scholarly journals Chemical composition of the essential oil of Psidium guajava leaves and its toxicity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 865
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Aparecida Josefi Silva ◽  
Vanessa Paula da Silva ◽  
Cassia Cristina Fernandes Alves ◽  
José Milton Alves ◽  
Edson Luiz Souchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Guava Leaves

Globally, the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is considered as one of the most important phytopathogens, since it affects the production of several economically important crops. Further, it is difficult to control, thus increasing the use of pesticides. Therefore, the search for new substances, especially those extracted from plants, has received special attention to control this plant pathogen. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the yield and chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from the fresh leaves of guava collected during the rainy and dry seasons, and also to evaluate its toxicity against S. sclerotiorum. The experiment was a completely randomized design with five treatments and six replicates. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation of the leaves and analyzed by gas chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The main compounds identified in the essential oil were trans-caryophyllene and ?-humulene. The essential oil at a concentration of 300 ?L exhibited 90% inhibition of the mycelial growth of S. sclerotiorum. This confirmed the antifungal potential of the essential oil of the guava leaves during both the sampling seasons.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of the Essential Oil From the Leaves of Pterocephalus hookeri

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2098123
Author(s):  
Peng-fei Yang ◽  
Hui Lu ◽  
Qiong-bo Wang ◽  
Zhi-wei Zhao ◽  
Qiang Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Antimicrobial Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
And Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antimicrobial Assay ◽  
Detailed Chemical

Detailed chemical constituents of essential oil from the Pterocephalus hookeri leaves and its antimicrobial activities were investigated in this study. The essential oil, obtained by hydrodistillation, was characterized by gas chromatography-flame ionization detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses. Among the 90 identified compounds, hexadecanoic acid (21.27%), phytol (8.03%), furfural (7.08%), oleic acid (5.25%), and phytone (4.56%) were the major components. In the antimicrobial assay, the essential oil showed strong inhibitory activities against Escherichia coli, Candida albicans, and Staphylococcus aureus with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 31.3, 62.5, and 125 µg/mL, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report concerning chemical composition and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil from Pterocephalus hookeri.

Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil From Minthostachys acris Schmidt-Leb. Grown in the Peruvian Andes

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1985749
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Pino ◽  
María Milagros Dueñas-Mendoza ◽  
Leoncio Solís-Quispe
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Steam Distillation ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Aerial Parts

The chemical composition of the essential oil from aerial parts of Minthostachys acris Schmidt-Leb. grown in Cuzco was studied. A total of 59 volatile compounds were identified by gas-chromatography-flame ionization detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in the essential oil obtained by steam distillation, of which the most prominent were pulegone (54.4%), cis-menthone (11.0%), and thymol (6.3%).

scholarly journals Effect of natural and artificial drying of leaf biomassof Psidium guajava on the content and chemical composition of essential oil

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 3059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Aparecida Josefi da Silva ◽  
Vanessa Paula da Silva ◽  
Cassia Cristina Fernandes Alves ◽  
José Milton Alves ◽  
Edson Luiz Souchie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
South America ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Mass Spectrometer ◽  
Oil Content ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Drying Method ◽  
Guava Leaves

Psidium guajava L. is native to Central and South America. It is widely distributed and well adapted to Brazil, a producer of essential oils rich in terpenes. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of natural and artificial drying on the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) grown in Rio Verde (GO). The two treatments consisted of drying fresh leaves either naturally in the shade or artificially at 40°C. Chemical composition was analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively by gas coupled with mass spectrometer chromatography (GC/MS) and gas chromatography using a flame ionizer (GC-FID), respectively. The method of drying changed the content and chemical composition of the essential oil of guava leaves. Drying in the shade reduced the content and altered the constituents of the essential oil, whereas drying in an oven at 40°C, despite having reduced the amounts of the constituents, exhibited the highest essential oil content and increased the concentration of certain major constituents as compared to that in the natural shade drying method. The major components found in the essential oil of leaves regardless of the drying processes were trans-caryophyllene, ?-humulene, aromadendrene, ?-selinene, and selin-11-en-4?-ol. According to reports in the literature, these compounds possess fungicidal, insecticidal, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory activity, among others beneficial actions.

scholarly journals CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE ESSENTIAL OIL OF WILD-GROWING Micromeria thymifolia (Scop.) Fritsch

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Marija Marin ◽  
Snežana Branković
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gram Positive Bacteria ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Dose Dependent

Essential oil (ЕО) from the leaves of wild-growing Micromeria thymifolia (Scop.) Fritsch (Lamiaceae) was screened for its chemical composition as well as its possible antioxidant and antibacterial properties. According to the gas chromatography – flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses, twenty-six compounds were identified, representing approximately 99.0% of the chromatographic area. The major component present in the essential oil was pulegone (44.8%), other main constituents were piperitone oxide (14.5%), iso-menthone (9.3%) and limonene (8.0%). The oil was tested for the antioxidant activity in 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and showed a dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity with EC50 value of 6.71 × 104 μg/ml. The antibacterial effect of the essential oil was tested against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The essential oil of M. thymifolia showed antioxidant potential and antibacterial activity.

scholarly journals Soil and Leaf Nutrients Drivers on the Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Siparuna muricata (Ruiz & Pav.) A. DC. from Ecuador

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 2949
Author(s):  
Juan I. Burneo ◽  
Ángel Benítez ◽  
James Calva ◽  
Pablo Velastegui ◽  
Vladimir Morocho
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Leaf Nutrients ◽  
First Time

Chemical compositions of plants are affected by the initial nutrient contents in the soil and climatic conditions; thus, we analyzed for the first time the effects of soil and leaf nutrients on the compositions of the essential oils (EOs) of Siparuna muricata in four different localities in Ecuador. EOs were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and a gas chromatography/flame ionization detector (GC/FID). Enantiomeric distribution by GC/MS was determined, modifying the enantiomeric separation of β-pinene, limonene, δ-elemene, β-bourbonene, cis-cadina-1 (6), 4-diene and atractylone. A total of 44 compounds were identified. The most representative for L1 were guaiol, atractylone and 4-diene; for L2, cis-cadina-1(6),4-diene and myrcene; for L3, atractylone, myrcene and germacrene B; and finally, L4 germacrene B, myrcene and cis-cadina-1(6),4-diene. Correlations between soil- leaf chemical elements such as Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, N and Si in the different localities were significant with chemical composition of the essential oil of Siparuna muricata; however, correlations between soil and leaf K, P, and Na were not significant. Cluster and NMDS analysis showed high dissimilarity values of secondary metabolites between four localities related with changes in soil- leaf nutrients. Thus, the SIMPER routine revealed that not all secondary metabolites contribute equally to establishing the differences in the four localities, and the largest contributions are due to differences in guaiol, cis-cadina-1(6),4-diene, atractylone and germacrene. Our investigation showed for the first time the influences of altitude and soil- leaf chemical elements in the chemical composition of the EOs of S. muricata.

scholarly journals Chemical composition and insecticidal activity of Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) essential oil

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-514
Author(s):  
Carla Maria Mariano Fernandez ◽  
◽  
Fabiana Brusco Lorenzetti ◽  
Sirlene Adriana Kleinubing ◽  
Joao Paulo Pinguello de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Immersion Test ◽  
Acaricidal Activity ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Larvicidal Effect ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons

The present study aimed to analyze the chemical composition of the essential oil from Garcinia gardneriana (Planchon & Triana) Zappi leaves and fruits, and to determine its acaricidal activity on Rhipicephalus microplus by larval packet test and larvicidal action on Aedes aegypti by larval immersion test. The chemical analysis of the essential oil by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry identified sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenes in bacupari leaves and fruits, and α-cedrene, α-chamigrene, α-trans-bergamotene, and β-curcumene as major compounds. Essential oil from leaves of G. gardneriana presented acaricidal activity on R. microplus (LC50 = 4.8 mg/mL; LC99 = 10.8 mg/mL) and larvicidal effect on A. aegypti (LC50 = 5.4 mg/mL; LC99 = 11.6 mg/mL), whereas essential oil from the fruits of G. gardneriana showed LC50 = 4.6 mg/mL and LC99 = 8.9 mg/mL against R. microplus and LC50 = 6.4 mg/mL and LC99 = 13.9 mg/mL against A. aegypti. These results thus demonstrate the potential acaricidal and larvicidal activity of essential oil of G. gardneriana, offering new perspectives for the realization of bioassays from this essential oil.

scholarly journals Essential Oil Composition ofPinus peuceGriseb. Needles and Twigs from Two National Parks of Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avni Hajdari ◽  
Behxhet Mustafa ◽  
Dashnor Nebija ◽  
Hyrmete Selimi ◽  
Zeqir Veselaj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
National Park ◽  
Essential Oil Composition ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Oil Composition ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Geographical Variations

The principal aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition and qualitative and quantitative variability of essential oils obtained from seven naturally grown populations of thePinus peuceGrisebach, Pinaceae in Kosovo. Plant materials were collected from three populations in the Sharri National Park and from four other populations in the Bjeshkët e Nemuna National Park, in Kosovo. Essential oils were obtained by steam distillation and analyzed by GC-FID (Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detection) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry). The results showed that the yield of essential oils (v/wdry weight) varied depending on the origin of population and the plant organs and ranged from 0.7 to 3.3%. In total, 51 compounds were identified. The main compounds wereα-pinene (needles: 21.6–34.9%; twigs: 11.0–24%),β-phellandrene (needles: 4.1–27.7; twigs: 29.0–49.8%), andβ-pinene (needles: 10.0–16.1; twigs: 6.9–20.7%). HCA (Hierarchical Cluster Analysis) and PCA (Principal Component Analyses) were used to assess geographical variations in essential oil composition. Statistical analysis showed that the analyzed populations are grouped in three main clusters which seem to reflect microclimatic conditions on the chemical composition of the essential oils.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition, Enantiomeric Distribution, and Biological Activities of Rhododendron anthopogon Leaf Essential Oil from Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1601101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noura S. Dosoky ◽  
Prabodh Satyal ◽  
Suraj Pokharel ◽  
William N. Setzer
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Volatile Components ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Blood Disorders ◽  
Leaf Essential Oil ◽  
Microbroth Dilution

Rhododendron anthopogon D. Don., a small compact Himalayan shrub growing in Nepal, is a known medicinal plant used to treat sore throat, colds, blood disorders, bone disease, potato allergies, and vomiting, and to relieve liver disorders, headaches and back pain. The present study investigated the chemical composition and bioactivities of the leaf essential oil from R. anthopogon from Dhankuta, Nepal. The essential oil from leaves was obtained by hydrodistillation and a detailed chemical analysis was conducted by gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The enantiomeric distribution of monoterpenoid components was determined using chiral gas chromatography and represents the first chiral examination of R. anthopogon essential oil. The essential oil was screened for antimicrobial activity using the microbroth dilution test, and for cytotoxic activity against MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and 5637 using the MTT assay. A total of 70 volatile components were identified from the essential oil. The major components were α-pinene (21.5%), δ-cadinene (13.8%), β-pinene (9.5%), limonene (5.9%), δ-amorphene (4.6%), α-muurolene (4.5%), and ( E)-caryophyllene (3.2%) with other minor constituents (< 3%). The essential oil showed marginal antibacterial and cytotoxic activities, but no antifungal effects.

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of Vernonia albicans Essential Oil from India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Flame Ionization Detector ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Total Oil

The chemical composition of the hydro-distilled essential oil obtained from the flowering aerial parts of Vernonia albicans DC. (Asteraceae) was analyzed by gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-nine compounds have been identified, representing 97.5% of the total oil. The major constituents were β-caryophyllene (34.3%), γ-amorphene (19.5%), 9-epi-β-caryophyllene (6.9%), and α-pinene (6.9%). The oil was found to be rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (73.9%).

scholarly journals Chemical Composition of the Essential Oil of Croton bonplandianus from India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caryophyllene Oxide ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Sesquiterpene Hydrocarbons ◽  
Germacrene D ◽  
Total Oil

The essential oil obtained from the aerial parts of Croton bonplandianus Baill. was analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). A total of 37 compounds have been identified, representing 96.2% of the total oil. The main constituents were identified as β-caryophyllene (16.7%), germacrene D (14.7%), borneol (8.3%), Z-β-damascenone (6.(%), isobornyl acetate (6.2%), α-humulene (6.1%), germacrene A (5.2%) and caryophyllene oxide (4.5%). The oil was rich in sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (60.1%).

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