The importance of prenatal dental care: a concise systematic review

Introduction: Prenatal dental care is extremely important, as it requires a series of specific care for pregnant patients. There is a need for specific care with the health of the mouth and informing the patient of essential care for her and her baby's health. Also, the microorganisms that cause these diseases can migrate to the uterus and cause premature births. Several studies show that dental care was considered safe for the mother and fetus throughout the entire period of pregnancy. Objective: To carry out a brief systematic review of the literature to elucidate the main considerations for success during the treatment of oral health in pregnant women. Methods: The research was carried out from May 2021 to June 2021 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar, following the Systematic Review-PRISMA rules. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument. Results: A total of 244 articles were found. A total of 76 articles were evaluated in full and 19 were included and evaluated in the present study. A total of 3 Studies with a High Risk of Bias and 1 Study with Uncertain Risk. Studies have suggested a protective effect of prenatal oral health care against the onset of caries in infancy and up to before 4 years of age. The transport of S. mutans in children was also significantly reduced in the intervention group. Children exposed to the use of maternal substances had a higher incidence of hospitalization for dental caries than unexposed children. Thus, inadequate prenatal education in oral health can negatively impact the quality of oral hygiene in children. It is imperative to develop strategies to improve oral health and develop a health system strengthening by interprofessional collaboration in the prenatal phase of pregnant women. Furthermore, an inverse relationship was observed between 25(OH)D levels and the number of decayed primary teeth. Conclusion: Taking care of oral health is part of the daily rhythm of personal hygiene. The monitoring of a dental surgeon during pregnancy is considered to prevent and treat the pregnant woman's oral diseases and clarify the doubts of future mothers since the baby's oral health begins to establish itself during the gestational period.

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Rapid diagnostic test for antenatal syphilis screening in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018132 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. e018132 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Carmen Phang Romero Casas ◽

Marrissa Martyn-St James ◽

Jean Hamilton ◽

Daniel S Marinho ◽

Rodolfo Castro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

High Risk ◽

Diagnostic Accuracy ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Sensitivity And Specificity ◽

Methodological Quality ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Antenatal Clinics

ObjectivesTo undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the test performance including sensitivity and specificity of rapid immunochromatographic syphilis (ICS) point-of-care (POC) tests at antenatal clinics compared with reference standard tests (non-treponemal (TP) and TP tests) for active syphilis in pregnant women.MethodsFive electronic databases were searched (PubMed, EMBASE, CRD, Cochrane Library and LILACS) to March 2016 for diagnostic accuracy studies of ICS test and standard reference tests for syphilis in pregnant women. Methodological quality was assessed using QUADAS-2 (Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies). A bivariate meta-analysis was undertaken to generate pooled estimates of diagnostic parameters. Results were presented using a coupled forest plot of sensitivity and specificity and a scatter plot.ResultsThe methodological quality of the five included studies with regards to risk of bias and applicability concern judgements was either low or unclear. One study was judged as high risk of bias for patient selection due to exclusion of pregnant women with a previous history of syphilis, and one study was judged at high risk of bias for study flow and timing as not all patients were included in the analysis. Five studies contributed to the meta-analysis, providing a pooled sensitivity and specificity for ICS of 0.85 (95% CrI: 0.73 to 0.92) and 0.98 (95% CrI: 0.95 to 0.99), respectively.ConclusionsThis review and meta-analysis observed that rapid ICS POC tests have a high sensitivity and specificity when performed in pregnant women at antenatal clinics. However, the methodological quality of the existing evidence base should be taken into consideration when interpreting these results.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42016036335.

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Effectiveness of physical activity interventions for overweight and obesity during pregnancy: a systematic review of the content of behaviour change interventions

International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity ◽

10.1186/s12966-019-0859-5 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 16 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Caragh Flannery ◽

Milou Fredrix ◽

Ellinor K. Olander ◽

Fionnuala M. McAuliffe ◽

Molly Byrne ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Behaviour Change ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

The Other ◽

Secondary Outcome

Abstract Background Behaviour change techniques (BCTs) employed within PA intervention for pregnant women with a healthy body mass index (BMI) have been previously identified, however, these BCTS may differ for other weight profiles during pregnancy. The aim of this current review was to identify and summarise the evidence for effectiveness of PA interventions on PA levels for pregnant women with overweight and obesity, with an emphasis on the BCTs employed. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis of PA intervention studies using the PRISMA statement was conducted. Searches were conducted of eight databases in January 2019. Strict inclusion/exclusion criteria were employed. The validity of each included study was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias. The primary outcome measure was change in PA levels, subjectively or objectively measured, with physical fitness as a secondary outcome. All intervention descriptions were double coded by two authors using Michie’s et al’s BCT taxonomy V1. Meta-analyses using random effect models assessed the intervention effects on PA. Other PA outcomes were summarised in a narrative synthesis. Results From 8389 studies, 19 met the inclusion criteria 13 of which were suitable for inclusion in a meta-analysis. The remaining 6 studies were described narratively due to insufficient data and different outcome measures reported. In the meta-analysis, comparing interventions to a control group, significant increases were found in the intervention group for metabolic equivalent (SMD 0.39 [0.14, 0.64], Z = 3.08 P = 0.002) and physical fitness (VO2 max) (SMD 0.55 [0.34, 0.75], Z = 5.20 P = < 0.001). Of the other six, five studies reported an increase in PA for the intervention group versus the control with the other study reporting a significant decrease for women in their 3rd trimester (p = 0.002). ‘Self-monitoring of behaviour’ was the most frequently used BCTs (76.5%), with ‘social support’ being newly identified for this pregnant population with overweight or obesity. Conclusions This review identified a slight increase in PA for pregnant women with overweight and obesity participating in interventions. However, due to the high risk of bias of the included studies, the results should be interpreted with caution. PA measures should be carefully selected so that studies can be meaningfully compared and standardised taxonomies should be used so that BCTs can be accurately assessed.

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Poor oral health‐related quality of life among pregnant women: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

International Journal of Dental Hygiene ◽

10.1111/idh.12465 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Ali Mohammadi Gharehghani ◽

Azadeh Bayani ◽

Amir‐Hossein Bayat ◽

Morteza Hemmat ◽

Mahmood Karimy ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

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Oral Health-Related Quality of Life during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review

Current Pharmaceutical Design ◽

10.2174/1381612826666200523171639 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (32) ◽

pp. 4014-4021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Omid Fakheran ◽

Zahra Saied-Moallemi ◽

Abbasali Khademi ◽

Amirhossein Sahebkar

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Post Partum ◽

Systemic Review ◽

Health Related Quality ◽

Related Quality ◽

Health Related

Objective: High prevalence of Dental and periodontal problems during the gestation period may have a negative effect on oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in pregnant women. This systematic review aimed to perform a quality assessment and provide a critical overview of the current research available on OHRQoL in pregnant women. Methods: For this systemic review, all original and peer-reviewed human studies, which investigated OHRQoL of women during pregnancy or post- partum period, were searched. Studies were screened in title and abstract for the relevance by two independent investigators. Methodological quality was assessed using modified items recommended by the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for observational studies. Results: All of the eight included studies had a cross-sectional design. Meta-analysis was not possible due to the heterogeneity of key aspects among the included studies. Thus, the data from the studies were evaluated qualitatively. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was low. Conclusion: The main conclusion of this review is that the presence of signs and symptoms of dental and gingival disease negatively affects the self-perception of OHRQoL in pregnant women. The most affected domains of OHRQoL in pregnant women were related to mental and psychological discomfort, followed by physical and functional problems.

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Oral Health-Related Outcomes in Edentulous Patients Treated With Mandibular Implant-Retained Dentures Versus Complete Dentures: Systematic Review With Meta-Analyses

Journal of Oral Implantology ◽

10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00210 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 44 (4) ◽

pp. 313-324 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Philip Kroll ◽

Lisa Hou ◽

Hani Radaideh ◽

Nazanin Sharifi ◽

Phuu P. Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Oral Health ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Complete Dentures ◽

Chewing Ability ◽

Health Related ◽

Edentulous Patients

The objective of this systematic review was to determine the effect on oral health-related outcomes from mandibular implant-retained dentures opposing maxillary complete dentures in edentulous middle-age and older adults, compared with complete removable dentures in both arches. Randomized controlled trials included participants with an average age of 65 years or older. The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and Web of Science were searched. A total of 228 abstracts were reviewed for inclusion criteria, with 14 trials included and analyzed for risk of bias. Eleven of these studies were assessed as being at an unclear risk of bias, and 3 were at high risk. Mandibular implant-retained overdenture therapy showed statistically significant improvements in the patients' general satisfaction (P = .003), oral health-related quality of life (P < .001), and chewing ability (P < .001), over the patients with complete dentures. There were no significant differences in the percentage of patients who were satisfied with their overdentures vs complete dentures for comfort, retention, esthetics, or chewing ability; however, only 2 studies reported these outcomes. In terms of nutritional status 1 year after treatment, vitamin B12 blood levels increased significantly in the implant-retained group (P = .003), but not the other nutritional values. Implant-retained mandibular overdentures are an option for middle-aged and elderly edentulous patients as they significantly improve some of the outcomes; however, the quality of the evidence was moderate/low, due to the small number of studies included and the risk of bias. Future research should include objective outcomes such as masticatory performance, chewing efficacy, and muscular coordination.

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Oral Health And Dental Care In Pregnant Women: Bibliometric Study, Systematic Review, And Content Analysis

Revista Facultad de Odontología ◽

10.17533/udea.rfo.v28n2a9 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

pp. 374-407

Author(s):

Andrea Johanna Almario Barrera ◽

◽

César Acevedo Argüello ◽

Camila Villarreal Neira ◽

Carolina Morales Borrero ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Oral Health ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Dental Care ◽

Bibliometric Study

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Effects of wearable technology on patients with diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.24757 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dongjun Wu ◽

Nicholas Buys ◽

Guandong Xu ◽

Jing Sun

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Blood Pressure ◽

Relapse Prevention ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Wearable Technologies ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Hba1c Levels

UNSTRUCTURED Aims: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of wearable technologies on HbA1c, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and fastening blood glucose (FBG) in patients with diabetes. Methods: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, the Cochrane database, and the Chinese CNKI database from last 15 years until August 2021. The quality of the 16 included studies was assessed using the PEDro scale, and random effect models were used to estimate outcomes, with I2 used for heterogeneity testing. Results: A significant reduction in HbA1c (-0.475% [95% CI -0.692 to -0.257, P<0.001]) was found following telemonitoring. However, the results of the meta-analysis did not show significant changes in blood pressure, BMI, and glucose, in the intervention group (P>0.05), although the effect size for systolic blood pressure (0.389) and diastolic blood pressure may indicate a significant effect. Subgroup analysis revealed statistically significant effects of wearable technologies on HbA1c when supported by dietetic interventions (P<0.001), medication monitoring (P<0.001), and relapse prevention (P<0.001). Online messages and telephone interventions significantly affected HbA1c levels (P<0.001). Trials with additional online face-to-face interventions showed greater reductions in HbA1c levels. Remote interventions including dietetic advice (P<0.001), medication (P<0.001), and relapse prevention (P<0.001) during telemonitoring showed a significant effect on HbA1c, particularly in patients attending ten or more intervention sessions (P<0.001). Conclusion: Wearable technologies can improve diabetes management by simplifying self-monitoring, allowing patients to upload their live measurement results frequently and thereby improving the quality of telemedicine. Wearable technologies also facilitate remote medication management, dietetic interventions, and relapse prevention.

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Efficacy and safety of low and very low carbohydrate diets for type 2 diabetes remission: systematic review and meta-analysis of published and unpublished randomized trial data

BMJ ◽

10.1136/bmj.m4743 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. m4743

Author(s):

Joshua Z Goldenberg ◽

Andrew Day ◽

Grant D Brinkworth ◽

Junko Sato ◽

Satoru Yamada ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Risk Of Bias ◽

Low Carbohydrate ◽

Remission Of Diabetes

Abstract Objective To determine the efficacy and safety of low carbohydrate diets (LCDs) and very low carbohydrate diets (VLCDs) for people with type 2 diabetes. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Searches of CENTRAL, Medline, Embase, CINAHL, CAB, and grey literature sources from inception to 25 August 2020. Study selection Randomized clinical trials evaluating LCDs (<130 g/day or <26% of a 2000 kcal/day diet) and VLCDs (<10% calories from carbohydrates) for at least 12 weeks in adults with type 2 diabetes were eligible. Data extraction Primary outcomes were remission of diabetes (HbA 1c <6.5% or fasting glucose <7.0 mmol/L, with or without the use of diabetes medication), weight loss, HbA 1c , fasting glucose, and adverse events. Secondary outcomes included health related quality of life and biochemical laboratory data. All articles and outcomes were independently screened, extracted, and assessed for risk of bias and GRADE certainty of evidence at six and 12 month follow-up. Risk estimates and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random effects meta-analysis. Outcomes were assessed according to a priori determined minimal important differences to determine clinical importance, and heterogeneity was investigated on the basis of risk of bias and seven a priori subgroups. Any subgroup effects with a statistically significant test of interaction were subjected to a five point credibility checklist. Results Searches identified 14 759 citations yielding 23 trials (1357 participants), and 40.6% of outcomes were judged to be at low risk of bias. At six months, compared with control diets, LCDs achieved higher rates of diabetes remission (defined as HbA 1c <6.5%) (76/133 (57%) v 41/131 (31%); risk difference 0.32, 95% confidence interval 0.17 to 0.47; 8 studies, n=264, I 2 =58%). Conversely, smaller, non-significant effect sizes occurred when a remission definition of HbA 1c <6.5% without medication was used. Subgroup assessments determined as meeting credibility criteria indicated that remission with LCDs markedly decreased in studies that included patients using insulin. At 12 months, data on remission were sparse, ranging from a small effect to a trivial increased risk of diabetes. Large clinically important improvements were seen in weight loss, triglycerides, and insulin sensitivity at six months, which diminished at 12 months. On the basis of subgroup assessments deemed credible, VLCDs were less effective than less restrictive LCDs for weight loss at six months. However, this effect was explained by diet adherence. That is, among highly adherent patients on VLCDs, a clinically important reduction in weight was seen compared with studies with less adherent patients on VLCDs. Participants experienced no significant difference in quality of life at six months but did experience clinically important, but not statistically significant, worsening of quality of life and low density lipoprotein cholesterol at 12 months. Otherwise, no significant or clinically important between group differences were found in terms of adverse events or blood lipids at six and 12 months. Conclusions On the basis of moderate to low certainty evidence, patients adhering to an LCD for six months may experience remission of diabetes without adverse consequences. Limitations include continued debate around what constitutes remission of diabetes, as well as the efficacy, safety, and dietary satisfaction of longer term LCDs. Systematic review registration PROSPERO CRD42020161795.

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