scholarly journals AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Abundance and Activation is increased with the β-Adrenergic agonist Zilpaterol Hydrochloride in Muscle from Feedlot Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bradley Joseph Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Mrna Abundance ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Zilpaterol Hydrochloride ◽  
Igf I

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of Zilpaterol Hydrochloride (ZH) on myogenic or adipogenic gene and protein expression in skeletal muscle. Two feeding trials and one cell culture experiments were conducted. Semimembranosus muscle tissue was collected from steers that had been fed a diet containing 8.3 mg of ZH/kg DM for the last 0 or 20 d of the finishing period with a 3 d withdrawal period. To test the mode of action an in vitromodel was used with, isolated bovine satellite cells isolated from muscle tissue. Real Time-QPCR (RTQPCR) was used to measure the relative mRNA abundance of Adenosine Monophosphate Protein Kinase α (AMPK), Myosin Heavy Chain (MHC) I, MHCIIA, MHCIIX, Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I), β-adrenergic receptor (βAR) 1 and 2, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ), and Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase (SCD). Western blotting was used to measure the relative protein abundance of AMPK and Phosphorylated-AMPK (pAMPK). No differences were detected in relative mRNA abundance of AMPK, MHCIIA, IGF-I, βAR1 and βAR2. However, MHCI, SCD, and PPARγ mRNA expression was decreased and MHCIIX mRNA increased from ZH fed cattle compared to non-ZH. For one experiment, AMPK protein expression increased, while in another experiment, AMPK phosphorylation increased with ZH fed animals. The increase in MHCIIX mRNA with ZH fed cattle indicated the start of a fiber type shift towards larger diameter fibers. This shift may have been due to increased expression and phosphorylation of AMPK. These data suggest that the shift increase in MHCIIX was likely due to the ZH administration.

scholarly journals CRISPR/dCas9 Transcriptional Activation of Endogenous Apolipoprotein AI and Paraoxonase 1 in Enterocytes Alleviates Endothelial Cell Dysfunction

Biomolecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1769
Author(s):  
Laura Toma ◽  
Teodora Barbălată ◽  
Gabriela M. Sanda ◽  
Loredan S. Niculescu ◽  
Anca V. Sima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Activation ◽  
Sirtuin 1 ◽  
Paraoxonase 1 ◽  
High Density Lipoproteins ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Apolipoprotein Ai ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

Atherosclerosis is the main cause of cardiovascular diseases with high prevalence worldwide. A promising therapeutic strategy to reverse atherosclerotic process is to improve the athero-protective potential of high-density lipoproteins (HDL). Since the small intestine is a source of HDL, we aimed to activate transcription of the endogenous HDL major proteins, apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) and paraoxonase 1 (PON1), in enterocytes, and to evaluate their potential to correct the pro-inflammatory status of endothelial cells (EC). Caco-2 enterocytes were transfected with CRISPR activation plasmids targeting ApoAI or PON1, and their gene and protein expression were measured in cells and conditioned medium (CM). ATP binding cassette A1 and G8 transporters (ABCA1, ABCG8), scavenger receptor BI (SR-BI), and transcription regulators peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), liver X receptors (LXRs), and sirtuin-1 (SIRT1) were assessed. Anti-inflammatory effects of CM from transfected enterocytes were estimated through its ability to inhibit tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) activation of EC. Transcriptional activation of ApoAI or PON1 in enterocytes induces: (i) increase of their gene and protein expression, and secretion in CM; (ii) stimulation of ABCA1/G8 and SR-BI; (iii) upregulation of PPARγ, LXRs, and SIRT1. CM from transfected enterocytes attenuated the TNFα-induced inflammatory and oxidative stress in EC, by decreasing TNF receptor 1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and p22phox. In conclusion, transcriptional activation of endogenous ApoAI or PON1 in enterocytes by CRISPR/dCas9 system is a realistic approach to stimulate biogenesis and function of major HDL proteins which can regulate cholesterol efflux transporters and reduce the inflammatory stress in activated EC.

scholarly journals Enhanced pan-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gene and protein expression in adipose tissue of diet-induced obese mice treated with telmisartan

2014 ◽  
Vol 99 (12) ◽  
pp. 1663-1678 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aline Penna-de-Carvalho ◽  
Francielle Graus-Nunes ◽  
Júlia Rabelo-Andrade ◽  
Carlos Alberto Mandarim-de-Lacerda ◽  
Vanessa Souza-Mello
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression

The Utilization of a Biopsy Needle to Obtain Small Muscle Tissue Specimens to Analyze the Gene and Protein Expression

2009 ◽  
Vol 154 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Tobina ◽  
Hiroyuki Nakashima ◽  
Satoko Mori ◽  
Masatsugu Abe ◽  
Hideaki Kumahara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Muscle Tissue ◽  
Biopsy Needle ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Small Muscle ◽  
Tissue Specimens

scholarly journals Evaluation of Three Growth Factors with the Most Controversial Expression Pattern in Osteoarthritic and Non-osteoarthritic Cartilage

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 351-358
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Osteoarthritic Cartilage ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
The Mean

There is no clear consensus regarding the expression pattern of many growth factors in healthy and osteoarthritic cartilage. In this study, the expression pattern of three controversial cartilage growth factors was compared between osteoarthritic (n=27) ‎and non-osteoarthritic cartilage samples (n=14). The candidate growth factor included Insulin-like ‎growth factor 1 (IGF-1), Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF-2), and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 (BMP-2). The candidate markers' gene and protein expression were analyzed using relative quantification relative to real-time PCR and ELISA, respectively. The mean IGF-I ‎mRNA and protein expression were 11.1, and 2 folds greater in osteoarthritic cartilage, respectively (p<0.001 for both). The mean FGF-2 ‎mRNA and protein expression were 6.7 and 1.3 folds greater in osteoarthritic cartilage, respectively (p<0.001 and p=0.003). The mean BMP-2 ‎mRNA and protein expression were 3.48 and 1.51 folds greater in osteoarthritic cartilage, respectively (p=0.001 and p<0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between the mRNA and protein expression of all candidate growth factors. In conclusion, the gene and protein expression of IGF-I, FGF-2, and BMP-2 were significantly higher in the ‎osteoarthritic cartilages when compared with non-osteoarthritic, suggesting them as‎‏ a therapeutic ‏target in OA treatment.

Hepatic gene and protein expression of primary components of the IGF-I axis in long lived Snell dwarf mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 126 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 692-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Papaconstantinou ◽  
James H. DeFord ◽  
Arpad Gerstner ◽  
C.-C. Hsieh ◽  
William H. Boylston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Snell Dwarf ◽  
Dwarf Mice

scholarly journals l-Theanine Ameliorates d-Galactose-Induced Brain Damage in Rats via Inhibiting AGE Formation and Regulating Sirtuin1 and BDNF Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Li Zeng ◽  
Ling Lin ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
Wenjun Xiao ◽  
Zhihua Gong
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Hippocampal Neurons ◽  
Nuclear Factor Κb ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Inflammatory Factor ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression ◽  
Mrna And Protein Expression ◽  
Age Receptors

The maintenance of homeostasis is essential for mitigating stress and delaying degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). AD is generally defined as the abnormal production of β-amyloid (Aβ) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). The effects of l-theanine on Aβ and AGE generation were investigated in this study. Decreased AGEs and Aβ1-42 levels were reflected by increased acetylcholine (ACh) concentration and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity inhibition compared to model rats. l-Theanine also inhibited nuclear factor-κB (p65) protein expression by activating sirtuin1 (SIRT1), reducing inflammatory factor expression, and downregulating the mRNA and protein expression of AGE receptors (RAGE). Superoxide dismutase 2 and catalase protein expressions were markedly upregulated by l-theanine, whereas oxidative stress-related injury was alleviated. The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α (PGC-1α) was also found to be increased. H&E staining showed that the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons was mitigated by decreased Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression and the increase of Bcl-2 protein expression. Moreover, l-theanine increased the gene and protein expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). These findings suggest that the potential preventive effects of l-theanine against AD may be attributed to its regulation of SIRT1 and BDNF proteins and its mitigation of AGEs/RAGE signaling pathways in the brain tissue of AD model rats.

Low level Pb2+ exposure affects hippocampal protein kinase Cγ gene and protein expression in rats

2001 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle K. Nihei ◽  
Jennifer L. McGlothan ◽  
Christopher D. Toscano ◽  
Tomás R. Guilarte
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Gene And Protein Expression
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