scholarly journals Hypercalcemia with invasive pulmonary papillomatosis and microinvasive squamous carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Estelle Oertling ◽  
Philip Daroca ◽  
Renee Hartz ◽  
Susan McLellan ◽  
Jason Lane
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Laryngeal Papilloma ◽  
Invasive Component ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Hpv Typing ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Family

Juvenile respiratory papillomatosis is a rare pediatric disease in which benign papillomata develop in the respiratory tract, most commonly involving the larynx and tracheobronchial tree.  Invasive pulmonary papillomatosis is an aggressive form in which the papillomata extend into the lung parenchyma.  We report a case of a 22-year-old man with a long-standing juvenile respiratory tract papillomatosis, initially diagnosed at age 2, who subsequently developed invasive pulmonary papillomatosis and underwent partial surgical resection for his pulmonary disease.  Hypercalcemia complicated the patient’s final hospitalizations. HPV typing performed on a laryngeal papilloma was positive for HPV 6/11.  The lobectomy specimen revealed malignant transformation of invasive pulmonary papillomatosis characterized by the presence of microinvasive nests of squamous carcinoma. Immunohistochemical stain for parathyroid hormone on the invasive component was negative. Eventually, the patient succumbed to his disease and while the family refused post-mortem examination, Positron Emission Tomography (PET) performed during the patient’s terminal course suggested the possibility of metastasis to liver and periaortic lymph nodes. There was no evidence of bony metastasis.

scholarly journals Population-specific brain [18F]-FDG PET templates of Chinese subjects for statistical parametric mapping

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongkai Wang ◽  
Yang Tian ◽  
Yang Liu ◽  
Zhaofeng Chen ◽  
Haoyu Zhai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fdg Pet ◽  
Statistical Parametric Mapping ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Images ◽  
Parametric Mapping ◽  
Brain Morphometry ◽  
Brain Pet ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
The Family ◽  
Function Impairment

AbstractStatistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) is a computational approach for analysing functional brain images like Positron Emission Tomography (PET). When performing SPM analysis for different patient populations, brain PET template images representing population-specific brain morphometry and metabolism features are helpful. However, most currently available brain PET templates were constructed using the Caucasian data. To enrich the family of publicly available brain PET templates, we created Chinese-specific template images based on 116 [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) PET images of normal participants. These images were warped into a common averaged space, in which the mean and standard deviation templates were both computed. We also developed the SPM analysis programmes to facilitate easy use of the templates. Our templates were validated through the SPM analysis of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s patient images. The resultant SPM t-maps accurately depicted the disease-related brain regions with abnormal [18F]-FDG uptake, proving the templates’ effectiveness in brain function impairment analysis.

scholarly journals A clinical, laboratory, radiological, and microbiologicalstudy of pneumonia associated with covid-19 indicating person-to-person transmission

2021 ◽  
pp. 43832-43834
Keyword(s):  
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
The Family ◽  
Nextgeneration Sequencing ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Background: Novel coronavirus outbreak that originated in Wuhan, province of China has now been declared as one of the deadliest pandemics inflicting humankind in last hundred years. Method: In the present study, we have inferred the clinical, laboratory, radiological, and microbiological findings of five patients in a family cluster who presented with unexplained pneumonia after coming back from overseas and touchdown right here in India on 1st March 2020 earlier than lockdown and another member of the family who didn’tvisit thiscountry. Results: From March 10, 2020, we enrolled a family of six patients who travelled to SingaporeonJanuary 10th 2020and returned on March 1st 2020. Of six family members who travelled to Singapore, five were recognised as affected with the radical coronavirus (COVID 19). Additionally, one family member, who did not travel to overseas also became infected with the virus post14 days of staying with four of the family members. Five family members (aged 30–55 years) presented with symptoms like fever, upper or lower respiratory tract symptoms, or diarrhoea, or a combination of these 3–6 days after exposure. Phylogenetic evaluation of these five subjects’ RT-PCR amplicons and two full genomes by nextgeneration sequencing presented that this is a novel coronavirus, which is closest to the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-related coronaviruses. Conclusion: Our findings are steady with person-to-person transmission of this novel coronavirus in hospital (nosocomial) and family settings, and the reports of infected travellers in other geographical regions.

scholarly journals Anaplastic Spindle Cell Squamous Carcinoma Arising from Tall Cell Variant Papillary Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren K. Patten ◽  
Alia Ahmed ◽  
Owain Greaves ◽  
Roberto Dina ◽  
Rashpal Flora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spindle Cell ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Newly Diagnosed ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Tall Cell Variant ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Tall Cell ◽  
Cell Variant

Tall cell variant (TCV) of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), an aggressive form of thyroid cancer, is characterised by 50% of cells with height that is three times greater than the width. Very rarely, some of these cancers can progress to spindle cell squamous carcinoma (SCSC) resulting in cancers with elements of both SCSC and TCV PTC. Here we report a case of SCSC arising from TCV PTC. In addition to this case, we have performed a literature review and compiled all published reports of SCSC arising from TCV PTC, including the nature of treatment and the prognosis for each of the 20 patients recorded. This is intended for use as a guide for clinicians in what the most appropriate treatment options may be for a newly diagnosed patient. Due to the rarity coupled with diagnosis occurring at a very advanced stage of disease progression, performing clinical trials is difficult and therefore drawing conclusions on optimal treatment methods remains a challenge.

Approach to the Patient with Cough

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher H. Fanta
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Chronic Cough ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Flow Volume ◽  
Respiratory Compromise ◽  
Cough Reflex ◽  
Persistent Cough

The cough reflex is critically important in the clearance of abnormal airway secretions and protection of the lower respiratory tract from aspirated foreign matter. A weak or ineffective cough can lead to respiratory compromise from even a relatively minor bronchial infection. Persistent cough is often one of a constellation of symptoms indicative of respiratory disease—a potential clue in the differential diagnosis of the patient’s illness. Given the widespread distribution of sensory nerve endings of the cough reflex throughout the upper and lower respiratory tract, it is not surprising that myriad respiratory diseases, involving lung parenchyma and airways, can manifest with cough. Sometimes cough is the sole or predominant symptom in a patient who is otherwise well. Evaluating and treating the patient with persistent cough who has few, if any, other respiratory symptoms is a common challenge for the practicing physician. This review covers the normal cough mechanism, impaired cough, pathologic cough, cough suppressant therapy, and new developments. Figures show a flow-volume loop during cough, a posteroanterior chest x-ray in a patient presenting with chronic cough, flow-volume curves and spirograms documenting expiratory airflow obstruction, and the approach to the patient with chronic cough. The table lists selected examples of extrapulmonary physical findings of potential importance in the assessment of cough. This review contains 4 highly rendered figures, 1 table, and 94 references.

Management of Blunt Pulmonary Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-386 ◽  
Author(s):  
John J. Gallagher
Keyword(s):  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Pulmonary Contusion ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Thoracic Injuries ◽  
Airway Control ◽  
Tracheobronchial Injuries ◽  
Ventilation Strategies ◽  
And Control

Thoracic injuries account for 25% of all civilian deaths. Blunt force injuries are a subset of thoracic injuries and include injuries of the tracheobronchial tree, pleural space, and lung parenchyma. Early identification of these injuries during initial assessment and resuscitation is essential to reduce associated morbidity and mortality rates. Management of airway injuries includes definitive airway control with identification and repair of tracheobronchial injuries. Management of pneumothorax and hemothorax includes pleural space drainage and control of ongoing hemorrhage, along with monitoring for complications such as empyema and chylothorax. Injuries of the lung parenchyma, such as pulmonary contusion, may require support of oxygenation and ventilation through both conventional and nonconventional mechanical ventilation strategies. General strategies to improve pulmonary function and gas exchange include balanced fluid resuscitation to targeted volume-based resuscitation end points, positioning therapy, and pain management.

Multiple cervical bronchogenic cysts

2006 ◽  
Vol 120 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyaw Htin Maung ◽  
Christopher Low ◽  
Lindsey C Knight ◽  
Catherine J Cullinane
Keyword(s):  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Tracheobronchial Tree ◽  
Respiratory Obstruction ◽  
Congenital Lesions ◽  
Upper Respiratory ◽  
Hoarse Voice ◽  
Bronchogenic Cysts

Bronchogenic cysts are rare, benign, congenital lesions that occur as a result of aberrant development of the tracheobronchial tree during embryogenesis. They usually present during the first decade of life and are encountered predominantly within the mediastinum or the lung parenchyma. In a few instances, they appear within the neck mimicking a neoplasm and, depending on their size and site, may also cause acute upper respiratory obstruction. We describe a case of two cervical bronchogenic cysts adjacent to the larynx in a child who presented with a hoarse voice.

Single-Port Laparoscopy and Extraperitoneal Para-Aortic Lymphadenectomy: 3 Consecutive Cases

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 1695-1697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sébastien Gouy ◽  
Catherine Uzan ◽  
Aminata Kane ◽  
Tristan Gauthier ◽  
Philippe Morice
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Single Port ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Laparoscopic Approach ◽  
Squamous Carcinoma ◽  
Extraperitoneal Approach ◽  
Conventional Instruments ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Single Port Laparoscopy ◽  
The Mean

ObjectiveWe report the feasibility and the technique of single-port extraperitoneal para-aortic lymphadenectomy in locally advanced cervical cancer.MethodsThe same single port was used for the transperitoneal step (to discriminate intraperitoneal disease) and the extraperitoneal approach used thereafter (in the absence of peritoneal or ovarian spread) for the lymphadenectomy. Para-aortic lymphadenectomy was performed via the left-sided extraperitoneal approach by a 2- to 3-cm incision, which was made 1 cm above the usual incision to the left of McBurney’s point. We used conventional instruments in all cases.ResultsThree consecutive patients with cervical cancer had undergone a pretherapeutic laparoscopic staging procedure (1 stage IB2 and 2 stage IIB). The histologic types were squamous carcinoma (n = 2) and adenocarcinoma (n = 1). No patients had pelvic or para-aortic uptakes on preoperative positron emission tomography computed tomography imaging. The mean operative time was 223 minutes (range, 210–250 minutes). The mean number of lymph nodes removed was 19 (range, 15–23). The definitive pathological analysis had revealed that one patient had metastatic disease. No failures occurred with the single-port procedure, and no conversion to conventional multiport laparoscopy was reported.ConclusionsThis preliminary series reports on the feasibility of the para-aortic lymphadenectomy technique via the extraperitoneal approach with a multichannel single port using conventional instruments. Nevertheless, the safety of this procedure (compared to conventional laparoscopic approach) needs to be explored in a further larger study.

scholarly journals Studies on the pathogenesis of rinderpest in experimental cattle: IV. Proliferation of the virus following contact infection

1965 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 497-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. P. Taylor ◽  
W. Plowright ◽  
R. Pillinger ◽  
C. S. Rampton ◽  
R. F. Staple
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Kidney Tissue ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Virus Content ◽  
Upper Respiratory

Cattle were infected with rinderpest virus by housing them for 24 hr. in stalls containing donor animals which had been reacting to the disease for 3–5 days. They were then transferred to individual clean stalls and killed on the 2nd to 10th days following first exposure. Various tissues were collected, particularly those of the upper and lower respiratory tracts, and their virus content was estimated in calf-kidney tissue cultures.Virus was recovered from 15 of 35 animals tested and in eight of these generalization had occurred, although only two had begun to show a pyrexial response. The stage of the infection could not be predicted from the time that had elapsed following exposure, since early, limited proliferation was encountered on the 3rd to the 10th days.It was considered that seven animals gave indications of the pathways by which natural infection had occurred. In each of these virus proliferation was established very early in the pharyngeal lymph node; in three the submaxillary lymph node was similarly involved and in four the palatal tonsil. It was suggested that these data probably indicated that infection always occurred via the upper respiratory tract.In three cases virus titres were highest in the bronchial or costocervical lymph nodes; this was construed as evidence for the additional involvement of the lower respiratory tract in primary infection.No infectivity could be demonstrated in the mucosae or lung parenchyma associated with the above-mentioned lymph nodes and this, together with previously published data, was accepted as strong presumptive evidence that the infecting virus passes through the mucosae without producing a local lesion or proliferating there. These results were compared briefly with those of Bedson & Duckworth (1963) for rabbit pox.

scholarly journals Breast Cancer with Neoductgenesis: Histopathological Criteria and Its Correlation with Mammographic and Tumour Features

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjing Zhou ◽  
Thomas Sollie ◽  
Tibor Tot ◽  
Sarah E. Pinder ◽  
Rose-Marie Amini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Tumour Markers ◽  
Her2 Status ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Lymphocyte Infiltration ◽  
Desmoplastic Reaction ◽  
Invasive Component ◽  
Aggressive Form ◽  
Histological Criteria ◽  
Kappa Value

Introduction. Breast cancer with mammographic casting type calcifications, high grade DCIS with an abnormal number of ducts, periductal desmoplastic reaction, lymphocyte infiltration, and tenascin-C (TN-C) overexpression has been proposed to represent a more aggressive form of breast cancer and has been denominated as breast cancer with neoductgenesis. We developed histopathological criteria for neoductgenesis in order to study reproducibility and correlation with other tumour markers.Methods. 74 cases of grades 2 and 3 DCIS, with or without an invasive component, were selected. A combined score of the degree(s) of concentration of ducts, lymphocyte infiltration, and periductal fibrosis was used to classify cases as showing neoductgenesis, or not. Diagnostic reproducibility, correlation with tumour markers, and mammographic features were studied.Results. Twenty-three of 74 cases were diagnosed with neoductgenesis. The kappa value between pathologists showed moderate reproducibility (0.50) (95% CI; 0.41–0.60). Neoductgenesis correlated significantly with malignant type microcalcifications and TN-C expression (P=0.008and 0.04) and with ER, PR, and HER2 status (P<0.00001for all three markers).Conclusions. We developed histological criteria for breast cancer with neoductgenesis. Neoductgenesis, by our applied histopathological definition was related to more aggressive tumour biology and malignant mammographic calcifications.

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