scholarly journals Predictive Value of C-reactive Protein, Lactate Dehydrogenase, Ferritin and D-dimer Levels in Diagnosing COVID-19 Patients: a Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Ahmed Kaftan ◽  
Majid Hussain ◽  
Abdulhussein Algenabi ◽  
Farah Naser ◽  
Muslim Enaya
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
D Dimer

The role of IL-6 receptor inhibitor treatment in critical patient monitoring with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
D Dimer

Objectives: The COVID-19 disease can manifest itself with acute respiratory distress syndrome, renal failure, and septic shock in critically ill patients. There are opinions that there is a correlation between high IL-6 levels and disease severity. In our intensive care unit, we evaluated the changes in the laboratory data and radiological involvement severity of our patients who underwent tocilizumab treatment and examined the appropriate laboratory parameter in the treatment follow-up and its effect on survival. Methods: In the critical patient follow-up of COVID-19, 17 of the 23 patients treated with tocilizumab had a mortal course (Group 1) and the remaining 6 (Group 2) were. The C-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, IL-6, D-dimer, procalcitonin, albumin, and ferritin values, which were routinely screened in our clinic on the day of tocilizumab treatment and the 5th day after, were recorded. Both the change between the two groups and the change between days 1 and 5 were analyzed. Results: A total of 23 patients (55.35 ± 13.31 years) were included in the study. The computed tomography severity score assessed at the intensive care unit admission was statistically significantly higher in Group 2. The procalcitonin and lactate dehydrogenase values measured on day 5 after tocilizumab were significantly lower in Group 2. On the 5th day after treatment, the levels of C-reactive protein, ferritin, chest X-rays, IL-6 and D-dimer statistically significantly changed compared to the first day of the treatment. In correlation with the decrease in PCT as of the 5th day after tocilizumab administration, an increasing tendency was observed in 28-day survival. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that tocilizumab treatment may positively contribute to the treatment by decreasing cytokine levels. PCT and LDH follow-up before and after treatment in critically ill patients who are receiving tocilizumab treatment can give an idea about survival.

Diagnostic value of combination serum assay of lactate dehydrogenase, D-dimer, and C-reactive protein for uterine leiomyosarcoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiko Nishigaya ◽  
Yoichi Kobayashi ◽  
Yukiko Matsuzawa ◽  
Kiyoshi Hasegawa ◽  
Ichio Fukasawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Uterine Leiomyosarcoma ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Serum Assay ◽  
D Dimer

scholarly journals Visual Classification of Three Computed Tomography Lung Patterns to Predict Prognosis of COVID-19: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Yamada ◽  
Sachiko Ohde ◽  
Kengo Ikejima ◽  
Masaki Matsusako ◽  
Yasuyuki Kurihara
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Ct Images ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Quantitative evaluation of radiographic images has been developed and suggested for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, there are limited opportunities to use these image-based diagnostic indices in clinical practice. Our aim in this study was to evaluate the utility of a visually-based classification of pulmonary findingsfrom computed tomography (CT) images among COVID-19 patients that we developed, with the following three patterns defined: peripheral, multifocal, and diffuse findings of pneumonia. We also evaluated the prognostic value of this classification to predict the severity of COVID-19. Methods: This was a single-center retrospective cohort study of patients hospitalized with COVID-19 between January and September 2020, who presented with suspicious findings on CT lung images (n=69). We compared the association between the three predefined patterns (peripheral, multifocal, and diffuse) and admission to the intensive care unit, tracheal intubation, and death. The following demographic and clinical variables were compared between the three groups: sex, age, respiratory rate, pulse rate, blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, partial pressure of oxygen, white blood cell count, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, c-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen, D-dimer, platelet count, steroid administration, heparin administration, favipiravir administration, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation-II score, and sequential organ failure assessment score.Results: Patients with a diffuse pattern were intubated more frequently and for a longer duration than patients with a peripheral or multifocal pattern. The following clinical variables were significantly different between the diffuse pattern and peripheral and multifocal groups: body temperature, lymphocyte count, neutrophil count, c-reactive protein, lactate dehydrogenase, Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen, D-dimer, and steroid and Avigan administration.Conclusions: Our simple visual assessment of CT images can predict a systemic cytokine storm, a resulting decrease in respiratory function, and the need for supplemental respiratory ventilationamong patientswith COVID-19.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of cytokine storm as red flags for severe and fatal COVID-19 cases: A living systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0253894
Author(s):  
Ana Karla G. Melo ◽  
Keilla M. Milby ◽  
Ana Luiza M. A. Caparroz ◽  
Ana Carolina P. N. Pinto ◽  
Rodolfo R. P. Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Interleukin 6 ◽  
Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Cytokine Storm ◽  
Red Flags ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
D Dimer

Objective To describe the laboratory parameters and biomarkers of the cytokine storm syndrome associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Methods A search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on November 28th, 2020 of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, LILACS, and IBECS to identify studies of interest. Grey literature searches and snowballing techniques were additionally utilized to identify yet-unpublished works and related citations. Two review authors independently screened the retrieved titles and abstracts, selected eligible studies for inclusion, extracted data from the included studies, and then assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eligible studies were those including laboratory parameters—including serum interleukin-6 levels—from mild, moderate, or severe COVID-19 cases. Laboratory parameters, such as interleukin-6, ferritin, hematology, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer, were extracted from the studies. Meta-analyses were conducted using the laboratory data to estimate mean differences with associated 95% confidence intervals. Data synthesis The database search yielded 9,620 records; 40 studies (containing a total of 9,542 patients) were included in the final analysis. Twenty-one studies (n = 4,313) assessed laboratory data related to severe COVID-19 cases, eighteen studies (n = 4,681) assessed predictors for fatal COVID-19 cases and one study (n = 548) assessed laboratory biomarkers related to severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of interleukin-6, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, C-Reactive-Protein, procalcitonin, creatinine, neutrophils and leucocytes were associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Conclusions This review points to interleukin-6, ferritin, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer as important biomarkers of cytokine storm syndrome. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 and hyperferritinemia should be considered as red flags of systemic inflammation and poor prognosis in COVID-19.

scholarly journals D-Dimer Combined with Fibrinogen Predicts the Risk of Venous Thrombosis in Fracture Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Chaohui Lin ◽  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Bin Chen ◽  
Ke Zheng ◽  
Xiongbiao Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Thrombosis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Traumatic Fracture ◽  
D Dimer ◽  
Better Than

Objective. While D-dimer can successfully diagnose venous thrombosis due to its excellent negative predictive value (NPV), it cannot be used to detect venous thromboembolism (VTE) because of its low positive predictive value (PPV). This study aims to investigate if a combination of using D-dimer and fibrinogen can improve PPV in the VTE diagnosis. Methods. We retrospectively analyzed various data including D-dimer, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, ultrasound, and others collected from 10775 traumatic fracture patients and categorized them into two groups of VTE and non-VTE. By comparing the difference between the two groups, we employ multiple logistic regression to find risk factors that are useful to detect VTE. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic yield of using fibrinogen, D-dimer, and their combination, respectively. Also, these data were classified into quartiles by patient age. We perform the same analysis on the quartiles and find if the patient’s age has an impact on diagnosing VTE. Results. The univariate analysis demonstrated that five factors of age, D-dimer, fibrinogen, C-reactive protein, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were significant to predict VTE. ROC showed that D-dimer was more useful than fibrinogen for the diagnosis of VTE, while the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.7296 for D-dimer and 0.5209 for fibrinogen. The cutoff point of D-dimer and fibrinogen was 424.89 ng/ml and 3.543 g/L, respectively. The specificity of fibrinogen was 0.777 which was better than D-dimer, while the sensitivity of fibrinogen was lower than that of D-dimer. Both PPV and NPV were similar in D-dimer and fibrinogen. The PPV of combining D-dimer and fibrinogen in ages Q3 (60 < age ≤ 70) and Q4 (age > 70) was better than using either D-dimer or fibrinogen. Conclusions. Fibrinogen is a promising strategy for the diagnosis of subclinical VTE and postoperative VTE. In particular, a combination of D-dimer and fibrinogen can improve the PPV to successfully diagnose VTE in traumatic fracture patients who are more than 60 years old. Levels of Evidence. This assay is a diagnostic test at level II.

scholarly journals Systemic inflammatory markers and psychophysical olfactory scores in coronavirus disease 2019 patients: is there any correlation?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
L A Vaira ◽  
A De Vito ◽  
G Deiana ◽  
C Pes ◽  
F Giovanditto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Clinical Research ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Clinical Research Center ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Objective To analyse the correlations between olfactory psychophysical scores and the serum levels of D-dimer, C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in coronavirus disease 2019 patients. Methods Patients underwent psychophysical olfactory assessment with the Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test, and determination of blood serum levels of the inflammatory markers D-dimer, C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio within 10 days of the clinical onset of coronavirus disease 2019 and 60 days after. Results Seventy-seven patients were included in this study. D-dimer, procalcitonin, ferritin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio correlated significantly with severe coronavirus disease 2019. No significant correlations were found between baseline and 60-day Connecticut Chemosensory Clinical Research Center test scores and the inflammatory markers assessed. Conclusion Olfactory disturbances appear to have little prognostic value in predicting the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 compared to D-dimer, ferritin, procalcitonin and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. The lack of correlation between the severity and duration of olfactory disturbances and serum levels of inflammatory markers seems to further suggest that the pathogenetic mechanisms underlying the loss of smell in coronavirus disease 2019 patients are related to local rather than systemic inflammatory factors.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of Coagulation and Inflammation in COVID-19–Associated Ischemic Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Esenwa ◽  
Natalie T. Cheng ◽  
Jorge Luna ◽  
Joshua Willey ◽  
Amelia K. Boehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cluster Analysis ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Healthcare Systems ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Blood Cell Count ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Separate Cohort ◽  
D Dimer

Background and Purpose: We sought to determine if biomarkers of inflammation and coagulation can help define coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)–associated ischemic stroke as a novel acute ischemic stroke (AIS) subtype. Methods: We performed a machine learning cluster analysis of common biomarkers in patients admitted with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 to determine if any were associated with AIS. Findings were validated using aggregate data from 3 large healthcare systems. Results: Clustering grouped 2908 unique patient encounters into 4 unique biomarker phenotypes based on levels of c-reactive protein, D-dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, white blood cell count, and partial thromboplastin time. The most severe cluster phenotype had the highest prevalence of AIS (3.6%, P <0.001), in-hospital AIS (53%, P <0.002), severe AIS (31%, P =0.004), and cryptogenic AIS (73%, P <0.001). D-dimer was the only biomarker independently associated with prevalent AIS with quartile 4 having an 8-fold higher risk of AIS compared to quartile 1 ( P =0.005), a finding that was further corroborated in a separate cohort of 157 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 and AIS. Conclusions: COVID-19–associated ischemic stroke may be related to COVID-19 illness severity and associated coagulopathy as defined by increasing D-dimer burden.

scholarly journals Correlation analysis between disease severity and clinical and biochemical characteristics of 143 cases of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wang ◽  
Ruifang Li ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Qunqun Jiang ◽  
Chang Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Serum Potassium ◽  
Critically Ill Patients ◽  
Lymphocyte Count ◽  
Serum Amyloid A ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Amyloid A ◽  
D Dimer

Abstract Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 ( COVID-19 ) is a novel infectious disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in Wuhan and has quickly spread across the world. The mortality rate in critically ill patients with COVID-19 is high. This study analyzed clinical and biochemical parameters between mild and severe patients, helping to identify severe or critical patients early. Methods: In this single center, cross-sectional study, 143 patients were included and divided to mild/moderate and sever/critical groups. Correlation between the disease criticality and clinical features and peripheral blood biochemical markers was analyzed. Cut-off values for critically ill patients were speculated through the ROC curve. Results: Significantly, disease severity was associated with age (r = 0.458, P < 0.001) , comorbidities (r = 0.445, P < 0.001) , white cell counts (r = 0.229, P = 0.006) , neutrophil count (r = 0.238, P = 0.004) , lymphocyte count (r = -0.295, P < 0.001) , albumin (r = -0.603, P < 0.001) , high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r= -0.362, P < 0.001) , serum potassium (r = -0.237, P = 0.004) , plasma glucose (r = 0.383, P < 0.001) , total bilirubin (r = 0.340, P < 0.001) , serum amyloid A (r = 0.58, P < 0.001) , procalcitonin (r = 0.345, P < 0.001) , C-reactive protein ( r = 0.477, P < 0.001) , lactate dehydrogenase (r = 0.548, P < 0.001) , aspartate aminotransferase (r = 0.342, P < 0.001) , alanine aminotransferase (r = 0.264, P = 0.001) , erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.284, P = 0.001) and D-dimer (r = 0.477, P ＜ 0.001) . Conclusion: With following parameters such as age > 52 years, C-reactive protein > 64.79 mg/L, lactate dehydrogenase > 245 U/L, D-dimer > 0.96 ug/mL, serum amyloid A > 100.02 mg/L, or a lbumin ＜ 36 g/L, the progress of COVID-19 to critical stage should be closely observed and possibly prevented. Lymphocyte count, serum potassium and procalcitonin may also be a prognostic indicator .

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