Physiological and histological alterations after post chronic treatment with calcium disodium EDTA on experimental male rats

SummaryThe effects of the novel antidepressant tianeptine, after acute or chronic administration, were compared in normal and restraint-stressed (30 min or 2 h) Wistar rats. Tianeptine, at the dose of 10 mg/kg, did not exert any effect in non-stressed rats. However, in animals restrained for 30 min, tianeptine reduced the increase of circulating ACTH and β-endorphin levels without modification of corticosterone. Moreover, it antagonized the deficit of vertical exploratory activity in an open field. In rats restrained for 2 hours, a single injection of tianeptine suppressed the stress-induced increase of TAT hepatic activity and moderately attenuated the deficit of activity in the open field. This effect was less marked and not statistically significant after chronic treatment.

Download Full-text

Effects of Chronic Treatment with LH/FSH—RH in Hypophysectomized Pituitary—Grafted Male Rats

Endocrinology ◽

10.1210/endo-92-3-921 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 921-930 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

L. DEBELJUK ◽

A. ARIMURA ◽

M. SHIINO ◽

E.G. RENNELS ◽

A.V. SCHALLY

Keyword(s):

Chronic Treatment ◽

Male Rats

Download Full-text

Efeitos do Tratamento Crônico com Sinvastatina na Função Renal de Ratos Submetidos a um Modelo Experimental de Doença Renal Crônica/ Effects of Chronic Treatment with Sinvastatin on Renal Function in Rats Subjected to an Experimental Model of Chronic Ki

REVISTA CIÊNCIAS EM SAÚDE ◽

10.21876/rcsfmit.v4i2.307 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 64-73

Author(s):

André Luiz Rios Dos Santos ◽

Nilo César do Vale Baracho

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Renal Function ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Experimental Model ◽

Chronic Treatment ◽

Chronic Renal Disease ◽

Male Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Group 2 ◽

Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease

Objetivos: Avaliar os efeitos do tratamento crônico com sinvastatina na função renal de ratos submetidos a um modelo experimental de doença renal crônica. Metodologia: Foram utilizados 30 ratos, machos, adultos jovens, da linhagem Wistar, com peso entre 200 e 250 g e idade entre 60 e 90 dias. Os animais foram divididos aleatoriamente em 3 grupos com 10 ratos cada. Foi realizada a cirurgia seguindo o modelo experimental de doença renal crônica moderada (DRC-M) baseado na metodologia descrita por Ormrod & Miller, 1980. Após os procedimentos cirúrgicos, os animais receberam os referidos tratamentos, por um período de duas semanas: Grupo 1 - Animais com DRC-M tratados com água destilada VO (Gavagem) (n=10). Grupo 2 - Animais com DRC-M tratados com 5mg/Kg de sinvastatina VO (n=10). Grupo 3 - Animais com DRC-M tratados com 10mg/Kg de sinvastatina VO (n=10). Resultados: A indução de DRC-M não produziu alterações significativas sobre o débito urinário, ingesta hídrica, ingesta alimentar e parâmetros da função renal estudados, quando comparados o grupo controle com sinvastatina 5mg/Kg ou com sinvastatina 10mg/Kg ou quando comparados os grupos sinvastatinas entre si. Conclusão: Esses dados demonstram que o tratamento com sinvastatina, independente da dosagem do trabalho, não produziu melhora da função renal de ratos submetidos a um modelo experimental de Doença Renal Crônica Moderada (DRC-M). Palavras-chave: doença renal crônica, sinvastatina, experimentos com ratos ABSTRACT Objectives: To evaluate the effects of chronic treatment with sinvastatin on renal function in rats subjected to an experimental model of chronic renal disease. Methods: 30 male rats were young adults, the Wistar strain, weighing between 200 and 250 g and aged between 60 and 90 days were used. The animals were randomly divided into 3 groups with 10 rats in each. Surgery was performed following the experimental moderate chronic (CKD-M) model of kidney disease based on the methodology described by Miller & Ormrod, 1980. After the surgical procedures, animals receive these treatments for a period of two weeks: Group 1 - animals with CKD-M with distilled water and treated orally (gavage) (n = 10). Group 2 - animals with CKD-M and treated with sinvastatin 5mg/kg orally (n = 10). Group 3- animals with CKD-M and sinvastatin treated with 10mg/kg orally (n = 10). Results: Induction of CKD-M produced no significant change on urine output, fluid intake, food intake and renal function parameters studied when comparing the control group with sinvastatin or sinvastatin 5mg/kg or 10mg/kg when comparing groups sinvastatin to each other. Conclusion: These data demonstrate that treatment with sinvastatin dosage independent from the work produced no improvement in renal function in rats subjected to an experimental model of Moderate Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD-M). Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, sinvastatin, experiments with rats.

Download Full-text

Sub-Chronic Treatment of Sildernafil Citrate (Viagra) on some Enzymatic and Nonenzymatic Antioxidants in Testes and Brain of Male Rats

Journal of Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Research ◽

10.4172/2325-9604.1000105 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 01 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Akintunde JK ◽

Ajiboye JA ◽

Siemuri EO ◽

Oyelowo SB ◽

Irondi AE

Keyword(s):

Chronic Treatment ◽

Male Rats ◽

Nonenzymatic Antioxidants

Download Full-text

Endocrine, metabolic and cardioprotective effects of hexarelin in obese Zucker rats

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.0.1660529 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 166 (3) ◽

pp. 529-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

V De Gennaro-Colonna ◽

G Rossoni ◽

D Cocchi ◽

AE Rigamonti ◽

F Berti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Treatment ◽

Plasma Cholesterol ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Male Rats ◽

Zucker Rats ◽

Coronary Perfusion ◽

Mrna Levels ◽

Obese Rats ◽

Obese Zucker Rats ◽

Plasma Gh

Genetically obese male Zucker rats have an impaired secretion of GH, coupled to hyperinsulinemia, hyperlipidemia and glucose intolerance. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether a chronic treatment with hexarelin, a synthetic enkephalin-derived hexapeptide with a potent GH-releasing activity, might be able to ameliorate the somatotropic function and reverse some metabolic alterations associated with obesity in male obese Zucker rats. Furthermore, as decreased GH secretion and insulin resistance are associated with increased cardiovascular risk, we also tested the capacity of hexarelin to prevent postischemic ventricular dysfunction in hearts of male obese Zucker rats. Obese and lean male rats of the Zucker strain were treated with hexarelin (80 microgram/kg, b.i.d., s.c.) or saline (1 ml/kg, b.i.d., s.c.) for 30 days. An acute hexarelin injection (80 microgram, s.c.) at the 28th day of treatment elicited a rise in plasma GH levels in ! lean but not in obese rats (pretreated or not with hexarelin); lean rats chronically treated with hexarelin showed a greater increase in plasma GH as compared with control counterparts. At the end of the experiment, pituitary GH mRNA levels were significantly reduced in obese rats and hexarelin administration failed to increase pituitary GH mRNA and IGF-I concentrations in plasma and heart. Chronic treatment with hexarelin increased insulinemia and blood glucose levels in obese but not in lean rats, left unaltered the high triglyceride levels but significantly decreased plasma cholesterol concentrations in obese rats. Heart preparations from lean and obese Zucker rats treated with saline, subjected to low flow ischemia and reperfusion, showed at reperfusion: a) a low recovery of postischemic left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), coupled to a substantial increase in coronary perfusion pressure, and b) a marked increase in creatine kinase released in the perfusates. Hexare! lin administration for 30 days counteracted the heart ischemic damage both in lean and obese Zucker rats. In fact, the recovery of LVDP at reperfusion was significantly higher than in controls and the increase in coronary resistance was minimal. Collectively, these data indicate that a 30-day treatment with hexarelin was unable to improve somatotropic function in male obese Zucker rats but was successful in decreasing plasma cholesterol concentrations. Hexarelin exerted a cardioprotective effect in both lean and obese rats. The heart-protective activity afforded by the peptide was divorced from any stimulation of the GH axis and is probably exerted through activation of specific cardiac receptors.

Download Full-text

Nitric oxide mediates effects of acute, not chronic, naltrexone on LPS-induced hepatic encephalopathy in cirrhotic rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2016-0188 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 (1) ◽

pp. 16-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bentolhoda Ghiassy ◽

Nastaran Rahimi ◽

Mehrak Javadi-Paydar ◽

Mohammad Hadi Gharedaghi ◽

Abbas Norouzi-Javidan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽

Chronic Treatment ◽

Chronic Administration ◽

Endogenous Opioids ◽

Male Rats ◽

Duct Ligation ◽

Level Of Consciousness ◽

Acute And Chronic Treatment ◽

Hepatic Histology

Recent studies suggest endogenous opioids and nitric oxide (NO) are involved in the pathophysiology of hepatic encephalopathy (HE). In this study, the interaction between the opioid receptor antagonist and NO was investigated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced HE in cirrhotic rats. Male rats were divided in the sham- and bile duct ligation (BDL)-operated groups. Animals were treated with saline; naltrexone (10 mg/kg, i.p.); or L-NAME (3 mg/kg, i.p.), alone or in combination with naltrexone. To induce HE, LPS (1 mg/kg, i.p.) was injected 1 h after the final drug treatment. HE scoring, hepatic histology, and plasma NO metabolites levels and mortality rate were recorded. Deteriorated level of consciousness and mortality after LPS administration significantly ameliorated following both acute and chronic treatment with naltrexone in cirrhotic rats. However, acute and chronic administration of L-NAME did not change HE scores in cirrhotic rats. The effects of acute but not chronic treatment of naltrexone on HE parameters were reversed by L-NAME. Plasma NOx concentrations elevated in BDL rats, which were decreased after acute and chronic treatment by naltrexone or L-NAME, significantly. We suggest both acute and chronic treatment with naltrexone improved LPS-induced HE. But, only acute treatment with naltrexone may affect through NO pathway.

Download Full-text

Chronic treatment of immature male rats with synthetic LH-RH

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences ◽

10.1007/bf02326812 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 31 (10) ◽

pp. 1235-1237

Author(s):

M. A. Garcia-Hjarles ◽

O. Vilar

Keyword(s):

Chronic Treatment ◽

Male Rats ◽

Immature Male ◽

Lh Rh

Download Full-text

Renoprotective effects of anti-TGF-β antibody and antihypertensive therapies in Dahl S rats

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00263.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 303 (1) ◽

pp. R57-R69 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Sydney R. Murphy ◽

Annette J. Dahly-Vernon ◽

Kathryn M. J. Dunn ◽

Chun Cheng Andy Chen ◽

Steven R. Ledbetter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Injury ◽

Chronic Treatment ◽

Cardiac Fibrosis ◽

Antibody Therapy ◽

Antihypertensive Agents ◽

Male Rats ◽

Glomerular Injury ◽

Male And Female ◽

Renal Expression ◽

Tgf Β1

This study examined the effects of anti-TGF-β antibody (1D11) therapy in Dahl S (S) rats fed a 4% NaCl diet. Baseline renal expression of TGF-β1 and the degree of injury were lower in female than male S rats maintained on a 0.4% NaCl diet. 4% NaCl diet increased mean arterial pressure (MAP), proteinuria, and renal injury to the same extent in both male and female S rats. Chronic treatment with 1D11 had renoprotective effects in both sexes. The ability of 1D11 to oppose the development of proteinuria when given alone or in combination with antihypertensive agents was further studied in 6-wk-old female S rats, since baseline renal injury was less than that seen in male rats. 1D11, diltiazem, and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) attenuated the development of hypertension, proteinuria, and glomerular injury. 1D11 had no additional effect when given in combination with these antihypertensive agents. We also explored whether 1D11 could reverse renal injury in 9-wk-old male S rats with preexisting renal injury. MAP increased to 197 ± 4 mmHg and proteinuria rose to >300 mg/day after 3 wk on a 4% NaCl diet. Proteinuria was reduced by 30–40% in rats treated with 1D11, HCT, or captopril + 1D11, but the protective effect was lost in rats fed the 4% NaCl diet for 6 wk. Nevertheless, 1D11, HCT, and captopril + 1D11 still reduced renomedullary and cardiac fibrosis. These results indicate that anti-TGF-β antibody therapy reduces renal and cardiac fibrosis and affords additional renoprotection when given in combination with various antihypertensive agents in Dahl S rats.

Download Full-text

Morphological and morphometric changes and epithelial apoptosis are induced in the rat epididymis by long-term letrozole treatment

European Journal of Histochemistry ◽

10.4081/ejh.2021.3259 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 65 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Anna Pilutin ◽

Kamila Misiakiewicz-Has ◽

Sylwia Rzeszotek ◽

Barbara Wiszniewska

Keyword(s):

Chronic Treatment ◽

Treated Group ◽

Male Rats ◽

Apoptotic Cells ◽

Aromatase Inhibition ◽

Adult Rats ◽

Morphological Evaluation ◽

Letrozole Treatment ◽

Rat Epididymis

The epididymis is an organ that plays a key role in sperm maturation. The aim of this study was to examine the association between the chronic treatment of mature male rats with letrozole and morphological evaluation and morphometric values of epididymis as well as changes in the number of apoptotic cells in epididymal epithelium. Adult rats were treated with letrozole for 6 months and the epididymis weight, morphology, morphometric values and the number of apoptotic cells in the epithelium were examined. Long-term aromatase inhibition resulted in presence of intraepithelial clear vacuoles, hyperplasia of clear cells and a hyperplastic alteration in the epithelium known as a cribriform change. Moreover, changes in diameters of the epididymal duct and the epididymal lumen and changes in the epididymal epithelium height were observed. The number of apoptotic epithelial cells was increased in letrozole-treated group. It can be indicated that chronic treatment with letrozole can affect morphology, morphometric values and apoptosis in the epididymis of adult male rats. Observed changes are similar to that observed in the aging processes and may also be important for patients treated with aromatase inhibitors.

Download Full-text