Persona Non Grata

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline A. McLeod
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
National Association ◽  
Black Leadership ◽  
Leadership Model ◽  
Colored People ◽  
National Leadership ◽  
Philosophy Of Leadership

This chapter considers Jane Bolin's service within the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), her relationship with the NAACP's national leadership, and how she became “persona non grata” to an organization with which she was affiliated since childhood. By examining Bolin's membership and leadership in the New York branch, the chapter uncovers her philosophy of leadership and its authority over her abrupt resignation from the NAACP in 1950. Such an examination would enrich any analysis of a NAACP leadership model and even complicate the tendency to essentialize early black leadership. The key point here is not about how an independently vocal female African American jurist rose to prominence in the NAACP, but how and why she plummeted to the depths of its disregard.

The New York Public Library

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ethelene Whitmire
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
Public Library ◽  
National Association ◽  
Du Bois ◽  
Colored People ◽  
York Public Library ◽  
New York Public Library ◽  
Opportunities For Promotion

This chapter discusses Regina's decades-long battle with the New York Public Library (NYPL). For all that she was doing for the NYPL, Regina believed that she was neither being paid a wage that recognized her contributions nor being afforded the opportunities for promotion she deserved. Her relationship with Ernestine Rose deteriorated as Regina frequently asked W. E. B. Du Bois, representing the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, to intervene on her behalf with the NYPL administration. In order to understand Du Bois' involvement with Regina, the chapter examines his earlier dispute with the NYPL administration on behalf of librarian Catherine Latimer—the first African American librarian in the system. Du Bois was particularly galled by the situation at NYPL, which limited African American librarians to a few branches.

Grimké, Angelina Weld (1880–1958)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Vice President ◽  
National Association ◽  
Colored People ◽  
American Poet ◽  
Angelina Weld Grimke ◽  
Fiction Writer

African American poet, fiction writer, and playwright Angelina Weld Grimké was born in Boston in 1880, the daughter of Sarah Stanley, who was White, and Archibald H. Grimké, who was African American and vice-president of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP). She was named for her great-aunt, the White abolitionist Angelina Grimké Weld (1805–1879), who died shortly before the playwright was born. As a schoolgirl, Grimké began publishing fiction and poetry. She was politically engaged, and at the age of nineteen she collected signatures for a petition against lynching.

scholarly journals Richard Kluger's Simple Justice after 29 Years: Simple Justice

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132
Author(s):  
Robert Lowe
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Black People ◽  
National Association ◽  
Board Of Education ◽  
The South ◽  
Colored People ◽  
White Resistance ◽  
Hearts And Minds

Although it is obligatory to mark the anniversary of Brown v. Board of Education, why it deserves to be commemorated is not necessarily obvious at a distance of fifty years. The decision itself, Richard Kluger made clear in Simple Justice, was unprepossessing and unassertive. Delivered in pedestrian language, “the only soaring sentence,” he rightly pointed out, claimed that segregation could affect Black children's “hearts and minds in a way unlikely to be ever undone” (p. 705). The decision, in fact, emphasized the psychological damage African Americans putatively experienced rather than exposed the hypocrisy of Plessy v. Ferguson's contention that racial classifications were not designed to impose an inferior standing on Black people. Additionally, this emphasis on psychological damage was supported by social science citations which gave top billing to Kenneth Clark, whose dubious research on African-American children's doll preferences had been persuasively critiqued by opposing counsel John W. Davis, and, according to Kluger, had even been “the source of considerable derision” among some of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) lawyers (p. 321). Finally, an implementation decision was deferred until Brown II, which a year later required that desegregation proceed “with all deliberate speed,” limited relief to plaintiffs in the offending districts, left the nature of that relief to the district judges who had ruled against desegregation, and unleashed vigorous white resistance across much of the South.

Hooks, Benjamin

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda F. McGadney
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Executive Director ◽  
Federal Communications Commission ◽  
National Association ◽  
Richard Nixon ◽  
Colored People ◽  
African American Civil Rights

Benjamin L. Hooks (1925–2010) was best known as an African American civil rights leader, lawyer, Baptist minister, gifted orator, and a businessman (co-founder of a bank and chicken fast-food franchises), who was executive director of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) (1977–1992). Hooks was appointed by President Richard Nixon as one of five commissioners (first African American) of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) in 1972, commencing in 1973 with confirmation by the Senate.

The NAACP Campaign against “Forced Confessions”

2019 ◽  
pp. 59-88
Author(s):  
Silvan Niedermeier
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Supreme Court ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Voting Rights ◽  
National Association ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
The South ◽  
Colored People ◽  
American Nation ◽  
The U.S

This chapter sheds light on the work of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), which launched a campaign in the mid-1930s against torture and forced confessions in the South. The NAACP led legal battles to combat discrimination against African American citizens in the areas of education, labor, voting rights, and the judicial system. Cases the NAACP financially supported and appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court include Brown v. Mississippi, the Chambers v. Florida, the Lyons case, and the Groveland Four. The NAACP aimed to draw attention to lynching violence and characterizes the barbaric acts to American nation as a strategy to bring awareness of racial discrimination against African American.

Filled with Spirit and Power: Protestant Clergy in Politics. By Laura R. Olson. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2000. 174p. $57.50 cloth, $18.95 paper.

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 1005-1006
Author(s):  
Paul J. Weber
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
African American ◽  
Family Values ◽  
State University ◽  
Protestant Clergy ◽  
African American Pastors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Limited Scope

Laura Olson is one of a small but energetic and influential group of Christian political scientists determined to bring the debate politically legitimate called it either racist or sexist. Yet, somewhat surprisingly, African American pastors held the most consistently conservative views on family values, although they also saw the connections among crime, violence, and the deterioration of the family. Within the authorÕs intentionally limited scope, this is an excellent study, but one should be cautious about generalizing.

The National Association of Professional Base Ball Players: The Origins of Professional Baseball and the American Identity

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Professional Sports ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Identity ◽  
National Association ◽  
American Values ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
American Tradition ◽  
Formative Experience ◽  
The 19Th Century

Baseball has been proudly coined “the national pastime” for nearly its entire existence. The sport evolved from several English bat and ball games and quickly became part of the American identity in the 19th century. Only a few decades after the first baseball club formed in New York City, amateur clubs began to organize into loose confederations as competition and glory entered a game originally associated with fraternal leisure. Soon after, clubs with enough fans and capital began to pay players for their services and by 1871 and league of solely professionals emerged. Known as The National Professional Base Ball Players Association, this league would only last five seasons but would lay the groundwork for the American tradition of professional sports that exists today. In this paper, I analyze the development of the sport of baseball into a professional industry alongside the concurrent industrialization and urbanization of the United States. I used primary documents from the era describing the growing popularity of the sport as well as modern historians’ accounts of early baseball. In addition, I rely on sources focusing on the changing American identity during this period known as The Gilded Age, which many attribute to be the beginnings of the modern understanding of American values. Ultimately, I conclude that baseball’s progression into a professional league from grassroots origins compared to a broader trend of the ideal American being viewed as urban, skilled, and affluent despite the majority not able to fit this characterization. How certain attributes become inherent to a group identity and the types of individuals able to communicate these messages are also explored. My analysis of the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players provides insight on the formative experience of the modern collective American identity and baseball’s place in it as our national pastime.

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