Thoreau’s Militant Vegetables

Xenocitizens ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 101-152
Author(s):  
Jason Berger
Keyword(s):  
Historical Reality ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Structural Aspects

This chapter takes as its starting point contemporary new materialist approaches to Henry David Thoreau’s writing, especially the work of scholars such as Branka Arsić and Jane Bennett. Complicating the Deleuzian- and neo-Spinozan-influenced forms of democratic vitalism attributed to Thoreau, this chapter traces a competing mode of materialism in Thoreau’s thought, one that is inherently dialectical and, by all standards, illiberal. Building loosely on the speculative ecological work of scholars such as Monique Allewaert and Michael Marder, it argues that Thoreau’s vision of nature in his early works is allied with his subsequent radical political pronouncements in the mid- and late-1850s. The chapter traces the structural aspects of Thoreau’s unique dialectical approach toward materiality and historical reality, examining the types of political ontologies and actants that emerge within these dynamic material relations as well as their specific stakes for antebellum society.

What’s Epistemology Got to Do With It?

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-507
Author(s):  
Richard K. Caputo
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Intervention Research ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Feminist Standpoint ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Work Intervention ◽  
Standpoint Epistemology ◽  
Structural Aspects

Feminist standpoint epistemology is neither a necessary nor a sufficient starting point for social work intervention research. Contemporary social scientists readily grapple with cultural, political, and/or structural aspects of social problems either in the absence of or in conjunction with an explicitly formulated feminist standpoint epistemology. The article also argues against privileging any group’s voice for purposes of social work intervention research, including the voices of marginalized and oppressed groups whose judgments, perceptions, and statement of facts are as prone to error or likely to be as mistaken as anyone else’s.

Documentary narrative visualization: Features and modes of documentary film in narrative visualization

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 339-352
Author(s):  
Judd D Bradbury ◽  
Rosanna E Guadagno
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Study ◽  
Data Visualization ◽  
Documentary Film ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Quality Video ◽  
Structural Aspects

Documentary narrative visualization is a data visualization approach using the features of documentary film. Researchers in the field of visualization are searching for better methods of constructing narratives from data sets. In this article, we explore the structure and techniques of documentary film and how they apply to the practice of constructing narrative visualization with video. We review the structural aspects of documentary film with examples relevant for narrative visualization. Using six of the highest quality video-based narrative visualizations, we conducted a study of user preferences for three pairs of videos. The video pairs were specifically matched to highlight unique features available in documentary film. Using the preferences expressed by our participants, we performed an empirical study to examine the documentary features most valued by our participants. Our results provide implications about the style and features of documentary film that are most useful in the construction of narrative visualization. Overall, this work provides a clear starting point for the construction of documentary narrative visualization providing content creators with specific techniques that will improve engagement of their content.

scholarly journals ON THE ORGANIZATIONAL AND LEGAL ORIGINS OF THE PROSECUTOR's OFFICE OF UDMURTIA: PROSECUTOR'S OFFICES IN VYATKA PROVINCE IN XIX - EARLY XX CENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1113-1121
Author(s):  
A.A. Sheptalin
Keyword(s):  
Subsequent Development ◽  
District Courts ◽  
Historical Reconstruction ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Legal Origins ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Udmurt Republic ◽  
History Of ◽  
General Scientific

The article deals with the problem of the emergence and formation of prosecutor's offices in Glazovsky, Sarapulsky, Yelabuga and Malmyzhsky uyezds of Vyatka province, which later formed the territorial basis of the Udmurt Republic. The relevance of the issue is connected both with its poorly studied nature and with the continuing dubious practice of considering 1922 as the starting point in the history of the Udmurt prosecutor's office. The purpose of the article is an attempt of historical reconstruction of the organizational and legal origins and subsequent development of the prosecutor's offices in these uyezds, and also the justification of the establishment in 1874 of prosecutorial supervision bodies at the district courts in Vyatka and Sarapul as the starting point in the history under consideration. In the process of research, a wide range of general scientific and historical-legal methods were applied, based on a dialectical approach and using pre-revolutionary sources, including archival materials. The author substantiates the idea that the prosecutor's office long before the revolution of 1917 was an important element of the system of regional state-legal management, and the Soviet Prosecutor's Office of the 1920s emerged as an updated institution, restored on the basis of extensive pre-revolutionary experience and with the assistance of old specialists.

scholarly journals Informação, conhecimento e capitalismo: uma abordagem dialética | Information, knowledge and capitalism: a dialectical approach

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Moreno Marques ◽  
Filipe Oliveira Raslan ◽  
Marta Macedo Kerr Pinheiro
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Dialectical Materialism ◽  
Capitalist Mode ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Capital Humano ◽  
Role Of Information ◽  
General Intellect ◽  
Mode Of Production

Resumo Este ensaio aborda o papel da informação e do conhecimento ao longo do desenvolvimento do modo de produção capitalista, especialmente na atualidade, quando ganham popularidade termos como sociedade da informação e do conhecimento, economia do conhecimento, capital intelectual e capital humano. Nosso ponto de partida será a apresentação de alguns fundamentos da dialética materialista, filosofia precursora da investigação das relações entre capital e conhecimento. Indo além da luz lançada por Marx sobre essa obscura problemática, esse texto também destaca algumas teorias de autores contemporâneos que, partindo das concepções marxistas, tentam explicar a realidade do século XXI a partir da subsunção, em maior ou menor grau, do trabalho pelo capital. Essa perspectiva permite afirmar que a dominação das condições de trabalho no modo de produção capitalista avança a passos largos em busca da apropriação privada do intelecto geral.Palavras-chave informação, conhecimento, capitalismo, dialética materialista, apropriação privada do intelecto geralAbstract This essay discusses the role of information and knowledge throughout the development of the capitalist mode of production, especially nowadays, when some terms become popular such as information and knowledge society, knowledge economy, intellectual capital and human capital. Our starting point is the presentation of some foundations of dialectical materialism, a precursor philosophy to investigate the relationships between capital and knowledge. Drawing on Marxist ideas and going beyond in this obscure issue, this paper also highlights some theories of contemporary authors which, starting from Marxist concepts, attempt to explain the 21st century reality based on the subsumption of labor under capital in a greater or lesser extent. This perspective allows us to assert that the domination of working conditions in the capitalist mode of production has rapidly progressed aiming to institute the private appropriation of the general intellect.Keywords information, knowledge, capitalism, dialectical materialism, private appropriation of the general intellect.

Structural aspects of osmoregulation in porphyra

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 412-413
Author(s):  
C. Wiencke ◽  
A. Lauchli
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Chemical Fixation ◽  
Cellular Organization ◽  
Osmotic Adaptation ◽  
Osmotic Balance ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Osmotic Agents ◽  
Vacuolar System ◽  
Structural Aspects

Osmoregulatory mechanisms in algae were investigated mainly from a physiological point of view (KAUSS 1977, HELLEBUST 1976). In Porphyra two osmotic agents, i. e. floridoside/isofloridoside (KAUSS 1968) and certain ions, such as K+ and Na+(EPPLEY et al. 1960) are considered for osmotic balance. Accumulations of ions (particularly Na+) in the cytoplasm during osmotic adaptation is improbable, because the activity of enzymes is generally inhibited by high ionic concentrations (FLOWERS et al. 1977).The cellular organization of Porphyra was studied with special emphasis on the development of the vacuolar system under different hyperosmotic conditions. Porphyra was cultivated at various strengths of the culture medium ASP 12 (PROVASOLI 1961) ranging from normal to 6 times concentrated (6x) culture medium. Por electron microscopy freeze fracturing was used (specimens fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde and incubated in 30% glycerol, preparation in a BALZERS BA 360 M apparatus), because chemical fixation gave poor results.

Molecular Structure of the Outermost Cell Wall Component of Spirillum Serpens

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 342-343
Author(s):  
Wah Chiu ◽  
David Grano
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Cell Wall ◽  
Outer Membrane ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Electron Microscopic Examination ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Cell Wall Component ◽  
Protein Components ◽  
Exposure Technique ◽  
Structural Aspects

The periodic structure external to the outer membrane of Spirillum serpens VHA has been isolated by similar procedures to those used by Buckmire and Murray (1). From SDS gel electrophoresis, we have found that the isolated fragments contain several protein components, and that the crystalline structure is composed of a glycoprotein component with a molecular weight of ∽ 140,000 daltons (2). Under an electron microscopic examination, we have visualized the hexagonally-packed glycoprotein subunits, as well as the bilayer profile of the outer membrane. In this paper, we will discuss some structural aspects of the crystalline glycoproteins, based on computer-reconstructed images of the external cell wall fragments.The specimens were prepared for electron microscopy in two ways: negatively stained with 1% PTA, and maintained in a frozen-hydrated state (3). The micrographs were taken with a JEM-100B electron microscope with a field emission gun. The minimum exposure technique was essential for imaging the frozen- hydrated specimens.

7-beam lattice images of (110) oriented Ge

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 290-291
Author(s):  
J.R. Parsons ◽  
C.W. Hoelke
Keyword(s):  
Image Features ◽  
Objective Lens ◽  
Lattice Plane ◽  
Lattice Image ◽  
Crystalline Defects ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Lattice Images ◽  
Electron Microscopes ◽  
Structural Aspects ◽  
Beam Lattice

The direct imaging of a crystal lattice has intrigued electron microscopists for many years. What is of interest, of course, is the way in which defects perturb their atomic regularity. There are problems, however, when one wishes to relate aperiodic image features to structural aspects of crystalline defects. If the defect is inclined to the foil plane and if, as is the case with present 100 kV transmission electron microscopes, the objective lens is not perfect, then terminating fringes and fringe bending seen in the image cannot be related in a simple way to lattice plane geometry in the specimen (1).The purpose of the present work was to devise an experimental test which could be used to confirm, or not, the existence of a one-to-one correspondence between lattice image and specimen structure over the desired range of specimen spacings. Through a study of computed images the following test emerged.

Crystal structure images of large gold clusters and growing crystals by HRTEM

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 428-429
Author(s):  
L.R. Wallenberg ◽  
J.-O. Bovin ◽  
G. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Close Packing ◽  
Gold Clusters ◽  
Molecular Weight Determination ◽  
Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Nucleation And Growth Mechanisms ◽  
Points Of View

Metallic clusters are interesting from various points of view, e.g. as a mean of spreading expensive catalysts on a support, or following heterogeneous and homogeneous catalytic events. It is also possible to study nucleation and growth mechanisms for crystals with the cluster as known starting point.Gold-clusters containing 55 atoms were manufactured by reducing (C6H5)3PAuCl with B2H6 in benzene. The chemical composition was found to be Au9.2[P(C6H5)3]2Cl. Molecular-weight determination by means of an ultracentrifuge gave the formula Au55[P(C6H5)3]Cl6 A model was proposed from Mössbauer spectra by Schmid et al. with cubic close-packing of the 55 gold atoms in a cubeoctahedron as shown in Fig 1. The cluster is almost completely isolated from the surroundings by the twelve triphenylphosphane groups situated in each corner, and the chlorine atoms on the centre of the 3x3 square surfaces. This gives four groups of gold atoms, depending on the different types of surrounding.

Structural aspects of tracheary element differentiation in suspension cultures of Zinnia elegans

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 768-769
Author(s):  
C. H. Haigler ◽  
A. W. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Tracheary Element ◽  
Vesicle Fusion ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Cellulose Synthesis ◽  
Tracheary Elements ◽  
Animal Cells ◽  
Mesophyll Cells ◽  
Fixation Techniques ◽  
Localized Patterns ◽  
Structural Aspects

Tracheary elements, the water-conducting cells in plants, are characterized by their reinforced walls that became thickened in localized patterns during differentiation (Fig. 1). The synthesis of this localized wall involves abundant secretion of Golgi vesicles that export preformed matrix polysaccharides and putative proteins involved in cellulose synthesis. Since the cells are not growing, some kind of endocytotic process must also occur. Many researchers have commented on where exocytosis occurs in relation to the thickenings (for example, see), but they based their interpretations on chemical fixation techniques that are not likely to provide reliable information about rapid processes such as vesicle fusion. We have used rapid freezing to more accurately assess patterns of vesicle fusion in tracheary elements. We have also determined the localization of calcium, which is known to regulate vesicle fusion in plant and animal cells.Mesophyll cells were obtained from immature first leaves of Zinnia elegans var. Envy (Park Seed Co., Greenwood, S.C.) and cultured as described previously with the following exceptions: (a) concentration of benzylaminopurine in the culture medium was reduced to 0.2 mg/l and myoinositol was eliminated; and (b) 1.75ml cultures were incubated in 22 x 90mm shell vials with 112rpm rotary shaking. Cells that were actively involved in differentiation were harvested and frozen in solidifying Freon as described previously. Fractures occurred preferentially at the cell/planchet interface, which allowed us to find some excellently-preserved cells in the replicas. Other differentiating cells were incubated for 20-30 min in 10(μM CTC (Sigma), an antibiotic that fluoresces in the presence of membrane-sequestered calcium. They were observed in an Olympus BH-2 microscope equipped for epi-fluorescence (violet filter package and additional Zeiss KP560 barrier filter to block chlorophyll autofluorescence).

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