Crisis and Avant-Garde

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-24
Author(s):  
Willy Thayer
Keyword(s):  
Avant Garde ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form

This chapter focuses on the avant-garde and how it is a question of performatively exceeding the form of the world, its relations of production, appropriation and expropriation. It describes the historical interface that makes opinions possible, and whose conflict and multiplication confirm the world that nourishes its form. No given form should interfere with new matter. The chapter points out that avant-garde does not propose the production of new vignettes within the same form, but rather the production of a new form whose vignettes are formally incompossible with the old form. It emphasizes that if the avant-garde event were to take place, then the rhetorics of the debacle, the cut, of rupture, revolution, change, of the incursion into unknown territories would be interrupted because the subject itself would become desubjectivized.

The Russian Futuristic Experiment: the Language of the Poetic Resistance

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 261-272
Author(s):  
Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Artistic Expression ◽  
Poetic Language ◽  
Creative Mind ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The World ◽  
Poetic Text ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Mind

The main Avant-garde trend in the first third of the 20th century, Futurism, through its various groups and creative personalities, upholds its own conception of art and creator, strives to give a contemporary image of the world, to reveal the hidden essence of things, the inner relation of the elements. According to Futurism, art is meant to change lives, but not as it seems in the writings of nineteenth-century realists: by influencing the rational and changing the mind of the reader. The development of a new artistic expression, in a new poetic language, the use of contemporary forms of artistic conditionality have become major tasks for the generation of poets and artists from the 1910s. Poet futurists reduce the language of literature to its traditional understandings, neglect its inherent rules and laws, because they accept it as something external to the subject, which impedes the expression of its essence. From the depiction of the object to its expression - this is how the break in the creative mind of the futuristic author can be characterized. The linguistic revolution, effected with poetic means by the futurists, is a desperate and utopian attempt to acquire the organic integrity of the world, thirsting for its transformation. Thanks to futurism, the register of poetic techniques was expanded in the 20th century and directions were created for the creation of new expressive means of writing poetic text.

From Figures of Paradox to a Philosophy of Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 206-254
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Theory ◽  
Film Theory ◽  
Incompleteness Theorem ◽  
Stanley Cavell ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Spectator ◽  
Zeno's Paradox

This chapter examines the role of paradox in the films and film theory of Ken Jacobs, Hollis Frampton, and Michael Snow. Paradoxes such as Zeno’s paradox, Gödel’s incompleteness theorem, and Benoît Mandelbrot’s fractal theory of geometry, which inform the work of these filmmakers, propose and repeat the unresolvable gap between subject and world that informs skepticism. This chapter argues that the skeptical encounters these films invite, which entice the spectator to work toward solving a riddle or problem of incompleteness, also provide a model for overcoming skepticism by prompting re-encounters with the images on screen and the world to which they refer. These re-encounters occur in the same way that Stanley Cavell imagined the images of mainstream cinema could overcome problems of philosophical skepticism by drawing the subject closer to the world. The author argues, however, that these avant-garde meditations on mises en abyme are possibly more effective than Hollywood filmmaking for overcoming skepticism because of their more immediate emphasis on cinema’s very ability to engage and stage re-encounters between the subject and the limits of the world, rather than their reference to the world through images.

The American Avant-Garde’s Landscape Philosophy

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-144
Author(s):  
Rebecca A. Sheehan
Keyword(s):  
Recent Work ◽  
Historical Time ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
A Site

This chapter considers how the American avant-garde utilizes landscape as a site in-between the subject and the world, one which negotiates skepticism’s dilemma of the perceiving subject’s simultaneous distance from and conflation with the world. Examining the films of James Benning, Sharon Lockhart, David Gatten, and Ernie Gehr, as well as Phil Solomon’s machinima and the figure of the border in Chick Strand’s work and recent work by Peggy Ahwesh, the chapter argues that these cinematic takes on landscape forge multiplicity within a singularity of space, staging a paradoxical plurality of encounters with the “same.” Taking up the figure of geological strata prevalent in Benning’s and Gatten’s work, the chapter theorizes the function of the interstitial where re-encounters invited by extreme long takes (Lockhart, Benning) or the obsessive review of “missable” details (Gatten, Solomon) yield forking conceptions of historical time and meaning rather than linear ones. Similarly, the chapter turns to how films by Benning, Gatten, Strand, and Ahwesh use the figure of the in-between to undermine the authority of man-made borders.

Hedonismo y Fractura de la Modernidad

1998 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Roberto Dante Flores
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Media Technologies ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form ◽  
Crisis Of Modernity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This is an analysis of the ethico-cultural crisis of modernity and the emergence of the so-called postmodern aesthetic expressions (and conduct), examined principally from the point of view of Frederic Jameson and its coincidence with other authors (D. Lowe, G. Lipovetsky, and P. Virilio). I also investigate the relationship between the new sensitivities of the end of the century and the notion of justice, and its moral. This is seen by the authors as a consequence of the impact that mass-media technologies have produced in individuals leading to a new form of experience: the aesthetization of life and the fragmentation of the subject. The culture of the image is omnipresent, diluting art into aesthetization and the subject into the objectivization of consumption. We can see that there is a loss of historicity in the postmodern individual-originating from the speed of audiovisual information-upon perceiving, on a screen, the world in an instanct, without references to either a past or a future. The new technologies are the product of a new stage of capitalism, even more so than in the modernity of massive consumption. As a consequence of these three factors (aesthetization, ahistoricity, consumption), there has emerged a hedonistic ethos which differentiates itself from its modern vanguardist antecedents in that it is no longer the transgressor of a religious moral, or the secularism of duty, because pleasure is no longer forbidden. This framework, which is lacking in hard principles and is sustained by 'weak and conviction free' individuals is compatible with the liberal ethic of Rawls. In the face of the contradiction of modernity, we shall reconsider, as factors of socio-political construction, the moral values provided by the world's great religions.

Johannes Sharpe's Ontology and Semantics: Oxford Realism Revisited

Vivarium ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Conti
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Semantic Approach ◽  
Partial Identity ◽  
Main Thesis ◽  
Philosophical System ◽  
The World ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form

AbstractThe German Johannes Sharpe is the most important and original author of the so called "Oxford Realists": his semantic and metaphysical theories are the end product of the two main medieval philosophical traditions, realism and nominalism, for he contributed to the new form of realism inaugurated by Wyclif, but was receptive to many nominalist criticisms. Starting from the main thesis of Wyclif's metaphysics, that the universal and individual are really identical but formally distinct, Oxford Realists introduced a new type of predication, based on a partial identity between the entities for which the subject and predicate stood, called predication by essence, and then redefined the traditional post-Aristotelian categories of essential and accidental predication in terms of this partial identity. Sharpe substantially shares the metaphysical view and principles of the other Oxford Realists, but he elaborates a completely different semantics, since he accepts the nominalist principle of the autonomy of thought in relation to the world, and Ockham's explanation for the universality of concepts. Unfortunately, this semantic approach partially undermines his defence of realism, since it deprives Sharpe of any compelling semantic and epistemological reasons to posit universalia in re. Therefore, Sharpe's main ontological theses certainly are sensible and reasonable, but, paradoxically, within his philosophical system they cannot in any way be considered as absolutely consistent.

scholarly journals Poetology of Vyktor Ivaniv

Litera ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Zhitenev
Keyword(s):  
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Genetic Affinity ◽  
Universal System ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Nicholas Of Cusa ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Writings

The subject of this research is the corpus of auto-reflexive texts of the contemporary poet Vyktor Ivaniv – his research, essayistic, literary-critical writings. The goal consists in reconstruction of V. Ivaniv’s poetology, which implies the system of representations on ultimate characteristics of poetry, poeticity, and poetic. It is established that poetological system of V. Ivaniv can be described as an example of radicalization of “magic” intentions of historical avant-garde. The novelty of V. Ivaniv consists in reassessment of the ideas of transformation of the world using such term as “utopic”. Having determined the genetic affinity of the constructs of Russian avant-gardists with the ideas of Nicholas of Cusa, Rene Descartes and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Ivaniv highlights their rootedness in the traditions of European rationalism. The novelty of the research lies in the comprehensive analysis, which allows restoring a universal system of representations on poetry based on the comparison of texts belonging to different types of discourse. Formulation of aesthetic principles in Ivaniv’s works is inseparable from philological reflection over the nature of symbol and its typology. Analyzing the principles of the construction of image at different stages of the establishment of avant-garde mentality, V. Ivaniv creates the concept of iconic symbol as a substitute of the event and a semantic operator, which replaces false meanings with true ones. According to Ivaniv, transgressive introduction to the truth of being – ecstatic and dangerous – comprises the essence of the poetic.

scholarly journals “The World, More or Less” by Jean Rouaud: between novel and autofiction

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Gérard Siary ◽  
Yulia Anatolievna Kosova
Keyword(s):  
French Literature ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
New Form ◽  
Subjective Truth ◽  
Jean Rouaud ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Intertextual Dialogue

This article discusses theoretical approaches to autofiction - a new form of self-writing which spread in French literature from the 80s. The analysis of the autofictional device implemented in the novel “The World, More or Less” by Jean Rouaud produces evidence of the fact that the interlocking of fictionality and reality can express a subjective truth, the complexity and the unescapable dimension of the subject as I and translate an experience of life better than a factual narrative. J. Rouaud defines autofiction through an intertextual dialogue with J.-J. Rousseau’s “Confessions”, a text implicitly included within the novel’s text.

scholarly journals Nanolinguistics: Reality of Existence

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 130-143
Author(s):  
Lara Sinelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Scale Factor ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Previous Experience ◽  
Self Organization ◽  
Double Bind ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Interdisciplinary Field ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject

The article is devoted to understanding nanolinguistics as a post-non-classical branch of science which is based on interdisciplinary methodology. Arguments for the existence of nanolinguistics rely on the “scale factor” as a key point: changes in size reveal new characteristics of an object. The nanolevel is founded on special optics, which allow features that are not always seen but nevertheless exist (in an essential way) to be studied, leading to an understanding of the characteristics of the substance’s self-organization and its interaction with other objects, including the possibilities and results of integration. Nanolinguistics searches for ways to thoroughly examine an object. At the same time, previous experience of the interpretation of linguistic phenomena stimulates the subsequent steps of reasoning for accumulating knowledge about the object’s characteristics. Nanolinguistics is an interdisciplinary field of knowledge, the subject of which can be those units and cognitive-discursive manifestations that are nanostructured, i.e., those that consist of quantities which can be indexed as subtle properties of the linguistic substance. Nanoparticles are revealed by interpreting an object’s layerwise assembly, taking into account its coreferential relations, as a result of which integration into larger-scale systems takes place; microcosm and macrocosm become organically connected.This article introduces the possibilities of nanolinguistic interpretative actions in the sphere of modern word formation (the new assembly of morphemes to create a new referential basis); in studying the processes of adaptation of loanwords (quasi-synonymy, the variation of interpretations in a new environment); in the evaluation of political communication (the principle of extremely low influence in the situation of a double bind or double trap); in sensory linguistics (the language of perception that reflects subtle shades of the sensory understanding of the world); and in avant-garde poetry (poetic dispersion, or the fragmentation of the “matter” of a word into particles and their combination into new mental images). Prospects for the development of nanolinguistics are indicated.

Alignment

2016 ◽  
pp. 33-50
Author(s):  
Pier Giuseppe Rossi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Enactive Approach ◽  
The World ◽  
Strategic Role ◽  
Education Today ◽  
Current Context ◽  
The Subject

The subject of alignment is not new to the world of education. Today however, it has come to mean different things and to have a heuristic value in education according to research in different areas, not least for neuroscience, and to attention to skills and to the alternation framework.This paper, after looking at the classic references that already attributed an important role to alignment in education processes, looks at the strategic role of alignment in the current context, outlining the shared construction processes and focusing on some of the ways in which this is put into effect.Alignment is part of a participatory, enactive approach that gives a central role to the interaction between teaching and learning, avoiding the limits of behaviourism, which has a greater bias towards teaching, and cognitivism/constructivism, which focus their attention on learning and in any case, on that which separates a teacher preparing the environment and a student working in it.

Jalan Kesempurnaan Menurut Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil di Cijati Desa Cikareo Selatan Sumedang

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-37
Author(s):  
Syarifudin Syarifudin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Core ◽  
The World ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Religious Sect ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

Each religious sect has its own characteristics, whether fundamental, radical, or religious. One of them is Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, which is in Cijati, South Cikareo Village, Wado District, Sumedang Regency. This congregation is Sufism with the concept of self-purification as the subject of its teachings. So, the purpose of this study is to reveal how the origin of Insan Al-Kamil Congregation, the concept of its purification, and the procedures of achieving its purification. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a normative theological approach as the blade of analysis. In addition, the data generated is the result of observation, interviews, and document studies. From the collected data, Jamaah Insan Al-Kamil adheres to the core teachings of Islam and is the tenth regeneration of Islam Teachings, which refers to the Prophet Muhammad SAW. According to this congregation, self-perfection becomes an obligation that must be achieved by human beings in order to remember Allah when life is done. The process of self-purification is done when human beings still live in the world by knowing His God. Therefore, the peak of self-purification is called Insan Kamil. 

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