
Demand Model ◽  
Time Costs ◽  
Computational General Equilibrium ◽  
Regional Product ◽  
Production Capacities

This study analyzes the spatial effects of the Pohang earthquake on regional economies by developing a spatial computational general equilibrium (SCGE) model. The model is composed of regional modules of production and consumption and is linked with a transport demand model at the city and county levels. The effects are measured using changes in the gross regional product (GRP) derived from increases in travel time costs from the collapse of road networks by an earthquake. Three scenarios are considered in this study in terms of external shocks to changes in production capacities (capital stocks) and travel time costs. Counter-factual experiments show that the earthquake in Pohang may have led to economic losses in other regions besides the area in which the earthquake occurred. Results showed a decline in gross domestic product by 0.58%, GRP by 3.69% for southern Daegu in zones directly influenced by the earthquake, and 0.64% for capital regions in zones indirectly influenced by the earthquake. These negative outcomes on the economies depended on much more direct damage to production facilities rather than indirect damage such as the collapse of road networks after an earthquake.

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