Trends of pH and aerosols in the precipitation at Srinagar, Mohanbari, Allahabad, Jodhpur, Nagpur and Minicoy during the period 1981-2001

Nature of Precipitation - alkaline or acidic depends upon the concentration of major water soluble inorganic gaseous and soil derived particulates dissolved in it. If the concentration of cations is higher than that of anions the precipitations becomes alkaline and vice versa. pH is the main parameter indicating the nature of precipitation. If pH of rainwater <5.65 it is acidic and >5.65, it is alkaline ,both in the pH scale ranging between 0 and 14. In this paper average ionic concentration (mg/lit) and their trends have been analyzed. Srinagar, Mohanbari, Jodhpur, Allahabad, Nagpur and Minicoy have been selected for the study of chemical precipitation during the period 1981-2001. Trends of different aerosols have been analyzed at the intervals 1981-87, 1988-94 and 1995-2001. It has been observed that percentage of anions has increased which results in the increase of acidic character of the precipitation. During the interval 1995-2001, Nagpur and Mohanbari had pH values 5.16 and 5.47 respectively which were in acidic range.

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Anthocyanin Color Stabilization by Host-Guest Complexation with p-Sulfonatocalix[n]arenes

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26175389 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (17) ◽

pp. 5389

Author(s):

Johan Mendoza ◽

Luis Cruz ◽

Victor de Freitas ◽

Fernando Pina ◽

Nuno Basílio

Keyword(s):

Binding Pocket ◽

Association Constants ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Colored Form ◽

Cationic Form ◽

Substitution Pattern ◽

Ph Values ◽

Ph Scale ◽

The Stability ◽

Neutral Conditions

Flavylium-based compounds in their acidic and cationic form bring color to aqueous solutions, while under slightly acidic or neutral conditions they commonly bring discoloration. Selective host-guest complexation between water-soluble p-sulfonatocalix[n]arenes (SCn) macrocycles and the flavylium cationic species can increase the stability of the colored form, expanding its domain over the pH scale. The association constants between SCn and the cationic (acid) and neutral basic forms of flavylium-based compounds were determined through UV-Vis host-guest titrations at different pH values. The affinity of the hosts for synthetic chromophore was found to be higher than for a natural anthocyanin (Oenin). The higher affinity of SC4 for the synthetic flavylium was confirmed by 1H NMR showing a preferential interaction of the flavylium phenyl ring with the host cavity. In contrast with its synthetic counterpart, the flavylium substitution pattern in the anthocyanin seems to limit the inclusion of the guest in the host’s binding pocket. In this case, the higher affinity was observed for the octamer (SC8) likely due to its larger cavity and higher number of negatively charged sulfonate groups.

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Role of aerosols in deciding pH of rainwater

MAUSAM ◽

10.54302/mausam.v58i4.1435 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 513-524

Author(s):

R. R. SHENDE ◽

USHA RAVINDRAN ◽

S. D. BHONDAVE ◽

A. R. KONDE DESHMUKH

Keyword(s):

Analysis Data ◽

Precipitation Chemistry ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Sample Analysis ◽

Chemistry Data ◽

Ph Values ◽

Rain Sample ◽

Ph Scale ◽

Alkaline Range

Nature of precipitation – alkaline or acidic – depends upon the concentration of major water soluble inorganic gaseous and soil derived particulates dissolved in it. If concentration of cations is higher than that of anions, the precipitation becomes alkaline and vise-a-versa. pH is the main parameter indicating the nature of precipitation. If pH of the solution is < 5.65, it is acidic and > 5.65, alkaline, in the pH scale ranging between 0 & 14. Difference in the chemical composition of rainwater having pH in the alkaline range and acidic range has been studied in this paper. For this purpose, precipitation chemistry data of Allahabad, Jodhpur, Mohanbari and Nagpur for the period 1988-97 have been considered. APWM & S.D. have been worked out. Precipitation chemistry data considering APWM values in acidic range and in alkaline range have been separated and compared. Coefficients of correlation have been calculated in possible cation-anion combinations. It is seen that the lowest pH values (monthly mean) have been recorded during 1997 – MHB (3.77), NGP (4.12), both in acidic range. % Frequency of occurrences of pH values in acidic range was the highest at Mohanbari (66%) in the study period. Jodhpur recorded all pH values in alkaline range indicating influence of soil derived alkaline particulates. Among cations Ca+² has shown its dominance over all cations. Jodhpur has recorded the highest APWM value of Ca+² (9.27mg/lit) in 1997. Data have also been compared with WMO Laboratory simulated acid rain sample analysis data and other non-departmental data. Results are discussed in the paper.

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A STUDY OF A WATER-SOLUBLE COMPLEX OF PRODIGIOSIN PRODUCED BY A STRAIN OF SERRATIA MARCESCENS

Canadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1139/y62-114 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 1019-1024 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Seiichi Yoshida

Keyword(s):

Molecular Weight ◽

Light Scattering ◽

Serratia Marcescens ◽

Average Molecular Weight ◽

Electrophoretic Analysis ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Soluble Complex ◽

Ph Values ◽

Scattering Measurements ◽

Water Soluble Complex

A water-soluble pigment excreted from Serratia marcescens has been purified by precipitation with ammonium sulphate, dialysis, and ultracentrifugation at different pH values. The purified pigment showed a single band in the ultracentrifuge and by electrophoretic analysis at several pH values. An average molecular weight of 5 × 106 was calculated from light-scattering measurements. This pigment is composed of carbohydrate and protein combined with prodigiosin, and several properties of the complex are described.

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Assessment of Anhydrous Ethanol Extraction to Determine the Ionic Concentration of Hardened Cement Pastes

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.177.506 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 177 ◽

pp. 506-509 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Man Jian Wu ◽

Wu Yao ◽

Wei Wang ◽

Yong Qi Wei

Keyword(s):

Pore Solution ◽

Ph Value ◽

Ionic Concentration ◽

Anhydrous Ethanol ◽

Hardened Cement ◽

Cement Pastes ◽

Ethanol Extraction ◽

Alkali Ions ◽

Ph Values ◽

Hardened Cement Pastes

A new method involving the extraction of various ions from hardened cement pastes by anhydrous ethanol is presented to determine the pH value and ionic concentration during the first 28 days. The volume content of pore solution extracted by ethanol in the leachate reached 12% or above and the pH values calculated by alkali ions are more than 12, even up to 12.73. The results were compared with those from parallel, conventional pore water expression experiments. All of these comparisons verified the feasibility of the proposed method. However, the application of this method to pore solution analysis needs further improvement.

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Synthesis of water-soluble conducting polypyrrole with transition-metal tetrasulfonated porphyrins

Journal of Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ◽

10.1142/s1088424610001829 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 14 (02) ◽

pp. 128-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Mohammad Reza Nabid ◽

Mitra Shamsianpour ◽

Roya Sedghi ◽

Samira Osati ◽

Nasser Safari

Keyword(s):

Transition Metal ◽

Water Solubility ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Sulfonated Polystyrene ◽

Salting Out ◽

Electrically Conducting ◽

Ph Values ◽

Ft Ir ◽

A Charge ◽

Conducting Polypyrrole

A novel catalytic route for the synthesis of a water-soluble and electrically conducting polypyrrole (PPy) in the presence of sulfonated polystyrene (SPS) is presented. Anionic water-soluble transition-metal tetrasulfonated porphyrins (TSPP) were used to catalyze the polymerization. The reactions were carried out with different monomer, catalyst, template and initiator concentrations and the optimum conditions are reported. Also various pH values ranging from 1 to 4 were investigated. The absorbance of the polaron bands at different pH values demonstrates that pH 2 is the best condition for polymerization. Precipitation or "salting out" phenomenon was highly dependent on the mentioned factors. The formation of PPy was confirmed by UV-vis and FT-IR spectroscopy. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) showed that the synthesized polymer has convenient electroactivity. Furthermore, the presence of SPS that serves as a charge-compensating dopant in this complex provides a unique combination of properties such as processability and water solubility.

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pH-Gated photoresponsive shuttling in a water-soluble pseudorotaxane

Chemical Communications ◽

10.1039/c8cc00688a ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 54 (22) ◽

pp. 2743-2746 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

A. Zubillaga ◽

P. Ferreira ◽

A. J. Parola ◽

S. Gago ◽

N. Basílio

Keyword(s):

Water Soluble ◽

Ph Values

Phototriggered ring shuttling in a water-soluble fluorescent pseudorotaxane can be enabled and disabled at different pH values.

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INORGANIC SOIL PHOSPHORUS FRACTIONS OF SOME ONTARIO SOILS AS STUDIED USING ISOTOPIC EXCHANGE AND SOLUBILITY CRITERIA

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss62-020 ◽

1962 ◽

Vol 42 (1) ◽

pp. 150-156 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

A. F. MacKenzie

Keyword(s):

Soil Solution ◽

Isotopic Exchange ◽

Soil Phosphorus ◽

Low Ph ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Ph Values ◽

Measurable Amount ◽

P Fraction ◽

Solubility Studies ◽

Inorganic Phosphates

The water soluble and inorganic phosphates associated with aluminum (Al-P), iron (Fe-P) and calcium (Ca-P) were studied in eight Ontario soils. Isotopic exchange studies indicated that in most of the soils the Al-P fraction was in equilibrium with the water soluble phosphorus. Exceptions were thought to be a result of high or low pH values. Solubility studies in 0.01M CaCl2 indicated that the Al-P fraction supplied most of the phosphorus to the soil solution. In one soil the Fe-P fraction may have supplied a measurable amount of phosphorus to the soil solution also.

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The effect of over 50 years of liming on soil aluminium forms in a Retisol

The Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.1017/s0021859619000194 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 157 (1) ◽

pp. 12-19 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Z. Kryzevicius ◽

D. Karcauskiene ◽

E. Álvarez-Rodríguez ◽

A. Zukauskaite ◽

A. Slepetiene ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Profile ◽

Soil Acidity ◽

Solid Phase ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Total Water ◽

Clay Particles ◽

Ph Values ◽

Exchangeable Al ◽

Limed Soil

AbstractThe aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of long-term (56 years) liming on changes in soil pH and aluminium (Al) forms in the soil profile compared with an unlimed soil in a sandy moraine loam of a Dystric Glossic Retisol. Long-term liming had a significant influence on soil acidity of the whole profile, causing increased pH values in the following horizons to 120 cm depth: the ploughing horizon (Ahp), where humus accumulates; the eluvial horizon (E), from which clay particles are leached; a horizon having retic properties and predominantly coarser-textured albic material (E/B); and a horizon with retic properties and predominantly finer-textured argic material (B/E). In the solid phase, non-crystalline Al in limed soil decreased in the Ahp horizon; meanwhile a decrease in total organically bound Al (Alp) and organo–Al complexes of low to medium stability was detected in the deeper El and ElBt horizons. High-stability Al complexes with organic matter were the predominant form of Alp in the unlimed and limed whole soil profile. The concentration of total water-soluble Al ranged from 0.61 to 0.80 mg/l in the limed soil profile but 0.62–1.15 mg/l in the unlimed soil. The highest concentration of exchangeable Al was determined in the upper horizons of the unlimed soil profile and the concentration decreased significantly in the same horizons of the limed soil profile. Long-term liming promoted changes in Al compounds throughout the soil profile.

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